The olunchunCustoms and habitsOlunchun holiday information and clothing characteristics

Believed in shamanism, worship of natural objects.Before the founding of new China, olunchun is still in the primitive society, society has not been formed within the social division of labor, only natural division of labor between men and women, old and young.Social production is given priority to with collective hunting, gathering and fishing is complementary.After 50 s, under the support of the government, olunchun people are out of the forest in agriculture and industry.

The history of olunchun

The ancestor of olunchun forest.In the yuan dynasty, calling it "forest people".Ming dynasty refers to as "beishan savages", safari in the south of the hinggan mountains, ussuri schleswig-holstein cob river east, west, east to sakhalin island wide area.

The middle of the 17th century, the colonists Russia invaded China heilongjiang valley, forcing olunchun people migrating south, concentrated distribution in xiao xing.After Nebuchadnezzar chu treaty between China and Russia in 1689, however, until the inequality of the sino-russian treaty of aihui, a county in heilongjiang province and Beijing treaty before, they are still to the south of the hinggan mountains outside the region safari, and also to participate in the qing government border patrol activities on a regular basis.Just the middle of the 19th century tsarist Russia occupied the north of heilongjiang province, China ussuri river east, olunchun people lose be occupied area of the safari.Is transited by the rule of the qing court for olunchun,.

Kang xi thirty years (1691), the qing court of hubei the family into "o" ling "and" elegant hair Abraham "two parts, the bout, total government jurisdiction."Mo ling orogen" to ride a horse orogen, into eight banners organization, travelling to."Elegant hair Abraham orogen" means walking orogen, refers to the loss of reindeer has not been horses are still in the safari olunchun, separate kumar, finish,,,, more cloth kuhl, river road, five points and eight, under the road each with 1 set olunchun with collar.The qing court sent "anda" into the once a year, take gong sable.

Eight years guangxu (1882), the qing court waste bout the main government, set up the yamen, utilize modern city main charge of olunchun 5 road.Guangxu nineteen years, utilize modern city main government laid off, the original five combined into 4 road 16 zc (o force, more cloth Kurt merge two road, the rest are still), belong to heilongjiang, morre root, bout, hulun buir city 4 pair of yamen.

Warlords rule, only abolished the content of the eight banners organization, 4 road 16 with almost no change.The jurisdiction of the system, the jurisdiction of the three road ranks the supervisory bureau of heilongjiang province, l road hailaer Mongolia government jurisdiction."918" after the incident, the Japanese invaders put olunchun nominally respectively in pseudo in heilongjiang province and utilize modern north provincial jurisdiction.

During the reign of Japanese imperialism olunchun people rose up against, olunchun children took part in the northeast anti-japanese coalition, brave fight.With his own blood to defend the motherland and the nation's survival.In August 1945, liberated.On October 1, 1951, Inner Mongolia autonomous region olunchun first-hand data.

Olunchun marriage funeral custom

Olunchun monogamous, forbidden clans intermarry, different degressTo get married.Children's marriage arranged by parents, no free love before liberation.Olunchun marriage should pass four programs: marriage, endeavoured to send the dowry and procession.In traditional orogen marriage, once popular stomach is marriage of the marriage customs.

Is the tradition of olunchun dangchang wind was buried, and burial, cremation and water cremation.The wind was also called tree burial or celestial burial, is an ancient dangchang.Find a diagonal trees in the woods, will be cut down, its build on bar at the top, the branches on the shop, thenThe coffinOn the above.Also useful rope will coffins hanging on a rod.Of those who died because of illness or childbirth cremated.For the drowned man water cremation, pushing the coffin into the river, let it float away.After the burial is that only appeared well after affected by han dangchang, roughly the same as the han dangchang.Olunchun people have a whole set of funeral etiquette.People die or according to the direction of north foot of south park, in the "pinch of Luo Zi"The bodyBeside the smoke, wine, pasta, or pull the hair poultry or birds.Friends and relatives in LingQian accompanying family members were crying offerings, burn, wakes.The coffin to load the deceased used in tableware, harness, etc.If male, buried hunting knife, bows, etc., women with needle and thread, etc.Buried coffin completed before sunrise, don't think by sunlight to make the souls of the dead safe arrival to the grave.In the past, still be in mourning for the dead and the cult of holding regular habits.Olunchun because live in primitive forest, they adjust measures to local conditions, invented a variety of coffin, such as birchbark coffin, coffins, wooden coffin, willow coffin tree drum and manchu coffin, etc.

Olunchun eat custom

Used in a variety of animal flesh is the staple food, general solar eclipse one or two meals, meal time is not fixed.Olunchun diet many many varieties of rice flour, bread dumplings are also common.

Olunchun meat eating noodles is very wide, in addition to a variety of wild animals in the forest, also prey on birds and fish in the river.The most common edible roe deer meat, followed by An meat, consider An nasal taste delicious.

Olunchun adult males are good drinking, drinking wine has two kinds, one kind is koumiss, olunchun mare s, millet and millet rice together, and fermented in a week, then use wine steamed steamed, every family can brewed;The other is a white wine, mostly by the input field.

Olunchun used in a variety of animal flesh is the staple food, general solar eclipse one or two meals, meal time is not fixed.Winter in the sun before the meal, after eating hunting;Summer morning first hunting, hunting for breakfast later.Sometimes in the hunting zones for the night.Two in the morning and evening meal;All kitchen by women at home.Two eat staple food is given priority to with pork.Olunchun diet many many varieties of rice flour, such as with rice or millet boil su-mi Nicholson (porridge), the old boast too (sticky rice porridge) and rice;Rest made of flour high buda (another), sand (cake), nun kapoor bread dumplings are also common, olunchun meat eating noodles is very wide, in addition to a variety of wild animals in the forest, also prey on birds and fish in the river.Greater hinggan mountains (chicken) of specialty dragon meat tender, the most famous.The most common edible roe deer meat, followed by An meat, consider An nasal taste delicious.When meat with joints of meat cooking in the pot, namely remove after half ripe, each with a knife to cut take a dip in salt water and food, no longer eat meat with the blood ribs, that bloody jin meat so tender, nutritious, and enhance the diet, such as the vision, eliminate fatigue.When edible roe deer meat, like boiled meat and bone mincing mixing, and then add mix oil and chrysanthum flowers and food.Fine machining of olunchun also accustomed to seeing all sorts of meat or Fried, Fried, made from a variety of wild sex.Made various cooking meat and vegetables are increasingly common.Olunchun save prey, mostly with the dry method, especially in the summer, olunchun hunter cut the meat into small pieces, more tanned half dry, then cut into small pieces, put on the curtain of the woven with caraway stick, the charcoal burning, smoke, can keep the meat for a long time constant.Olunchun adult males are good drinking, drinking wine has two kinds, one kind is koumiss, mare s, millet and millet rice together, fermentation more than a week, then use wine steamed steamed, every family can brewed;The other is a white wine, mostly by the input field.Before winter hunting, oroqen hunters often drink a bowl of palm oil to enhance the ability to keep out the cold.In the past, on a diet, the folk have many taboos.Such as: to learn when to eat bear meat caw, mean tell the bear in the mountain is the ravens bear meat.Between husband and wife after the death of one party, the other party can't eat animal head and internal organs within three years.In some places also banned women bear meat, women are not allowed to eat the time when the beast head and his heart, and so on.Today, these taboos have been changed.

Olunchun festivals

Twenty three and lunar month every yearThe Spring FestivalMorning, olunchun family to worship god, to the fire to burn incense, and threw it into a piece of meat and sprinkle with a glass of wine, when guests happy New Year, also want to fire worship first, and then thrown into the fire a piece of meat and a glass of wine (much by guests bring their own).

Olunchun people's hospitality, simple, sincere, hunters carry meat return, whether know or not, as long as you say want to be a bit of meat, master hunting knife to you immediately, and where to place, how much cut, all by the guests themselves, owner is very generous.Olunchun very the attention etiquette, aged respected is the traditional.No matter in what situation, must let the old man sitting is, drinking by the old man to open a cup, to eat meatHave a mealAfter the old man take knife move chopsticks, other people move.Used to live fairy column (orogen language, means to block the sun's house, is a kind of original house), if there are men that is generally going to make our guests to is opposite the door position, women are to the left and right sides of the position.Olunchun hospitality, guest to visit, in addition to the good wine meat reception, guests at parting gift their local products.

Vulcan worship: lunar twenty three and the morning of the Spring Festival every year, olunchun family to worship god, to the fire to burn incense, and threw it into a piece of meat and sprinkle with a glass of wine, when guests happy New Year, also want to fire worship first, and then thrown into the fire a piece of meat and a glass of wine (much by guests bring their own).

: Spring Festival is a traditional olunchun major holiday.Before a month is ready for the holiday, meat, flour, etc.Hunting and some errands out of home before New Year's eve.New Year's eve, the sun is setting, every household, the door lit bonfires, symbol prosperous and happy life.Before the reunion dinner, the old man opened the various shrines, lead for the whole family, burn incense and kowtow, pray for gods to bless the family well-being.Later on, but also burn kowtow for those who died at the crossroads.All this ceremony is finished, surrounds the whole family together, eat family reunion dinner.Olunchun people have the habit of shou sui, thought it would be required in high spirit.

Smear: 16 in the day, olunchun people use bottom ash on the face, it is said that can drive demon ward off evil spirits, protect peaceful.This day, men and women, old and young, both hands wipe on bottom ash, begging a face each other.Face to my father when children can't wipe, brother in law and his wife can't apply to each other, others can casually, but in to the elders to kowtow before you face.This habit is still retain, but to become pure entertainment.

The Dragon Boat Festival: olunchun people also had the Dragon Boat Festival, Dragon Boat Festival every morning, groups of olunchun people to adopt jie in the woods with dew mugwort, wild flowers, such as birch branches, hung or on their Windows and doors, they think the dew on the flowers and plants can cure, exorcism.

The religious beliefs of olunchun

Olunchun believed in shamanism.All things have spirit of religion, oroqen people worship god.Olunchun people believe that the nature of mountains and trees, wind and rain lightning and the moon and stars are the gods.Hunting every meet old trees, high cliffs, caves all thought is "that" white mountain habitat dare not noisy, want to proffering flaming for meat, pray for peace and harvest.Orogen fear bear, call the bear "elegant" (grandfather), "post" (grandmother), or "armies" (my uncle), not a first-name basis.

Olunchun very the attention etiquette, aged respected is the traditional.No matter in what situation, must let the old man sitting is, drinking by the old man to open a cup, meat to eat until after the old man take knife move chopsticks, other people move.

Olunchun hospitality, guest to visit, in addition to the good wine meat reception, guests at parting gift their local products.Olunchun, simple, sincere service, hunters carry meat return, whether know or not, as long as you say want to be a bit of meat, master hunting knife to you immediately, from parts cut, cut, all by the guests themselves, owner is very generous.

The material life of olunchun of particular features.In addition to the meat, garment leather, the residence of the past "immortal" is also the creation of a hunting culture."Fairy column" can be half open umbrella, by more than 30 tower into root tree, covering birchbark outside the summer, winter cover skins, can quickly into, can be removed at any time."Fairy column" introduction to the top of the opposite and left and right sides, for people to sit, but there are strict rules."Fairy column" central burning fire and all the day long to cooked food and heating."Fairy column" behind the tree stem hanging like god birchbark box, generally women are not allowed to contact.