Preservation of theCustoms and habitsPreservation of the holiday information and characteristics of the clothing

According to the literature, Ming hongwu (1400), four years in tongren county of qinghai province today preserved city of xishan have built fort preservation."Security" is the name for the family name.Generally think the family is the yuan and Ming dynasties is a Mongolian mainly Muslim, in the long history of development, absorb a part of the hui, Tibetan, tu, and gradually formed.Others think preservation group in sichuan, shaanxi and other places to qinghai tongren area "and" people give priority to development.They had to form in the reclamation ranch in colleague long service in the river on both sides.Long-term with the local dongxiang, Sarah, such as communication, marriage, and gradually form development for preservation.

Late Ming dynasty, security and social development, population increase, then save the city "came back" more than hundred, outside are four chariot, for homes, ruled by the soil dry.Yongzheng seven years (1729) soil object well against the qing dynasty, wang chuanshan YueZhongQi governor sent the army into the suppression, fort will preserve the original offering "times" severance, change the "total", belong to xining town governance.Qianlong twenty-seven years (1762) and subordinate xunhua camp, be governed by the lanzhou mansion.Early years of the development, preservation due to local lamaism prosperous business temple feudal oppression, was forced to move east.After several years living in xunhua, first turn migration today under the gansu JiShiShan DaHeJia, liu set to settle down, they live in big mound, high GanMei, li village, are used to known as "security governance".From the late qing dynasty to the period of the republic of China has been in local warlords Ma Anliang, under par, etc.Since 1930, the kuomintang government to implement the whole system, will the area is divided into "two protect".

Preservation of food

Preservation of the diet mainly wheat, barley and corn, made of steamed bread, noodles, incense, sanzi, etc;Meat eat sheep, beef, only diet blood and non-ruminant animals such as pigs, horses, donkeys of flesh and blood, and fierce poultry beast of prey.

Preservation of diet are wheat, barley, beans, corn, potato, buckwheat, hu wheat, barley, beef and mutton, milk, eggs and fish;Vegetables, only eat benne, leek to wait for a few kinds.Love: hot and sour, meal from old vinegar (or water) and oil chili sauce.Preserve the nation's staple food focus on flour products, often eat steamed bread, steamed rolls, pancakes, dumplings, noodles in soup, SaoZi face, sanzi, cold noodles, plasma surface, Fried meat noodles, knead gluten, stir group, etc.

Preservation group has some distinctive diet custom in hospitality.Have a guest come from afar, is hospitality.Guests home, the first thing to let our guests to gate (i.e., kang takes a seat on the left), then, apex tea, on food.Before dinner, in accordance with the security rules, must recite by an older man or domestic host a Koran, thank god to give us food.Before start work fervently, if it is steamed buns, staple food such as bread, must first break by the master, and then, the guest to feeding.Otherwise, is considered to be don't know the rules.General is three meals on a meal, the first is the pie or steamed bread, the second is a hand to grasp lamb or chicken, is the last meal of refined filaments noodles.If the guest, the host with the chicken pointed to entertain, to show respect.If the guest is male, and young women is can't literally appeared in front of men, always in the kitchen busy cooking for the guest or rest, go to entertain people out.

The preservation of religious belief

Save peoples have long belief Islam, belong to the sunni, inside there are the old teach, protestant.As to when Islam was introduced into preservation area, the family is uncertain, according to the literature, among the Ming preservation has had an islamist.But in preservation areas generally accepted Islam, is in the qing emperor kangxi years.Under the old teaching points several tribes, of the tribe of the children of the two major (order) : high cliff head of Islam menhuan and zhao door house.This order system is essentially a religious system of feudal privileges.Islam spread in preservation areas, especially in Islam within each order by means of political and patriarchal clan control, religion is not only to save peoples social psychological and spiritual life, and to preserve family history, politics, economy and culture had a profound effect and influence all aspects.

There are five aspects: the basic beliefs

1.Faith "Allah" (Allah) :Think "Allah" is the only god, no believers can "master" the object, that is, on the object of faith, not by any other gods with Allah.But the word "Allah" and no specific image.In Islam, the language, the word "Allah" is "no like, no how, so no sample, and have not created the only master of the universe".

2,Faith "fairy" :Islam believes that "fairy" is for "Allah" beck and call of ministers, lot number, different position.

3,Faith "classic" :Thinks "Allah" for each "choose" drop has a classic book, the Koran mentions of the classic is essential, "darfur" (i.e. the Koran), "poem" (that is, the old testament), "le" (that is, "the new testament") and "Boolean" (that is, the biblical psalms) of wood, and to acknowledge the four classic, referred to as the "classic".But is considered to fall since the "Allah" is true through the Koran.

4,Faith "messenger" :Islam believes that since people progenitor "Dan", "Allah" sent a lot of "angel" or "prophet" "right" to human transmission, muhammad is the messenger of the last, also called "the sage of the seal"

5, faith: after the death of resurrection and judgement as well as other religions, Islam has a before and after the death of "two worlds", but in slightly different words and details.

To preserve the family important festivals

Preservation of the festival, in addition toThe Spring FestivalA few traditional festivals, such as almost all of the festivals belongs to Islam religious festivals, such as "hari raya", "eid al-adha", "SAN ji festival" and so on.

Preservation of the festival there are mainly two types, one is a religious holiday, one kind is the traditional festival, actually preserve family of many traditional festivals also with some religious color, originally is a religious holiday, due to the evolution of history, has now become the nation's traditional festival.These festivals are mainly large, section, section, section, SAN ji, the wheat, sea mountains, etc.In addition, save peoples "Spring Festival" (commonly known as "day"), and this is mainly influenced by the han nationality, the han nationality is a traditional festival.

Big's section

", "is the Arabic transliteration, is the meaning of" return and joy festival ", also called "hari raya", "id al fitr", is the islamic religious holiday.In accordance with the provisions of Islam, every year in September each year, christians to fasting for 30 days, or one month.During Ramadan, muslims before dawn every day to eat breakfast, and then they do not eat all day long, even can't drink water, only the sun, is thanks to eat after dinner.That is to say, in Ramadan, muslims just before sunrise and sunset every day to eat two meals.Fasting is christians will be done "mandate of heaven" homework, symbol of the inner guilt muslims to Allah and sin, repentance to christians be able to endure hunger, suburban abstinence, fear the Lord, to obey the law.Obama after, festival, festival morning preservation of men after bathing, collective church into the mosque.During the festival, to save the men and women, old and young, wear new clothes to extend holiday greetings to each other.First families have Fried incense, sanzi, blended and other festive food.Small, section: also called "eid al-adha," "eid", is the introduction of Islam preservation gradually formed after the people, the family is carried out in accordance with the method of each festival, it 70 days after the id al fitr, known as the Gregorian one of the New Year, also known as large sections, than id al fitr.Legend has it the prophet in Islam mahdi ibrahim dream of Allah, Allah ordered him to kill his son, in order to test his loyalty to Allah, his dictation.Deeply impressed when mahdi ibrahim ready to execute, Allah, special sent a black sheep instead.Islam, according to the regulations of this legend, each year on December 10, the slaughter of livestock, worship Allah.First, every family will clean up, every family to prepare Fried fruit, cake and all kinds of snacks, wealthy family slaughtered sheep, and slaughter cattle or kill camels, hospitality or gift.Holiday morning, Muslim men to bath, change clothes to the mosque, and "the Koran" imam explained doctrine.Returned home to wash your hands immediately and slaughter cattle.During the festival, young and old men and women in festival costumes, dearly adjacent, congratulations on holiday.

SAN ji section

Is in memory of Islam Mohammed, founder of the anniversary of the birth and death, in held each year on March 12, according to legend muhammad's birth and death in each year on March 12.During the festival, ethnic preservation are slaughtered cattle, sheep, and slaughter of mosques decorated, people early in the morning to go to the mosque to imam recitation of the Koran, praises muhammad muhammad's life story.Ha its wheat section: places such as gansu linxia save traditional JiQing festival, Islam each year in September each year to choose a good day.From Islam muhammad's daughter, its founder and aliTo get married, ali was very poor, ha its wheat crying sadly to tell father while Mohammed patiently enlighten daughter said: "in life, you feel contented. You should, have this family, you should thank god.", the wheat after hearing, unto, happily married ali, preservation of ha its wheat festival in honor of her moral character.During the festival, every family to slaughter cattle and sheep, prepare the chicken and everything to the temples scattered and muslims should go to the temple to chant buddhist scripture.The day of the memorial activities are presided over by the women.

Sea mountain section

Save peoples especially like sea mountains, in a year in late may to early June, people need to take the above, oil, meat, pot, tents, etc., to the river, slope or the slope go for an outing, a lot of good times a day in the wild life.Save the known as "sea mountain".

Preservation of national wedding

Save wedding is very interesting, the family wedding selection in prayer (Friday).Wedding day by the male rate of dozens of people and family to marry the bride wedding team, which will have two beautiful young women to participate in, the blessing ceremony, the bride's side, the imam to out of the window to the college, and a plate of red jujube and walnuts, young people competing for the hospital, luck, early birth, said couples harmony.Then the bride the young people in the village to the groom, begging for "slave labor wood ha", namely the lamb, aims to explain to the groom: you marry our village girl, is to pay a price.When the woman seeing the bridegroom off team to send the bride home, let the bride from his own gone back out of the door to door, step back, and a pair of naked oats, beans, corn, tea and so on synthesis of eight five-color food, to show his happiness to their parents.On their wedding night, the whole village gathered to sing the song "banquet" in the home, ask answer, very lively.Sang sang, people will jump up feelings of joy is bold and unrestrained dance, and dance while to the gate, said the wedding is nearing an end.The bride after taking the door, 3, not to eat the bread of husband's family by the bride's family to send, in does not forget the parents' support.

Preservation of monogamous, early marriage before phenomenon is relatively common, usually male 17 years old, female 15 years old can marry, marriage arranged by parents, the matchmaker about, early marriage phenomenon now has a certain improvement, but the media engagement custom still prevails.Is generally by the man please matchmaker act as matchmaker first, followed by XiaPin, endeavoured, finally get married.Lobola is various, each have larger, specialty tea (GanLi) a, is low to 50 to one hundred yuan, and so on.Wedding mostly choice in each "prayer" (Friday), or three, six, nine held in a single day, the morning consists of the groom led dozens of people set out, holding prix red wounded horse to the bride's family wedding.Said to the bride's family, the first by the bride's side "color pair eyes" (greetings greeting "), then the wedding blessing ceremony, and walnut, red dates, all our guests to ask for a copy of said family prosperity, red xi rimmon, a husband and wife get along with, as well as imam please read "monica ha" (the Koran in the wedding testimony).The young man then the bride of village and the bride's family friends and relatives to the wedding guests ask for "slave labor wood ha money", security is the meaning of "lamb" money, and will marry your guests to the courts, to the face daub pot black, congratulations.Afterwards, the bride's family part of young people with escort the guest to the groom's family, and TuGuo black congratulations to the groom's father face.At the same time, also give the groom's father carried back to the bride's side, to the courts, please sit quietly and at this point, the father of the bride to meet out to say hello, and knelt in front of the groom's father's and ask for forgiveness "teaching and lax," climb on the ground to show to stricken.The groom's father's house and immediately picked up a banquet next to put good whipstock in advance, retype it after 20 under back away from the bride's side.When the bride home to shower behind five-color grain, said it would happiness for parents, to repay parents' support.The bride arrived at the man of the house, the groom's relatives and the village of the boys stopped the horse don't let the door.At this moment, the bride's seeing the bridegroom off team must hold the bride burst into the door and into a new home.At this point, the front road firecrackers exploded, the groom also stand in the gate the roof blasting, said eliminate evil from evil, good lucky for you.The bride, after three days do not eat family meals, sent by the bride's family, said parents concern for her daughter.

Preservation of the banquet is abundant, is more exquisite.The banquet on the first is with some rock sugar, longan,grapesThree fort GaiWanCha, dried apricots, tea, then, on the rock sugar, walnuts, grapes, fruit, seeds, dried apricots, peanuts, and then are sanzi, blended, sugar packets, meat buns, steamed rolls, stewed food, is the last served "eight bowl", "one pot".Groom in every dish, the groom is by seats to the guests "color blue eyes", in order to show the man home to the respect of the family.Before liberation, the security in the family, the family masculine ideology dominant, women's subordinate status in the family, ruled by man.Have an uneasy if husband and wife, men can be arbitrary, filed for divorce but women do not have the right to put forward a divorce.After the divorce, women can remarry, commonly known as "married by parents, before they marry" by itself.Women without inheritance.Male die childless, widow remarried, property owned by relatives.After the liberation, save marriage free men and women.