The jinoCustoms and habitsJino holiday information and clothing characteristics

Jino people claim to be "gino", meaning "uncle" or "dear uncle nation".Mainly distributed in the yunnan xishuangbanna dai national minority autonomous prefecture jinghong county JiNuo Township, the rest scattered in JiNuo Township mountain neighbourhood.Mainly engaged in agriculture, is good at kinds of tea.Using keno language, belongs to the sino-tibetan language family yi dialects.

The history of jing

The jino history of han literature in qing dynasty.According to the test, because JiNuoShan abounds in puer tea, Ming not han Chinese businessmen entered at the beginning of the qing dynasty, promotion of tea tea production technology, has a positive impact on social development of jino.Qing yongzheng seven years (1729 years), the qing dynasty in TongZhi JiNuoShan department soil village set up the city built brick, with "five hundred" soldiers "ma bu" or horse stance just look.But six years later, due to malaria badly cut, appointed leader jino togeher the Promised Land, management JiNuoShan area.Has been in place before the qing dynasty, dai tusi of JiNuoShan rule, legend has it that the dai called piece of collar had BaiRen jino elders of the village of the department of soil of andie, also had a jino beauty as a wife, and gave birth to a son, then called the child when the collar.Dai tusi in jino villages named a beep, Zha, first class heads at the grassroots level and also before and after the mid-levels, appointed two gold umbrella big beep, all thanks to gold umbrella, Mang gong pair, chain.Every year the two big beep in gold under the umbrella of a cover, the handheld chains, sword and year surrounded by his entourage, cruise the jino villages, to promote the dai called led the ruling authority.During the period of the republic of China, local governments in JiNuoShan appointment of bao-jia system, the whole long combined with dai tusi appointed the tassili keno, main responsibility is for the local government worth geld.In November 1941 to April 1943, jino at the waist, under the leadership of cao yao, hani, brown, and han ethnic fighting, forcing local government of yunnan province county magistrate removed, and in the car without taxing JiNuoShan within 3 years.

Before 1949, jino was still in the stage of the late primitive society to class society crossing the stage, by the patriarchal clan system instead of the matriarchal clan system, and only about 300 years of history, at the beginning of the 21st century in the daily life of matriarchal clan commune relic is still quite a lot.As in the "new house" of grand ceremony, the first handheld torch lit fireplace's floor is a family's oldest women;In the idiom and the sacrifices of old words have "mother's parents the old adage";Only the mother shall have the right to kill chickens, "where is" sick children;Although the village elders is a male, but people are still used today matriarchal clan commune period of title "left m yucca", the village of grandma.

Replaced by patriarchal communes matriarchal commune, about 300 years of history.Mummified individual villages in the 1940 s, there are hundreds of large bamboo house, although the patriarchal family commune with humans, but separated each room of the family and individual economy, individual production and consumption, presents a patriarchal family commune at the end of the transition state.These primitive society is one of the characteristics of keno rural ancient monuments.

Jing's eating habits

At the feast the festival festival to eat "chop", which is on the raw meat mix salt seasoning and so on, hot pepper, ginger, mint, leeks, knead well with the hand, until the meat to knead into a white like cooked before eating.

Keno people accustomed to hunt the squirrel hanging on the edge of the fireplace in the bamboo house, with fireworks fume bake dried meat, make is not bad, all the year round slice cooked when eating soup, taste fresh and not greasy.

Jino favorite dish with acid unitary I fish.It is fresh fish washed off the scales and mix on rice, hot pepper, salt and heat, and into the bamboo tube, with a banana in TongKou, tighten, to be unitary ready after I cooked, it has special sour, taste delicious, is with rice dishes.

Eggs is jino xi nutrition food.Lunar three, four, may cut the ant package open, then use the mie dominant, a larger ant eggs steamed stuffed bun for seven or eight jin, eggs are generally have chopsticks head size, like the appearance of the bees, the nutrition is rich, can eat, eat boiled, Fried, steamed in the burning in the fireplace, or put on salt and hot pepper ground fine add water to make soup to drink.

Jing of marriage and family

Jino young love freedom, but young men and women must be held in the bar mitzvah, just fall in love of qualification.Young man, 16 years old young women 14 years old.After a bar mitzvah, but also from all parents, even at the same time of accepting a full set of tools from parents and adult clothing, embroidered with the moon flower emblem coat, embroidered with the moon and flowers badge and geometrical figure of tube.Jino three stages of relationship: the first stage, keno language called "float", that is the secret of talking about dating stage, this stage, each other gifts, such as women's betel nuts, flowers, man echo such as tobacco, elaborate upon a knife.The second phase, keno language called "the treasure", that is love from secret to open phase.This stage, give each other presents more, at this time of woman and man, man, is the most noble gift my mother gave women of meat, "a man kill chickens, in the homeKill pig, killing cows or hunt wild animals, the man's mother is going to choose a good meat fresh banana leaf package into square, let the son to his lover.In this period is the most important characteristics of night, "left" high activity and social interaction (men's and women's social public house), during which man live weaving bamboo sticks, girl embroidery textiles, or by each other.Woman can pass the stained with pear wood smoke fat of iron man, the man is careful with finger paint teeth.The third stage, keno language called "Barry", namely, living together.The man think the love between the two sides have reached the extent of cohabitation, can secretly tell her directly, after the consent of the woman, to live together, even after living together, men's to the bride's side, such as door to door without half and the woman shall not be any break in.Together, the man is before dawn should leave the bride's side.After a period of cohabitation, when the two sides should think of a family, the man that is in the morning to carry water, sweep the floor, the family is said to the woman's parents also declared to the world, he is married with the girl.Soon, the man's parents and witnesses and their relatives and friends.Wedding day, the bride must, before the arrival of escort team went into hiding.At the appointed time by the mother's uncle and brother find to escort team.On our way to the groom's family, but also the stigmatise ceremony, the young man spilled water on the bride, bride and this is the original lover, and cohabitation of the young men, including the blood clan of partners (jino many villages allow blood clan in love and live together, but the official is prohibitedTo get married).Because she wanted to her husband's life, separated from partners, stigmatise is revenge for her.

The bride and groom to the groom's family, the mother sent a brideeggsIn her hands tied a red line, around 3 laps, the groom's father gave her a chicken feet, and in her hand tied red lines.Meaning not only bind the girl's heart, even to the way the soul.Village elders "ZhuoSheng", "zhuo ba" also came to congratulate.peopledrinkingGino dance, singing, and on the drum, the sun in pleasure, to celebrate the couple were married.Wedding day, the bride can't go out, the second day early morning, the bride back home water burn well water washing a face, in-laws, please wash your face, and formally call their father o lady.Man after marriage will still be able to "flee" girls and women after marriage is generally not to take part in social activities.Divorce phenomenon seldom.

Jing religious beliefs

Jino past prevalent ancestor worship, I believe that all things have spirit.Wizard has two kinds, one is "cloth la package", a "PI".In case of disaster, the wizard, please kill cows, pigs, chicken, dog the ghosts and gods.Wizards are simple technique, and cursive."Zhuo ba", "ZhuoSheng" (village elders) presided over a major ritual activities, often Piao cattle ceremony.Jino festival very much, basically have "sacrifice I (dragon)", "torch festival", "hanis living rent" New Year's day.Chinese New Year time is not fixed, usually determined by the "zhuo ba", "ZhuoSheng", as "zhuo ba" rolling ring "(drums), means the coming of the new era, QuanZhai all ages, sexes and flush into" zhuo ba ", "ZhuoSheng" home next to the song and dancing, celebrating the New Year.

Jino has a population of more than 18000 people, mainly living in jinghong city JiNuoShan area, the rest scattered in jinghong and menghai some places.

Jino respect elders, every village has a father (village) "zhuo ba", a "ZhuoSheng" (walled mother) management of village affairs.

Jino people worshipped the sun, on the vest of keno people, embroidered with the pattern of the sun, can distinguish the villages of the main accessories jujube backpack, also embroidered with the pattern of the sun.The sun drum is one of the important multiplier jino, encouraging is the most representative dance jino.Positive as round the sun, the sun drum drum and have 17 woodwind, symbol of the sun's rays, keno people knock on New Year's eve, is said to bring good luck.People from all aspects of life, reflect the devotion and worship of the sun.

Jing festival

Jino most grand festival is Chinese New Year, aroundThe Spring FestivalBefore and after.

While the iron is hot day

Keno language called "hair cutting", is the most grand festival, jino generally held every year the lunar December, lasted three days.Holiday to Piao cattle ceremony on the first day morning, afternoon in the stockaded village elders ring cowhide drum, people can't help with the drums dance around the drum dance, rough, this is keno people celebrating the harvest "" the sun drum dance.The sun drum is the most sacred jino phenomena and Musical Instruments, there are two sides to every village general, points the drum and the drum.They see the sun drum as a symbol of divine incarnation and villages.Worship the sun drum, the purpose is hope it can bless QuanZhai prosperous, good harvest.

Hanis living

Also known as "new".Set up lunar calendar, the grain is ripe, jino people from the fields to collect some new vegetables and beans, millet, to kill a few chickens, please relatives and friends to the house to taste new rice, wine, fresh meat, green vegetables, some ceremony at the same time.People ate and sing happy songs often pulls all-nighters.

Lloyds g festival

Jino traditional festival, held in February 8th June solstice, in addition to kill pigs and sheep, and slaughter people drink, but also rich and colorful folk sports activities, playing the drums, singing and dancing, the night.

Torch festival

At the age of jino traditional festival.Every year the lunar June date.First, by zhuo father (village), ZhuoSheng mother (village) cut down a pine, dispatch some people up the hill to cut branches set up in the village square highThe fireThe.Day QuanZhai people stop tax, the ceremonial dress, old and young men and women a housewife, busy preparing for the holiday dinner, relatives and friends to visit each other.At night, in the Great Wall of the forest, the people gathered around the torches, after being zhuo and pray to the torches, people likes singing and dancing, the old people will drink.Young men and women is gong, elephant-foot drum and three co-authors, and encouraging, until the night.

Bar mitzvah

Jino on traditional holiday.Jino young men and women think before the age of 15, 6, mentally and physically immature, cannot enjoy the commune members to undertake and the obligations and rights, shall not be casually go out at night, and prohibit to fall in love, the fields work is only half a labor.Only until the age of 15, 6, held a bar mitzvah, they didn't qualify as members of the village official, will fall in love.Bar mitzvah usually new ceremony held in the village.Some villages to surprise attack going to have a bar mitzvah of the young men of capture.New homes on that day, the young men to arrange some of the young men to ambush at work or on the way, behind the house take it unprepared attack suddenly, and then he held hostage to the bridal chamber of bamboo building, with everyone together to eat and drink, new people to give him a toast, on the owner of the new homes for he wrapped a banana into three square piece of beef.Said he accepted the meat, willing to participate in "around the test" (keno language).Raid aim is to make he got caught in a sudden fear, increase to accept "bar mitzvah" mystery, make the gift ceremony in a lifetime unforgettable impression.To participate in the next day, "round" on the exam of parents to send him to a full range of tools and copper boxes of betel nut, boxes of lime and the new suit for the moon back embroidery pattern, embroidered the barrel of the geometric patterns, turban, foot cloth, etc.In the bridal chamber of the ceremony, the elders with everyone singing epic, singing the traditional social life habit of laws and regulations, production process and ancient life, also to accept the bar mitzvah national traditional education.

Young woman held a "half-baked" is generally not after suddenly catch ceremony, as long as by female youth organizations (keno language called "test") approval, but parents also to donative tools and clothing.When a girl dress color is more bright-coloured, some apron is two layers, a DuBian hair style also changed.

To participate in "bar mitzvah" is a major turning point in life, from then on, they became a formal member of the village, and to all sorts of social obligations.They want to join the social organization, young men and women to meet each other, namely "exam" and "m" on the exam.Young men to patrol the safeguard security of village regulations and stockade, dispute resolution, to education and punishment of illegal people, and they can enjoy all the rights of members of the village, fall in love of qualification obtained.