The tuCustoms and habitsTu holiday information and clothing characteristics

Tu nationality is one of the population less nationalities in China, has a population of nearly 200000.Are mainly distributed in mutual minority autonomous county, minhe hui minority autonomous county in qinghai province, datong hui minority autonomous county, tongren prefecture Tibetan autonomous prefecture, county and village, part of the diaspora Yu Haibei MenYuan county and hercynian Mongolian Tibetan autonomous prefecture of Tibetan autonomous prefecture and other places;There are more than 20000 people live in day wish Tibetan autonomous county, gansu province, lu su yongdeng county, lanzhou city, south yugur autonomous county of linxia hui autonomous prefecture JiShiShan preservation dongxiang salar autonomous county and zhuoni in gannan Tibetan autonomous region and other regions.The minority in qinghai province accounts for about 85% of the national minority population.

Minority national history

Tu nationality and the Mongolian has a close relationship.In mutual minority, widely circulated at ancestors came from the mongols, and genghis khan to day, (hot) effort to stay today in huzhu county area, with the local hall after marriage, procreation and the legend of the tus.The two communities in the past, the lattice, as the people to worship the ancestors.

Chinese history books have genghis khan and his Mongol armies have to xining region.Mutual XianShu xining state at the time, but with the legend.Stability of Ming dynasty who mongols attacked, move mutual minority autonomous county so far.As for the hall, the original is to live in northern Tibet and Tibet Tibetan nomads areas north of a general.Modern Tibetan history was used to refer to huihe or Mongolia, has specifically to tu.Huzhu county district, county, or of the chariot, auspicious, He Erchuan, named living legends because the hall of people.According to research, tu the fabled hall people are likely to be only one.This has to do with the two communities within the territory of about claim to be "soil" (sound muddy vomit).The word is, of course, some people think that hall will Chinese writing.From spitting muddy, xixia, qidan, Mongolia and the xiongnu tribe invitation which, is in a period of resistance and Mongolia is the main part.This pushed the minority ethnic source back to the earlier period.But tend to be more unified understanding is: only in the history of the human body, absorbed in the later part of qiang, the tangut, Tibetan, Mongolian, han and other ethnic composition form.

Tu's eating habits

Tu eating habits and characteristics of agriculture primarily engaged in animal husbandry production are closely related.Daily staple food is given priority to with highland barley, wheat.Vegetables are less, basically have turnip, cabbage, onion, garlic, lettuce and so on more than 10 species, usually eat sour pickled cabbage, complementary with meat.Love to drink tea with milk, eat oil sand.Will do all sorts of figure Fried food festival festival, and clutching meat (pork), hand grasping mutton.Men like drinking, most people home-brewed barley wine.Diet health also is very exquisite: when to take each have a fixed bowl, chopsticks, treatHave a mealIs also a per person.

Tu nationality mainly live in northwest China's qinghai province, between the two communities is given priority to with agriculture, engaged in animal husbandry, especially skilled in goats.Thus formed the unique style of food culture.

Tu diet have a direct relationship with production.Pastoral areas is staple food with meat, dairy products, agricultural area is given priority to with highland barley, buckwheat, potato, like to eat butter Fried noodles, Fried buns, clutching meat, hand grasping mutton, stack call day, current, power, dumpling,  j pan, etc.Love singing milk tea, drink homemade barley wine, dialect called "mo".

Tu generally used to three meals a solar eclipse, breakfast is simpler, mostly with boiled potato or zanba as staple food;Lunch is rich, have a meal with food, staple food for pasta, often made pancakes, rolls or bumps, dry food to eat;Dinner,To eat noodlesRest or another, face the gunk, etc.

Daily dishes with meat, dairy products, is the local hand grasping mutton is one of the best hospitality and food festival.Folk there are quite a few local special local product as the original ingredients to make food, which is typical flavor food such as;Ha, pile force sea day, essential kernel yao, dumpling, etc.

The stack of shout,

"Stack of shout," are the two communities guests characteristic food.In wheat flour and oil, salt water, make it round cakes, baked into the stove, taste crispy and delicious.The two communities to entertain guests, on the table to put a butter sculpture chow mein box, carry on a dish of fat, put on a pair of five inches long knives, hip flask tie and a pinch of pastoral wool, this is the most respected master for guests to entertain.

The two communities have traditional dietetic hygiene habits, each have a fixed bowl chopsticks while eating, a dinner party is also a, each points to eat, so sick, spread, also appears civilization and health.

The two communities are very hospitable, especially having guests, even if it is passed or to stay guests would receive warm hospitality.Local there is a common saying says: "guest coming, blessing come".Banquet, usually the host and guests to drink three cups of wine.The guest to the front of the master host to three cups of wine, called "rimmon three cups of wine";Guests sitting on the kang master three glasses of wine, called "the three cups of wine";After the feast, to respect the guests three glasses of wine.Don'tdrinkingPeople also need not fear, as long as the guest with middle finger dipped in wine, three times in front of the air can not drink, can be seen between the two communities are very respect the wishes of the guests.

As well as the local Tibetan daily drink, like drinking tea, tea, eight also particularly like drinking mo flow of barley wine, mo flow wine degree is low (about 30 degrees or so), fresh, soft, tasty, every family all can be brewed, when made of traditional Chinese medicines are used to add a named notopterygium, drink taste slightly astringent, a hash table is cold, wind to wet effect.In addition to mo flow wine, liquor and mutual aid, such as mutual head, mutual tequ, mutual daqu, highland barley, etc.

Tu many festival special diet, such as: in the pastThe Spring FestivalSteamed steamed rolls, steamed bread, Fried cake, etc.DuanYangJie do cold noodles, bean jelly;The Mid-Autumn festivalMake multilayer big moon cake (similar big steamed buns).The first of OctoberEat dumplingsAreas inhabited by the xi made "stir" eat peas surface, December 23 night made of white small bread, even in a small cake carved on the diamond pattern, grass and straw weave a horse, is dedicated to the people.

The customs of marriage in tu

Tu, wedding to ridiculous young people are talkative, good, we call them "Nash gold".Please prepared the previous night, the man home two "Nash" will bring gifts and give the bride's costume jewelry, prepared to go to take a ewes.They will suffer very warm welcome to the family generally, but the popular method is very special."Nash gold" to the woman home, the first thing to my girlfriends and bride partition door song, only one answer on the question of the girls, girls will only open the door.But when they went into the bride's side doors, girls with a bucket and a bucket of cold water over them.At this time, her elders will say: the "honored guest to quickly meet, girls don't water!"Is suggested that began to pour water, more water.If "Nash" hide, they would shout, "Nash gold to xx places, young people don't want to the water!""Gold" Nash fled upstairs, and they will shout: "guest upstairs, don't splash upstairs."Is actually directed everyone splashing water.Even if get wet, "Nash gold" like "the water", also can't angry.Girl tease enough, will ask them to change clothes come to the table.The two communities that water spilt wed, is welcome for them, in order to bless the couple.

Minority religious beliefs

Minority residents original belief in polytheism, also there are some people who believe in Taoism.After the yuan, Ming is generally believed in lamaism, but folk beliefs still exist.Minority region lamaism temple more than 40 seats, notably on ning temple, guang hui temple, etc.Made a number of name on ning temple monks, such as the zhangjia, soil, loose fabric, influential.Temple occupies lots of land, huzhu county 15 temple occupies land of 69200 mu.Temple is minority cultural center.The development of buddhist culture and made important contributions.Tu nationality ancients only in liaodong, believed in shamanism.In the two communities life still can see the relique of shamanism.The main religious activities: offering aobao, white tiger, optional god sheep, etc.The late 8th century bon passed in minority areas, the 14th century tends to decline.Now only in the mutual aid, chase and other regions of some minority village, a small amount of bon clergy.