The moinba nationality ofCustoms and habitsThe moinba nationality festival information and clothing characteristics

The moinba nationality has its own language - memba language, but no word of this nation, the Tibetan.The moinba nationality people main belief bon (a primitive shamanistic) and lamaism.The moinba nationality is rich in folk literature, folk songs, widely circulated, of which "samar toasting song" and "lu" love song most moving and bold and unrestrained.The moinba nationality people mainly engaged in agriculture, planting rice, also engaged in farming and hunting, is good at weaving and making of bamboo cane implement all kinds of wooden bowl.

The moinba nationality national history

The moinba nationality lived as Tibet border region.In the 17th century, the moinba nationality society has entered into the feudal serfdom society, become the Tibetan local government under the rule of an integral part of Tibet.Tibet's feudal serfowner land ownership is the basic form of land system the moinba nationality society.The moinba nationality regions, such as land, forest and pasture production data are held by the Tibetan local government.The Tibetan local government sent officials to the moinba nationality region, set administrative agencies, to the temple and secular aristocracy sealing with land and serfs, formed the butler, monasteries and noble lords occupy absolute to the moinba nationality areas of production and occupy not completely to the moinba nationality serfs personal relationship.

In door corner area as an example, beginning from the middle of the 19th century, the Tibetan local government awarded the wrong with the government jurisdiction over the opposite corner, Loeb 4 fault of northern door corner, away from the nearest to the government, be area and management are the most government officials.

In cases of the government, led by the three great lords to divide it into several blocks of the share of the labor force the moinba nationality serfs cultivation, at the same time to charge memba serfs is given priority to with physical and corvee land rent.In the moinba nationality society, the feudal serfowner is to use the original village organization to implement of feudal serfdom, the feudal serf system combined with the moinba nationality original villages form a composite form social formation.This is the basic characteristics of the moinba nationality social form.

Because people in different position in the relationship between land ownership, in the moinba nationality society existed serfowner and serf two kinds of people.Serfowner mostly, Tibetan serf several families and all the moinba nationality, serfowner include cases of this, "crude", the upper lama and secular aristocracy, they were very little, but power is very big, to master the most of the social production, has a variety of feudal privileges, was the ruler of the moinba nationality society.

Like the Tibetan serfs, the moinba nationality serfs according to seniority of their economies can be divided into "bad," and "poor heap", about the cloth "and other three pole, etc."Poor" in motuo area, to pay the tax.They in serfs accounted for a large case, according to the rules led to lords.As the lords servants bear the heavy ulla, even to the Lord pay ghee, timber, dye, charcoal and other physical and hidden COINS.Heap "poor", the number of less than "and".Status is lower than the poor, rented land big difference of the small piece of land, or as a helper, do chores, sidelining, manual for the production."Cloth", that is, domestic helpers, very few number, only exists in the ink to take off the area.They have no independent economic is single, working in a summons, attached to his master.

The moinba nationality mainly engaged in agriculture, engaged in animal husbandry.Until before the democratic reform, agricultural practices in plantation and hoeing, wooden plough tillage phase.Production tools is wood and iron, give priority to with wooden tools.Wooden plough is the main agricultural tools and shape varies from place to place.

The moinba nationality of farmland management is extensive.Crop of tillage weeding is generally one or two times, crops are allowed to grow.Fewer without water conservancy irrigation, fertilization, restore slower, because land fertility and pests, beast,The floodViolation, agricultural production is generally low.

Animal husbandry and gathering wild plants is an important means to make up for a lack of food.Grazing and livestock breeding mainly yak, zho and cattle, the small number of horses and sheep, yak, cattle zho is indispensable in life, to provide the moinba nationality perspective, meat, milk, butter, milk, slag used in textile, cattle and outside the nation for the exchange of goods and materials, and that the male zho and yak is their main means of transportation.

All the year round in hunting activities.Men go out much long dao carrying a bow and arrow.Memba people by using the methods of bows and arrows, a bow and the noose is to capture the beast.The skin, horns, animal bones is exchanged with outside nation pay physical and to the Lord.Meat will be cut into the meat to dry, to attend the hunter and village friends QinLin.

From generation to generation the moinba nationality is one of the agriculture as the main body of the nation.Category is only part of the agricultural production sideline, handicraft industry and the neighboring nation, though exchange trade relations have occurred, but self-sufficient economy is still dominant.Feudal serfdom countries has always been shackles hindering the development of the social productive forces, make the moinba nationality backward production level year after year on the basis of the original repeated, long-term in a state of stagnation.Until the end of the democratic reform the feudal serfdom, social production to get free.

The moinba nationality marriage

The moinba nationality marriage love freedom, more for monogamy, dramatic marriage ceremonies, with interest.To get married, on the day of the morning the bride good grooming, by parents, brothers and sisters and GuJiu relatives and to the family, before the bride attachment scores of parents, but parents raised me to leave parents, I'm terribly sorry.Bride's family usually to send daughter, bracelets, rings, headdress, belts and so on as him, sometimes with a two labor tools.The groom side is already please matchmaker to bring a few clever "people on the road waiting for wedding party, they took to spill wine, please the bride to drink three times on the way.To the groom's family entered and sat down, on the wine meat, cake gracious hospitality.The bride's uncle's most respected and he spoke on behalf of the father, when he came to stir up trouble, whose well, flesh thick size not divide evenly, and ask: what is my daughter some grow well...Every saying hard hit the table with his fists, to pretend that he is flustered.Then the groom's family repeatedly with the ritual, hada, hurry to add wine and food, until the bride's uncle nodded satisfied.Actually this kind of dramatic critic to tests the sincerity of the man.Wine to half drunk, the impromptu singing dancing, merrymaking, burning it.Some rich family wedding often last three or four days.For the young lads and the girls, this is also a good chance to contact each other and love.

The moinba nationality festival

The moinba nationality festival mainly has two types, one kind is a religious holiday, one kind is at the age of festival.Major religious festivals in QuKe section, SaGa dawa section, and the main solution, tawang solution will, at the age of New Year festival mainly has the moinba nationality.

QuKe section: is held annually in June when the crops mature.Holiday when the people gathered together, held a grand worship ceremony, then under the guidance of lama and ba, recite scriptures for prayer, a week turn around the villages and farms, pray for god bless, prosperous, a good harvest.People bring their own JiuFan, singing and dancing in the farm field, the whole activity for 2-3 days.

SaGa dawa section: according to legend the Buddha of Tibetan Buddhism, Buddhism with muny birth and parinirvana day is April 15th, Tibetan in order to commemorate the day, all the moinba nationality regiontemplePray to chant buddhist scripture, held various religious activities.Then each to take out a certain number of zanba, ghee and barley wine, to the temple, temple monks to eat zanba to make "measures" to everyone, they eat and drink a toast to each other, until the evening, every point SuYouDeng even behind the house, to celebrate, and to this day as a symbol of entering farming, from this day, people will start to do farm work any more.

Master the solution will be: is the ink of the solution of sexual, held in the bumper year between November to December, after 3-18 days, failure of years.The main activities are to chant buddhist scripture, TiaoShen, religious drama performance, etc.Together, people bring their own wine meat, food, drink to watch TiaoShen performance during the day, night lit a bonfire in the field, singing and dancing, to celebrate the festival.

Tawang solution: in Tibetan 29th November each year, lasted three days.Festival, in addition to watch people TiaoShen performances, traditional drama "zhuo Eva slim, yak dance, etc., also hold some self-entertainment activities, such as horse racing, tug-of-war, archery, etc.

New Year: TibetanNew Year's DayLanguage is the most important holiday, the moinba nationality memba called "lothar," wrong that the moinba nationality from Tibetan New Year began on January 1, to the end of January 15, and the Tibetan New Year basically no difference, and ink to take off the region the moinba nationality is different in the New Year, they have two year New Year's day, January is a New Year, from the Tibetan began on January 1, for 2-3 days;Another New Year is December.December New Year is the ink to take off the moinba nationality festival, the most characteristic from the Tibetan began on December 1, after 10-15 days, first, every family will clean the house, killing cattle and sheep, and slaughter with an abundance of dining tables, entertain guests.During the festival, people wear costumes, visit each other, singing and dancing, binge drinking.Also held a variety of recreational activities, such as tug-of-war, wrestling, archery, stone, etc.

The moinba nationality food customs

Top of the world of the Himalayas, has been called the world's third pole.The high mountains to the mountain, the highest buildings with more than 2400 kilometer is continuous, which, on the southern margin of the Tibetan become snow area plateau natural barrier.In the south slope of eastern Himalayas are been chongqing region, the west door corner, tens of thousands of the moinba nationality people live in this broad area.

No groove ravines narrow chongqing region, abundant rainfall, climate is hot, slash-and-burn land suitable for planting corn, therefore, corn and chicken feet valley became the ink to take off the the moinba nationality staple food.General and rice and hybrid rice when cooking corn, corn powder cooking into a dough.Corn is the main raw material, brewed liquor plus part of the valley of corn residue and chicken feet.

Chicken feet valley is a tropical crops, hainan has planted in our country, rapeseed similar size and color, it is brewing "strong state" (rum) of the main raw material, people also like to eat chicken feet valley cooked powder into a dough.Paddy field more places to eat rice.

Western memba with buckwheat cakes and highland barley as more food.Common vegetables are black fungus, mushrooms, bamboo shoots, eggplant, melon, chili, beans, radish.Kitchen is provided mainly soap stone bowl, POTS, etc., people prefer to use stone bowl cooking cooking, heat transfer and thermal slow stone bowl, braised food delicious, this is the metal pot can't match.

Door corner region of the moinba nationality food buckwheat bread, cake is to use a circular piece of thin slab, on which a tripod, and then the buckwheat flour into a paste, stand on the slab over flipping bake.Eat is in milk residue on the baked wheat cake, salt, chili paste, hot rolls to eat.The moinba nationality distinctive pickles.Bean paste, main condiment is indispensable to the moinba nationality's diet.Sauce is cooked, fermented soybean processing.Stay cool beans to not hot, about 25 degrees Celsius left and right sides, salt, chili powder, pepper, garlic, fennel spices such as uniform mixing, and then loaded into 30 cm in diameter, about 50 cm long bamboo barrels, the top one in, paste mud cap, placed in the hearth of machine, and keep a certain temperature, generally serve a month, but the longer the implantation, bright color and are slightly violet black, more than a year into black.

This sauce tastes spicy taste, aroma to savor, not salty not pale, spicy sweetness that special can enhance appetite, spicy full-bodied fragrance, gives fully in touch of green capsicum, tasty, does not have a taste, is the more you have, the more you want, can eat a bowl of rice.Every family has a few barrels of sauce. Set aside.

Memba people simple cooking, soup is a main course, the garden water water, and the monotony of rice suitable, convenient and tasty, quite popular with people.The main ingredients in the soup is bean paste, generally in a family of five half pot soup to put 80 grams bean paste.Fermented bean paste into puree, put into the pot after decomposition on its own.It is no exaggeration to say that the moinba nationality cooking techniques, far cannot leave the bean paste.

Drink tea daily necessity, summer still a homemade yogurt.Men, women and children drinking common hobby.Homemade barley, rice wine in big gourd, big bamboo tube, the guests will come, accompany men cook Chinese food, children worship the guest, the guest a sip, the lady on the side at any time to add, the guests drunk, respect is seen as the master, owner was happy.