The daurCustoms and habitsDaur holiday information and clothing characteristics

Because daur without words, only by oral inheritance of history, the history of the qing dynasty before has not fastidious.But according to the daur legends and daur people with qidan people production, life, customs, religion, language, etc of comparative research, most historians agree that the daur belong to the descendants of liao dynasty qidan, but there are also some scholars believe that the daur is developed by the local aboriginal ancestors.Use of DNA technology related experiments show that the qidan nationality and the daur have recently genetic relationship.

Daur legends

Hundreds of years ago, a qidan army came to trimming fort (edge fort a daur peculiar lexical, refers to a kind of similar to the building of the Great Wall), has settled down in this ever since.The army called gilday Michael han, the leader of the daur ancestors.

Recent controversy

About the source of the daur, academic circles have had disputes.Disputes mainly can be divided into the native speaking and qidan origin said.

A native speaker thinks, the distribution of the daur people first in heilongjiang province in the river valley and fine, sui and tang dynasty is the distribution of the various parts of the chamber wei, at that time, there have been some tribes Wang Chaotong gong to the central plains.Liao, jin, yuan after each generation in the region to exercise jurisdiction, the Ming dynasty had established the daur in former residence zone in the north of the wood river, BuLuDan river health is, therefore, daur should be of the seed of indigenous peoples, north of heilongjiang province and the sui and tang dynasty room wei some tribes have deep roots.Others also according to the daur about their ancestors had built "blackwater" legend, think the kalama source related to sui, tang blackwater some tribes.

Speaker with traces of qidan origin mainly according to the language, history, legends and some custom and liao dynasty has the same characteristics of qidan nationality, think of the daur ancestors is one of qidan people, when king destroyed liao moved north to heilongjiang, north of the development of daur.

DNA technology to Amy

Experts in sichuan leshan first took qidan history of carpal bone;Take Inner Mongolia chifeng to have the epitaph for card of the teeth, the skull of qidan nationality;In places such as yunnan baoshan, ShiDian collected samples from "I".MoLiDa tile flag and several other from Inner Mongolia autonomous region and county to extract the daur, ewenki nationality, the Mongolian and the han people of blood samples.At the completion of the ancient specimens of the dental pulp and bone marrow in silicon variable area after comparison method to extract mitochondrial DNA, they finally obtained the accurate conclusion: qidan nationality and the daur have recently genetic relationship, for seed of qidan nationality.

Daur religious beliefs

Daur ethnic had much faith shamanism, is a concentration of natural worship, totem worship and ancestor worship of primitive religion, for the gods, gods, vulcan, CAM and animal wealth god, ancestral god, etc.Each clan has its own original shaman preside over religious activities.A minority faith lamaism.

Daur in nature as the object of worship in the past, the Gregorian calendar every year in May, the chariot and the killing of cattle and pig worship, earth, mountains, sichuan and the gods.Every family has a shaman deals with sacrifice, in addition to pray, offering obo (a) mountain, even with magic cure, at the appointed time to kill cattle, sheep, as well as many food thrown in.Such as creme, cream and various kinds of pastries, today worship is rare.

Most of daur belief in polytheism, worship the god, the god, god, the god of wealth, face, etc.Due to various cultural convergence daur living in our country and the transition zone, together with their unique history and culture change, thus forming the characteristics of their social and cultural diversity.The material life of daur, national culture and tradition, it is this kind of agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery, hunting the characteristics of a variety of culture compatibility.

The daur national holiday

The main holiday isThe Spring Festival.Daur called the Spring Festival "nie", is the most grand festival in a year, in the festival are dressed, door-to-door, happy New Year, the women give each other presents.Before the Chinese New Year every family to be fully prepared, swine, rice cakes.Thirty with all sorts of sundry code up a crib, lit at night, and the elderly to cut large pieces of meat and dumplings into the fire, greeting people and prosperity, thirtyEat dumplingsSome want to be in a dumpling put a white line, means to eat the dumpling people can live longer, a two hundred - year - old;Some copper is put in a dumplings, eat the person means no shortage of money in the future.Start at the beginning of New Year, happy New Year, an enter a door will open the host family pot rob rice cakes, intimacy, and then I eat pig life of the child, hand the meat, women to gift each other, between present tobacco, creme, pastries, and cold meat, the Spring Festival have been to 16.

"The 16th day as" black ash, the black ash, on this day, between people, especially among young people to smear into each other's face, think that the more black, the New Year, the geely.Daur alsoThe Mid-Autumn festivalAnd eat moon cakes.

Daur marriage customs

Daur monogamous marriage, abide by the principle of clan outside marriage system.

The daur concluded exquisite suitable social relationships and family, family circumstances, reputation is an important factor to consider.Two of the original friendship associationTo get marriedMarriage plays a very important role.In accordance with the daur past customs and habits, generally not intermarry with the target (national) people, especially the girl to marry to outside people.Young men and women after engagement, the man to send her home horses, cows, sheep and wine, referred to as a "gift".This day the girl will hide, see the fiance.One month before the wedding, the man also sent a small gift, gift mainly clothing, content, unmarried couples can meet at this moment, and together for "larry" and liner.Get married to buy booze, food and dishes must be good, especially in the wedding party, if met pedestrians along the way, whether or not to know each other, can be a share meat and dessert wine.After the wedding ceremony, the host to fry An nose and hands the meat fine dishes such as hospitality.

Of daur in the old society, the feudal marriage, marriage arranged parents and elder family, seeing the bridegroom off a train, ride horses, the bride in a van, driving by her brother or cousin brother, the son-in-law lead horse in return.At present, the feudal moral idea has long for the freedom of marriage, the equality between men and women, replaced by new customs such as marriage, Jane do.

Daur eating habits

Daur mainly lived in northern China's Inner Mongolia autonomous region and heilongjiang province, a few live in northwest China's xinjiang tacheng prefecture county.Daur "meaning" pioneer ".Give priority to with hunting and farming, fishery is developed.

Daur staple food to rice (bada), cake (sixth figure mo), porridge (xing er bada), total every meal with meat and raw vegetables.Rice flour than, give priority to with rice.Living in heilongjiang north shore, meat was once one of the staple food.Migration since the nen river valley, reduce the meat, vegetables increased, grain gradually becomes the only staple food.As a wide variety, rich nutrition, speck.

With wild animals for meat in the past, roe deer, deer, elk, wild boar, antelope and dragons, grouse, pheasant and so on.Along with the hunting reduce, domesticated pigs, cattle and sheep, chicken became the staple meat.The daur favorite eat hand put the meat and white meat.

Oatmeal is called "flower Lin Po", oatmeal with roe deer meat or milk is called "flower Lin Po sparda".The daur people especially old people love to eat a meal.

Stir-fry oat flour is called "hargreaves";Stir-fry after crushed into pieces called "xin le".Hargreaves and xin, often mixed with sugar, butter and milk.Because hargreaves and xin le hungry resistance is strong, dry, easy to carry, was welcomed by hunters, rafting, farmers.

Millet son called "AoSi mo", the corn millet (mans gorer mo) Hu cooked kang dry milling.Millet son of rice is a traditional daur people most like to eat rice, the yellow circle son, as each gold beads.Do millet son of steaming rice rice, usually love mixing kidney bean;Fresh, yoghurt eat without bubble, bubble carp soup;Sometimes do milk directly millet rice porridge to eat, called "Sue to Richmond.

Millet son processing in POTS Hu before, unreservedly into rice husks nutrition element, reducing the loss of the vitamin in the rice milling process, saved more carbohydrates, protein, inorganic salt and vitamin;Thus a fragrance, taste the milling process is not easy to be broken, improved the milled rice rate.Pan Hu also destroys the enzyme millet, kills pests, and millet rice save time than other meters long.

Corn millet Hu rice birdcall that comes directly, without the pan of daur language ", "Mr. Hickey said.Mr. Hickey mo beige pale, like burging jade beads.When use it to cook, also with kidney beans.Fresh, ripe eat bubble beast broth or milk, yogurt.

Mr. Hickey mo can do thick porridge - Mr. Hickey mora le, mix the butter and sugar to eat.

"Watts hot le le", is the first three days with Mr. Hickey mo calve dairy made of high quality milk.Notice when eating this mo kun (name) family, choose a representative, bagging a bowl spoon to get taste;Even if scattered adjacent chariot this mo of kunduz, notified to riding a horse came also;Because it is a symbol of daur people elder brother's internal unity, a total of one of the ancient pathologies.Now is not the best elder brother mo, but also should inform neighbors to sample.Lara usually not only to eat, every will eat every day.

Daur used to three meals during the rural busy season the solar eclipse, two meals in the solar eclipse.In the past the main planting millet, buckwheat, oats, barley, Perilla and other crops, and food as staple food.Staple food is given priority to with millet son of rice and buckwheat.Millet son has two kinds of processing methods, it is grinding after cooking, the millet son of baked into meters, used for rice and fresh milk porridge, is the most often eat staple food daur;2 it is not after cooking and milled millet rice, can do nothing, but used to make milk thick porridge.Daur also use after cooking from buckwheat, oats and barley do rice and porridge, eat when will mix with fresh, yoghurt, or a hare, roe deer, birds broth.Made of buckwheat meters or oat meters roe deer meat porridge, daur is the old man likes food.In the 20th century, millet and corn (m +) has become the staple food of daur, the Spring Festival are also beginning to make rice cakes.