The jingpoCustoms and habitsJingpo ethnic festival information and clothing characteristics

Jingpo, one of China's yunnan indigenous peoples, "search" of the tang dynasty, and is part of the tribe.Modern literature referred to as the "mountain", and more are referred to as the "mountain", "the hills", "tea", "wave speed", who "jingpo", "load", "la" period, wave "I", mainly live in dehong dai and jingpo autonomous prefecture, yunnan province various counties of mountain area, a few live in nujiang Su Su clan autonomous prefecture of mount a horse, the ancient sea, duty room, gengma and lxa county.

The history of the jingpo people

Ancestors of the jingpo people associated with the ancient di and qiang, used to live in the southern mountains of Tibet plateau, 7-9 th-century migrating south along the hengduan mountains.Eastern jingbo in the east of the lancang river, jinsha river region;Western jingbo in lancang river to the west of Burma.Due to the 15th and 16th centuryThe warA large amount of eastern ethnic mass westward;After the 16th century moved to dehong region, a large number of o and DeAng, more prosperous, Su Su, such as han live together.The jingpo middle wave, I quite, tile, la branch are different tribes of the same nationality.

Jingpo people mainly has five branches, emphasizes, watts, wave period, I quite (wave speed), Paula.Most of people in different branches, miscellaneous live together.Jingpo branches, belongs to the sino-tibetan language hide the main languages jingbo dialect, carrying four branches, such as language close to and Burma dialect belong to hide the main languages.Texts are jingbo and carrying two, phonetic writing system based on the Latin alphabet, the former created in the late 19th century, which created in 1957.

The jingpo people's diet

The jingpo people with rice is the staple food, eat in rotten rice, sticky rice, glutinous rice BaBa or bamboo rice.Vegetables from the garden, except the part made by collecting wild vegetables, how to eat except the boiled, stewed, Fried, or cold, most distinctive is pounded the dishes.After they wash vegetables and elaborate, add lobster sauce.Lobster sauce: a made from fermented beans cooked food.Ginger, pepper, salt, in the bamboo tube or pestle mortar in ground.The taste is unique, commonly used to entertain.Jingpo people also like drinking wine, like chewing "sand" (the use of tobacco, LuZi the chewing, hydrated lime has the material).Meet to give each other a "sand branch" is one of the traditional etiquette.

Jingpo people eat three meals a day, when busy when two meals a day.The staple food of rice, like eating rice and bamboo rice.That's grown vegetables are mostly do not need intensive cultivation of melons, beans, vegetables, potato (potato), etc., supplemented by the bamboo shoots, water celery, wild garlic, etc.

The meat in the majority with pork and chicken, in the fishing and hunting, such as hunting wild boar, a goat, goats, buffalo, pheasants, birds,fishCrab, snails.Jingpo people drinking more is homemade wine, said liquor, adult men and women prefer shochu.

The jingpodrinkingPays attention to etiquette, meet acquaintances to propose a toast to each other, not to drink, but fell back to the other side of the first container a bit and then drink.When they drink a cup of wine, everyone by hand wipe after a sip of your drink wine, then transferred to others, if you have the old man is present, let the old man to drink.

Typical food mainly include: bamboo grilled fish, and left, pounded eel, casseroles stewed bamboo rat.

The jingpo religious practices

Believed all things have spirit, think of all things in the nature ghost spirit can work on people, give a person with descend.To worship ghost points three categories, namely: day ghost, ghost, ghost.The sky with the sun devil as the biggest;The ground to the ghost is maximum;Home demon with "wood" for most.Every encounter sow, reap, marriage funeral, duels are please wizard may slaughter the ghost, host sacrifice wizard called "mu tao" (transliteration), the biggest sacrifice "MuNao", is for the "wood" ghost.Now the main Christian faith.

The jingpo marriage

The jingpo marriage form for monogamy.But the officer and FuYuHu polygamy.In the home, the father's parents.And women there is no house uxorilocal, but ZhuiXu doesn't change its name;When having no children, can adopt the child, the rights and obligations as her own child;Against the property is not strict inheritance system of the youngest son, their status is higher than the firstborn.Women's social status is low.In current monogamous marriage, basically still must follow the principle of the traditional one-way GuJiu table marriage, namely the gu family man have to marry my uncle's house woman, man can't marry the gu family woman, but my uncle home form "in-laws" and "husbands" of marriage.Popular transfer system of husband and wife dead sister marry customs.Marriage also implements the class -- the butler intermarry with butler, the people and the people.Young men and women social freedom, butTo get marriedArranged by the parents, dowry is very heavy, often occur the phenomenon of "snatching.

Jingpo young men and women to dry off the total (i.e., "series of girl"), the man will take arrange a few dark silk silk hair or clothing, etc., please dong (wizard) divination to determine whether to get married.If you can, again by parents please "le feet" (the man ZhaiLi matchmaker) and via "strong" (the woman matchmaker ZhaiLi), and to the family's hand.Spoken usually send some silk varieties,eggs, wine and other gifts, if the woman to accept that agreed to marriage.After send to agreed dowry, decided to the wedding.

Jingpo national holiday

From a section or changxin as tribute section

Sow section or changxin as tribute section, dehong dai and jingpo autonomous prefecture, yunnan province is yingjiang achang, lianghe, gansu county people's traditional festival, lunar calendar March 10 and held August 15th.

Pass in ancient times, achang people have an old old woman, in every season in mid-august, she can always get a bother will carefully all kinds of grain seeds to select and remain down.Sent to all the people of the village. Due to help us improve the farming technology, she has been deep love and respect. In August, a year old woman suddenly gone before harvest.In order to make up for the failure of the old man to wear new, taste a fresh delicacy away one of the biggest regret, the people in her LingQian laid a delicious food and new clothes.Later, August 15, achang every family cooking new harvest of grain, vegetables, melons and fruits, forming section changxin as tribute.The people in the spring and will leave a seed into the ground, she formed a year removed from a section of March 15.

Hanis living

Hanis living jingpo interesting harvest festival holiday.Every year the lunar September, when the fieldriceMature, families are also "hanis living".

Hanis living on the day before, his owner began to prepare.They carried the basket with flowers, and then picked up a bundle of mature waxy valley, back home, in the door., send a warm invitation to each, then ask them to visit the next day.The next day, men, women and children and the Lord came to the host family, gladly host to take out the liquor to greet visitors.Guest greeted each other and are ready to hanis living meals.Women and girl Fried millet, ground flat meters, do BaBa new rice, cooking, mountain wild vegetables.Boys singing together, down the riverTo catch fish.The jingpo people according to the traditional rules, hanis living this day cannot kill chickens slaughtered pigs.Before you begin, attached master line to prayers.He put the BaBa, flat rice, liquor, dried fish, dryThe mouseGood QiZhu, say to the ghost, look forward to human and animal peace, good crop weather, in addition to remove disaster.In the future, if you can get, must kill for offering.

In a ceremony of hanis living, by year Gao Dechong elders about the source of the millet.It is said that in a long time ago, jingpo planting millet, but on the day, spirit valley millet grow well, on the ground bark dog looked at day and night, finally called the valley of the soul to the floor, from then on, the jingpo planting millet foothills of healthy and strong.

Therefore, the jingpo people regard sb with special respect or new views to the dog.Hanis living this day, to give the dogHave a meal, followed by the cow, then eat to old people.Hanis living this day, people drink and at the same time, and the main summary of farming, discuss the proper time to sow.Bubble is the use of sounds.ZaiYang skills, dryland seeding method and time limit, the design of the forest.Rotation of learning and so on.Hanis living is a celebration of the harvest festival, is also a festival promoting agricultural technical exchanges.

CaiHuaJie

Said the jingpo language "thought and fresh" or "jeddah", "play" and so on, is in commonlyThe Spring FestivalDuring the period.Then, with the village or neighboring village of young men and women meet together, with BaBa silk, rice, eggs and other food, up the hill to find a suitable place to play together, everyone singing and dancing, laughing and frolicking, held "his plate" and other games.Lovers love affairs, gifts, the rest of the men and women, old and young, are each person gives some wine meat food, such as cooking together.Old man singing to young people, the words are the language of geely.After dinner, we sing and dance, have fun together.Young men and women meet each other in the evening, sang sang in public house and other places, recreation, late into the night.

Can fairy festival

The jingpo young men and women is give priority to the party, singing and dancing festival.Generally held in lunar February 10th every year.As nor this season, all things grow, the pains of young men and women use this in a year of good time, in accordance with the traditional can fairy festival held in flat areas of the mountain.The festival, young men and women in festival costumes, wear all sorts of adornment, together, to folk songs, shooting and playing slingshot, sword dance, etc.