Eight first-name basis kill without forgiveness - name and taboos

More than half A century ago, the famous American folklore home A, s. cover hitt has said such A words: "many legends behind the history of national saving does not exceed one hundred.For one simple reason: when it comes to the dead and their behavior is prohibited a first-name basis, and violators shall be put to death, even it is enough to hide a nation inside knowledge of all history, because of, don't let people write the person's name, how can we write history?!"

According to Mr. A. s.Name taboo as the culprit, cut off the historical legends roots, then, the taboo of names what is going on?Why do you want to on line names to ban?Taboo names to the history of literature, history and language civilization on how to control valve?This chapter will discuss these problems.

Name taboo is closely related to people worship, totem names and other such superstitions, religion, philosophy, the ancients read the name very mysterious, thought represented by a name and it is not only between people or things touch on the ideological concept, but also has the real physical contact. Name is the body of the fan, tightly combined with soul and indivisible, and malicious people will through the name witchcraft curse opponents, like damage to the body of the damage effect.Many tribes from the Atlantic to the Pacific, still have the belief, and the resulting many hide and change the name of strange rules.

These "strange" is about the taboo of names.Here I am on a personal name, family name, the name, the king, and the name of god the taboo of five aspects to carry out such analysis.

The first is the taboo of personal name, the class was divided into two kinds, one kind is the oneself can not help people, not casually speak out their own name, others said, but just as well;One is the name everyone banned, who can't expose themselves or others name.

In the east Indies, nobody is willing to speak out your name, if I have your name, yi knuckles ask residents, the answer is often ask others to skirt around.Even in the administrative and legal affairs, asked the name of the person also please others.To this practice, American anthropologist Fraser made this explanation: "the people in these undeveloped national point of view, a person from his mouth his own name, is from own spit out a part of themselves, if get into the habit of excess to boast about their name, will spit up their energy, ruined their own health, eventually end up weak physique, disease win thin.If a name by others say, however, was not flesh and blood related linked with yourself. Not caused any harm."Chile tribal people, had been taught these ideas, so it is believed that, if his own name, will not be able to grow up, the figure is always so short.

Strive to make others don't know their real name, is the most primitive tribe happen to coincide the tacit understanding.In Australia and some of the tribes, in addition to the name of the public, and everyone has a secret or holy name, only use it in a very solemn moment, usually never mention it, otherwise, let hostile stranger know "can use magic to suffer more."Here, the name of the public often is a person's nickname, do not belong to a part of his body, feel free to use and can rest assured bold to tell someone.A similar situation in southern wu qian da di also exist, they go out to war fighters are birds cried day, in the same way, the Congo before and after the course gallas in fishing, both male and female, old and young, all has been dubbed the "weil" title, as to the real name, is secretive.

The disable of personal name, to those who are full of curiosity is undoubtedly a stimulus, and for those who have ulterior motives, name is a kind of persecution of the most powerful tool of others, of course, those who have enlightenment human burden of people, can also use it for his own business services., phil people convinced that the name of magic, and the name of the surgery as a surgery to himself a kind of measure that has the same effectiveness, after they get the name of the young thieves, to boil potion Shouting the name, then cover the lid, let the thief's name in the pot the water soak for a few days, so, don't need the thief I know I can achieve the effect of transforming their conduct.If this is, of course, superstitious, so, today's legal institutions, I'm afraid I have to establish a medicinal materials and ceramic warehouse.

The second kind is a relative name taboo.This kind of taboos in certain parts of the domestic inland remains remnants, in foreign countries are located in some coastal beaches or islands of oceanic climate control.Those who have the blood relationship is especially by marriage of people refuse to tell each other's name, and its name is similar or even have a same syllable word also banned.Kefir women may not openly or your husband and his brother's birth, can only use other words instead of, because there is no any rules can prove that replace word formation trajectory, and those words and much more special, bitchA womanNumber and the number, and even of the same ethnic women are not allowed to use others used alternative word, must find another new word, thus form a disorganized in kefir women special vocabulary, known as "women's language".The language to future generations of linguists in blindly hard to wait on ecstasy, they enrich the language of kefir people warehouse, but the offspring from the library is a mass of chaos entanglements.

Similarly, the sunda islands in Indonesia, people believe that if a poor crop, that must be a house came he spoke no attention parents name;In the Dutch New Guinea, foer among men and women both parties once established by marriage, for each other's name taboo which began, if who inadvertently said the name of a should taboo, have to immediately on the ground said. "I just said the wrong name, get rid of it from the yard now, but please let me also can have a goodHave a meal."In the Torres Strait islands on either side, if who occasionally careless about his wife's brother or sister husband name, should get their heads in shame, and to apologize to the person whose name is said to give gifts, and to redeem guilt.

The third kind is the name of taboo.The taboo is very popular in the society still, as far as the ancient times, is ubiquitous.Analysis of the motivation, the main is afraid of offending the ghost, of course, don't want to knock against the heart of scar, is, of course, wants to make himself lost on forgotten the name of one of the reasons for the gauze.

Victor people never mention the name of the dead, even mentioned, only suppress the noise is called "lost" or "it is no longer in the world of poor people"., they argue, if talking about the name of the dead, will provoke a gi1 Couit resentment (the dead ghosts), and the ghosts of the dead always lingers on earth for a very long time to get to the west under the setting sun, all of the American Indian tribes in name of the deceased, for irreverent, if the courage to break prohibition, is given by death, to stay alive, have poorer eliminate evil - usually out of two or more cattle as penalty.

Unfortunately if there is the living and the dead, then, with the same name, and what to do?Decisive change name is the only way to do it.North American indians who with the new the dead shall give up the old with the same name, the first for the dead condolence events held in his name.Not only that, the northwest American indians if who out of the "white wedding", the whole family got another take his place.They say, "if the deceased soul hear these familiar names, will miss their loved ones, to return to the earth, take many more lives."

More than north American indians, and unfortunately, that is the name of the dead is something everyone should use common words, meet with such a situation, common words have to make way for the dead, other words, the only contribution of this kind of new words is that it provides strong motivation for language change, because this kind of custom, affected by a lot of old words constantly be eliminated, neologisms have sprung up, emerge in endlessly, many tribes so language is always changing, and emerged a lot of synonyms.At the same time, because the name the dead on behalf of the buzzword is waste, without many words lost the original meaning and disappear forever, or the other assign new meanings and complex deposit, native language virtually were injected with restless blood, become the "history" resistance, destroy the continuity of the nation's political life, make the past history mix is not clear or not reliable, and thus to develop the beginning of the article folklore, A.Mr S that angry words.

The fourth class is the king and other holy name taboo.Needless to say, their names like cannot shake it status, cannot harm is a bit.To instruct his scholar of Kings in many countries, developed a series of to protect the king syndrome group rules and regulations of the holy name of extremely harsh in Siam, anyone who dared to tell gog holy name, it will be put into jail, in fact, because of strict security measures, it is hard to know the name of king civilians.Siamese when it comes to the king, can only use some loud title, title as "awesome", "perfect", "the supremacy of the emperor, the emperor", etc.Zulu a chieftain named LAN, which means the sun, the race had to changed the sun to ogre that now, emirates has dead for more than a century, the sun is still on the head of the Zulu spreading light, can people still can't restore LAN ng of the sun to the old name.

In Madagascar, popular with st, taboo avoidance Malagasy no surname, nearly all their names from said general matters of behavior selection or property in the language of everyday life, such as trees, flowers and plants, etc., once some flowers and plants is tribal sheikhs phase, for the name, the word would cast a layer of mysterious color and not to abuse.Call it love house and bird or the top, and anyway, you have to discipline, do not cross the half step.To gross profit if tourists make clear in advance knowledge of taboo, there won't be for the same things there are many different names in neighboring tribes and ACTS based on the, on the border of the Maori should be more than a few introduce this bookstore of custom.

In ancient Greece, and the priests and other top officials name is protected by law, and call it, the rope you Ephraim.Many priests name was engraved on the bronze or lead card thrown into the bottom of the sea, the idea is to name secret tucked away, what could be more reliable than the sink to the bottom of the ocean?As an aside, what better than this custom can reveal the ancients immaterial and material, confusion between name and matter?

Finally, let me to analyze a rather famous taboo.Primitive man according to his image and imagination to create his own god, god building once formed a fixed god, god will be secretly determined and lifelong confidential.Otherwise, they think, after other gods and even ordinary people to get the name of god will spell through operator water to but them.

Circulated at such a legend of ancient Egypt: every female ISIS to enjoy a happy fairy, secretly drool from the sun god ra and the clay into a green snake came against god, force can't suffered agonies of god swear: "let my name from my chest to her bosom".So ISIS obtained in gods name within the mysterious force, and thus became the queen of the gods.

The legend of the ancient Egyptian god of taboo provided a vivid example.The idea is that the name of god with his divine power inextricably linked, and was almost hidden deep within the chest, seems to be a equivalent of soul is more important than the insides of physical organs.ISIS is a successful surgery with stripping out of the name of god, and every Egyptian wizards believe that whoever has a name, a god who can possession or real entities and can force him to obey yourself, just like oxen to the farmer.So many wizard life are committed to taking the name of god's eye, scheming, spare no efforts.

With the Greek Roman separated only by a strip of water also believe the function of the witchcraft in the name of god.When they laid siege to a city, the task is to address the protection of city of god, pray the gods to give up the besieged city, and joins the Romans, and will therefore be long thick treatment such as large bowldrinking, large pieces of meat.Roman god in the name of the city are strictly confidential, secret, to prevent the enemy of the republic to offer attractive conditions, bring him to the lure there was a man named javier solana, due to the courage to reveal the name of god be in reaction to the gallows.

More than 5 kinds basically is about a foreign nationalities taboo for names.Said to our China, about the name taboo is the spine of the mountain more, abound, and thus deduces many said difficult alone embarrassing and tragedy.Until the founding of new China, the first name to others in our country is still an uneducated vulgarity, civilized men are avoided and calls words, such as Chiang kai-shek, known as Chiang kai-shek, Chiang was just his word, if who is length, when its surface and insurance are not allowed to fall in a salivary "the horse", this kind of phenomenon from the name words are taboo in noblesse oblige.As for taboo in the city of our country ancient big line of its wind, is directly within the taboo of yeast.The emergence and development of taboo even changed the fate of one part person, cultural history, and the several stages of Chinese language literature about this issue, to talk about this book.