The origin of the achang

One of China's 55 ethnic minorities.According to the 2000 fifth national population census, achang population of 33936 people, mainly living in dehong dai and jingpo autonomous prefecture of yunnan province (county and lianghe county, LuXi, yingjiang, tengchong, yunlong county also has a small amount of distribution, etc.Achang have their own language, but without words.Chang belongs to the sino-tibetan language o hidden Burma dialect, the main languages are divided into lianghe, (3), LuXi three dialects.Due to the long-term and han, the dai mixed, most achang and Chinese and lauguage, conventional Chinese and dai wen.Is rich in oral literature.History and jingpo, closely related to the han, the dai, bai.

Achang is one of the earliest indigenous peoples in yunnan province in China."I," in ancient Chinese history, "moths chang", "me," or "chang", "calyx chang", etc., are in different periods of achang appellation.After the founding of new China, according to the national will, collectively known as achang.They live in the hills mountains, canyons, PingBa gaoligong mountains flows.Here the land is fertile, mild climate, abundant rainfall, for achang development provides a good conditions for agricultural production.Achang since ancient times namely is famous for its good rice.Achang mainly engaged in agriculture.Handicraft industry is very developed, especially good at making long sword is famous.

Achang traditional festival

1. The "nest" section

"Nest" section is achang lianghe region grand national traditional festival.Lunar calendar January 4, achang lianghe areas together, from all directions around the "nest" Taipei fascinatedly dancing nest ROM."Nest, "Taiwan about 1 m high, 4 meters square, the central sit with two pieces of about 6 meters high arch, arch at the top of the rack with a huge wooden bows and arrows, full string meaning in human ancestor cover palmer hemp with this shot down the evil god la roar off the sun.Left the top of the arch of the radiant sun, arch at the top right of the bright moon blue sky.Drawing under the sun and moon, o women dress all sorts of color design, Italy covered m hemp textile of dragon phoenix to the chang o people dress.Festival from the memory of the first man god to mother earth cover, linen and block m hemp reorganization of heaven and earth, carry, praises to benefit human development to the party and socialism, sing praises, chang the happy life of the people.During the festival the leaders at all levels to congratulate, all national team performances, also held a traditional achang sports dance, stick fencing, boxing and song, spring lamp etc.Grand festival joy, a lively group.

2. The torch festival

Achang have torch festival, yunlong cao jian achang the torch festival held in lunar June 25, to offer the grain god, praying for good harvest as the main content.Lianghe, achang huche region of torch festival is held in the lunar June 24.

3. The street section

Street, is a traditional achang people's assembly, many in the lunar calendar in the middle of September.Achang hinayana Buddhism, street, the original religious gatherings.O legend "a horse" (chang, means the bodhisattva) in the journey of heaven scriptures, overcome the difficulties, finally take to the scriptures, September 15th, and decided to return to earth.Achang people to greet "a horse", will bind up tsing lung, the white elephants, by the young men and women accept lent m, cook food for lent.Later, gradually evolved into a national holiday.

At that time, men wear blue, black or white double-breasted coat, black trousers, inclined back a "tube pat", baotou, left more than a foot long baotou cloth, married women wear long sleeves and narrow double-breasted garment and the knee skirt, leggings, black or blue cloth baotou.Girls is more a pony hair dish on the top of the head, with finger width of cloth in bian son, his chest side by side four silver buttons, buckle hang four long silver chain, with jc flowers and collar, earrings and other jewelry.During a street, mainly play since like, tsing lung.White elephant and tsing lung is villages artists use bamboo carefully jag, generally is bamboo frame, paper, cloth do trunk.Play a white elephant, a man hidden in the belly of the elephant, the hands to pull the trunk with the rope pulley, elephant nose will move up and down or so.Tsing lung, by costumed boy waving, performing various actions.

Will street, people give a white elephant, tsing lung wear red satin, men and women of the village the old little play a white elephant, surrounded by the dance of the tsing lung queue, beating drums around the village for a week, then came to the square, white elephant, tsing lung around in the middle.Immediately, elephant-foot drum sound, nobelium gong, cymbals sound everywhere, the people of cheerful and vigorous elephant-foot drum dance.Jump, knock cymbal always and inclined to strike the elephant-foot drum, bouncing around your feet move, leg when push when closed, the body like the waves rise and fall.Jump jump to the a major step forward and then return a squat down, a across a refund a squat down three times in a row.Emotional climax, cymbal sound continuously playing the cymbals cymbals cymbals, with branches dancing cheers men and women.Onlookers applauded warmly welcome of people.At this point, the white elephant nose left much more frequently, the dance of tsing lung is more widely.

4. The water-sprinkling festival

As well as local dai, achang also water-sprinkling festival, during the water-splashing festival is a good opportunity for young people to mate, which often eight bowl dishes served by miss house ready to string of young man.The number of people attend the dinner, you can take the a seat.Young man to be in the case of other people don't perceive stole girl zito, such as the head of a dog than the tail of a lion up on girl, to punish zito thieves a bowl of wine, otherwise will be fine girldrinking.If being caught TouZhe, should be punished not only, also be laugh at by the girls.Drunk guy according to some inspections, put money in the case of don't let the girl notice to the girl.

5. Into depression

Chinese said "the closing section," four months between June to September every year, in the period, in general, the faithful have to sit in the villages of the buddhist temple Buddha, listen to the words, a buddhist temple, there also not be performedTo get marriedTo marry.

6. Out of the depression

Chinese says, a "Open Day" into the depression the expiration of three months, the annual buddhist life came to an end, return to normal life.Out of the depression to held a grand rally.

7. To burn white wood

According to the lunar calendar in December.To make the figure of Buddha is warm, the buddhist temple belongs to people, in the evening near the temple, the pile of wood into white "well" glyph, burst into flamesThe fireAnd the fire to keep warm with Buddha, promise to bless.

8. In yellow

Lunar month of October, the buddhist temple belongs to people, will be the yellow sheet, give the Buddha change, and to get off old yellow one, to show his devotion.

Achang custom taboo

Achang residential houses for civil structure, a is a sta.First central scroll a fireplace, and receive a visitor, the, the more daily.Central scroll are set on the wall family shrine hall pendulum, "emperor", used for ancestor worship;"Living robe" (certain scribe) home, setting up next to the trainer, worship trojans, pheasant tail fan and revelation.Home class avoid disorderly put sundry, avoid is let loose.Purlin in daily life, at the tableHave a mealAbove, the elder, the old man sit on it.Fireplace with achang attention, at the feast to burn incense, the mixture is New Year's day BaBa sacrifice fireplace in the first place.Foot stone fireplace in the pan or tripod or wood head, avoid is used a feet trample or sit on it, which avoid to spit, cannot cross from the fireplace.The threshold of the achang the somebody else is square wood more, avoid, avoid to sit, avoid is used a knife to cut, the notions of the threshold represents the good or bad and his family to the prosperity of all aristocrats.

Achang hospitality, aged respected, have the guest to nap, master good tea served better wine, eat comity, attendance, such as the guest young issueing xiaoke refuse to sit side seat or sit beneath;In a toast to pour tea, avoid is not comity is accepted.Achang hospitality have advised meal custom, no matter will drink, tea, taboo guest does not accept;Meet to lunch, both have full whether should stretch the hands hold into the bowl;By hand or hands rose up and salute, as respectful.Usually advised meal is symbolic, through told rice off, and even sing to rice folk song lyric, welcomed the guests is the real reason.

Achang ethnic festival a lot.Nest ROM section is an important festival in achang, at the same time, popular beam river, LuXi, tengchong, longling and achang yunlong county most of the region.Nest ROM festival held at the beginning of the first month of each year.O dew section, the han nationality which is also called "street festival", is an important holiday, long river achang traditional lunar festival on October 26.In 1993 by the National People's Congress standing committee to determine the achang ethnic festivals dehong prefecture unified name for "o dew nest day", on March 19 solstice 20 for unification of holiday time.

Achang also have the Chinese New Year customs, from twenty four for Chinese New Year.The new moon to fifteen avoid is pounded reef.Taboo that horses and cattle is not auspicious, attract butch into camp bite dead pigs and sheep.Stuffed sweet white wine, rice bean jelly, pea meal, tank YanLa pickles, tempeh, tofu and other flavor fushi.Thirty night to eat the meal, before the first choose the delicacy to around making offering under the village god, to the ancestral spirits.Rate of offerings, head of the household family kowtow yi memorial ceremony worship and burning firecrackers.Avoid eating before offering.

Morning, the first women to rest, man robbed by home first carry water Wells.Man of board paper fire incense, when we went to a handful of rice and the number of COINS, god put in well and water well.The first day of avoid is sweeping the floor.Second day cream off visitors.Second day in village together in autumn autumn autumn field offering god, vertical bar, reject the women to take part in, declined to outside the village people into the autumn field.

Achang taboos are related to ethics, religion and the feudal consciousness, some content gradually changed.Mainly include: can't across the woodworking tools, a room's fireplace.Can't cross the road block to the rope.Can't ride across the street or into the village.Not sitting on the threshold of the main.Women can't from the plough, rake and a full set of ploughing tools on the cross.Men don't go there are women rather tan.womenTo have a child, less than seven days, other men can't enter the hospital.The main shrine in addition to the cast, outsiders can't move anything, after marriage, the daughter of the homeA pregnant womanDon't move.Home shrine don not put the iron weapon, etc.Eat dinner only male elders sitting, attendance son-in-law age no matter how high can't sit well.The brothers after their marriage, can into each other's bedroom.His father can't go to married son's bedroom."Color, "only priest is men, offering the village" color, ", cannot be left outside the village in the village people, or to outside the village after village, including marry into outer walled village girl.Outside the village of death,The bodyCannot be carried back to the stockade.Funeral procession on his way home, can't look back.