What are maonan traditional festival
The origin of maonan
Maonan also is one of China's population is less hill tribes.Maonan claims to "say south", meaning "monao ethnic group had speaking monao ethnic group had the people".Appellation shows that they are ridge west of indigenous people.Although maonan population is less, but they have to known for its long history and unique culture.
Since the song dynasty, recorded in Chinese university, guangxi huanjiang county territory today have "trail beach", "MAO beach", "south" and other places.Lingnan hundreds more branches, is place name and family name of customs union, maonan also to place names.After the liberation, known as the "difficult".In the eighty s, according to native opinion "maonan" instead of "difficult" MAO for.
Maonan is developed from the branches, lingnan.Before tang's current, reflecting the music, it is their ancestors.According to the record, today the area of maonan inhabit to grace county in the tang dynasty years, lingnan ring under the jurisdiction of the state;The song dynasty to fondle water state territory;Under the jurisdiction of the yuan dynasty is a celebration of a distance.Grace of the first year of MingZhengDe county mei hechi state.In the qing dynasty, grace XianShu igawa far mansion.Guangxu period, in maonan set "MAO difficult armour" populated areas.Under "a" on, middle and under three "well", "well," a "group"."Well"
To set under the "brand", "brand first", the general jurisdiction over 10 homes.In order to against the feudal ruling class oppression and exploitation, maonan people had constantly struggle.During the anti-japaneseThe warIn the battle to defeat the Japanese aggressors, the liberation war against the kuomintang reactionary rule have made important contributions.
Maonan traditional festival
1. The dragon festival
Maonan folk festival is the biggest annual dragon quarter after the summer solstice."Dragon festival, also called" temple in May Day ", is unique maonan festival, two days prior to the lunar calendar of "dragon" to hold, is primarily a sacrifice to the gods and ancestors, the whole village has come a long way and WaiJia women and men and women of relatives and friends came to celebrate, grand and warm.Excessive dragon festival, every family should be steamed steamed pork with rice flour and five-colored sticky rice and roast pig.Inverted switch in central scroll, knead into small round and round the five-colored sticky rice, and stick on the switch, to indicate the fruit harvest, pray for good harvest.
Points during the dragon festival, monao ethnic group had the people of all ages, sexes dressed up, young daughter-in-law holiday with parents back.They gather the golden flower, maple leaf steamed five-color waxy rice;In the field the five-color waxy rice, steamed pork with rice flour, offering the emperor shen nung, pray for good crop weather, the grain harvest;In the village head permeating the temple NiuJing offering legend monao ethnic group had slain breeding beef cattle, the founder of the three male ye QiZhu people and flourish.Also use "hair" (a big if sectoral leaves) package five-colored rice and steamed pork with rice flour, visiting relatives and friends, to celebrate the holiday.Points the dragon festival the same day as the relation between young men and women parties, activities such as mouth, slope foot song on depression.
Maonan also a Dragon Boat Festival, but the meaning of the festival is different from the han nationality, folk known as "day".Whenever any medicine section, habits mining moxa leaf, calamus, turmeric, shit cane and other herbs boil water to drink, or use these herbs minced filling package ZongBa antidote to the disease.
On this day, the man up the hill looking for herbs.Woman do zi ba at home.The waxy jialing is ground into a paste with local shit cane and meters, put the pot boiled, eat up and have a kind of fragrance, the old man said to eat the delicious jialing preventable disease.And with realgar to grind into powder, and at the end of the rushed to drink a cup of wine, to drive disease evil.The old man said that day a man went up into the mountain back to herbal medicine, particularly high efficacy, whether people are animals, to eat the blast can prevent flooding.Collect back the herbs in the pot.Use water to herbsThe childTake a shower, can prevent various skin diseases.Rich, this day will eat snake meal, buy a flat head wind and the wind snakes, such as outside with DingGuo simmer, combined with herbal medicine.Eat the snake snake soup, said the old man would not have sores, suffer from rheumatism, and other tinea disease.Families also to maple tree branches inserted in the door edge, remove all kinds of evil wind gas.
Section 3. The pumpkin
Maonan "pumpkin festival", when the lunar September 9th, namelyThe double ninth festivalOn the day.Each harvest to a variety of shapes and orange pumpkin with floor, one by one.Young people, the most satisfying position to each competition "pumpkin king".Not only depends on appearance, but to see seed through surface.Until all basic agree, by a strong person with a machete "pumpkin king", the master took out a gourd ladle, leave the plump seeds for next year's seeds.Then cut the melon into pieces, into the millet soup pot.Simmering stew, cook for mature, filled a bowl for the first before the incense hall "pumpkin king", and then they share meals.
Many of China's national the double ninth festival as advocates, have to respect the traditions.Maonan is not exceptional also, there are only different fashion.For over 60 and frail old man, monao ethnic group had people generally during the double ninth festival "add grain filling longevity".
Children with a table on this day in the home, please visit their relatives and friends, visitors want to take a few jins of refined grains good meters, or fresh fruit."Hundred meters from relatives and friends" to separate storage.Later when cooking for the old man to grasp some mixed into their meters.
"Hundred meters" finished, the old man without rehabilitation, still have to continue to date "add grain filling shou" ceremony.
4. The double ninth festival
Many of China's national the double ninth festival as advocates, have to respect the traditions.Maonan also is same, just different fashion.For over 60 and frail old man, monao ethnic group had people generally during the double ninth festival on the grain filling longevity ".Children with a table on this day in the home, please visit their relatives and friends, visitors want to take a few jins of refined grains good meters, or fresh fruit."Hundred meters from relatives and friends" to separate storage.Later when cooking for the old man to grasp some mixed into their meters."Hundred meters" finished, the old man without rehabilitation, still have to continue to make grain filling life "on the nativity ceremony.This custom is actually out of a love for the old man, very accord with people's moral and traditional ideas, support and appreciated by the local government.
Maonan festival, there are two obvious characteristics: first, must worship our ancestors;The second is singing song activities more.Ancestor worship festival, general multi-purpose pigs, chicken, duck, beef and wine, and sticky rice as offerings.Maonan at the feast, hold wedding, like do tofu circle, practice is to put the pork or beef, dried shrimp, peanuts, garlic and parsley, pepper mix chopped, add salt and stir into paste, bean curd with mash of water bag filling in my hands repeatedly rolling into a cone, or a bowl and then into the pan fry until done.Eat when put in the pot boiled soup, fresh fragrant delicious taste, is not only the necessary food entertain guest, as a gift gift to each other.In the festival, maonan like with boiled water rinse beef reception guests, namely according to the local habits, on the fireplace placing buy a wok, eat when everyone gathered around the wok, add meat, lettuce into the boiling water rinse cooked, then mix ingredients wine, this is the most common form of banquets maonan folk.Maonan folk festival is the biggest annual dragon quarter after the summer solstice.Excessive dragon festival, every family should be steamed steamed pork with rice flour and five-colored sticky rice, some roast pig.Back in the willow branches in class, the pinch five-colored sticky rice into small round and round, and stick on the switch, to indicate that fruitful, desire for good harvest.Maonan also a Dragon Boat Festival, but the meaning of the festival is different from the han nationality, folk known as "day".Any medicine section, habits mining moxa leaf, calamus, turmeric, shit cane and other herbs boil drinking water turbidity, or use these herbs minced filling package ZongBa antidote to the disease.Maonan adult males are all welldrinkingThe wine, and is not enough to respect the guest.Some people still use made from sorghum, corn.But in the majority with market selling bottled liquor.
5. Put the bird to fly
Maonan tooThe Spring Festival, the most meaningful activity is "the soul", washing gun, morning reading and put the birds fly, to the festival has brought happiness and joy.
In maonan many festival customs, the fifteenth day of the "set the birds fly" the most unique and interesting.Legend monao ethnic group had in the past as an old master, he has a practical handsome outstanding only daughter, is good at with bamboo sticks and calamus leaf birds, called "the bird girl".
Her with a young man fell in love, ready to get married on the first day.Old wizard to test the ability of future son-in-law, on New Year's eve to let the mountain land before it gets dark and seeds, should have and seed (millet), but a worry, young man, wrong into glutinous rice species.Old wizard makes it all the seeds fetch, province mar.This bottom hard, young man the bird see this girl, let her go home and put them in the past hundred birds with bundle pack.
Girl of braiding blow a sigh of relief, birds and whisper to say a few words to the young fellow.Young man to the mountain birds, the birds fly out quickly to retrieve all the delicious.The boy and seed again before dark.The old mage a look happy, say: "New Year's day let's father a good reunion reunion.The fifteenth day of the first to send a bird girl go to your house to marry."From then on, there is the "set the birds fly" section.The Spring Festival will come, families adopt good calamus leaves in advance.New Year's eve, with Chang achieving leaf "birds", "birds" from loading on an empty stomach bubble good sweet waxy, rice bean, sesame paste, etc., and then on the pot steamed or boiled.Out of the pot, put the "birds" with a cord tied to a long cane, wearing in front of the line of the main.""The birds have a partridge, pheasant, swallow, cormorants, thrush, etc.
This day, each one a "bird" for home children to friends;Marriage and family daughter-in-law to bring back "bird", hope children lively like a bird in the future.Incense before hall, placed offerings, also have red rice and fruit, and to pray that birds do not eat the crops, guarantee to grain, melon and fruit.Until the fifteenth day, remove the "birds", into the pot cooking again, at night, in order to "birds" when rice, refers to "set the birds fly." "Put the bird fly, "monao ethnic group had people always forget to relive that" put the bird fly "legend.
6. Ancestors to dongshanwei
"Ancestor fair" place, in the south.Under the wave of sichuan village at the junction of two Lin (monao ethnic group had the word for "carlin").There's a small hill, image, from the foothills to the mountainside, stone graves dotted, is a large cemetery, in front of a mountain stream, the scenery is very good.Every year at theThe qingming festivalThis morning, the south, sichuan monao ethnic group had the people aroundThe fireOr point oil lamp, in the hillgraves"GanWei" between.
Hungry ghost festival maonan called on July 14.Actual holiday lunar seventh day began.On this day, the day just awning, warrants took a sharp head shoulder pole, the head in the door the mud stone ladder, it put a bamboo hat, hat beam between a pair of grass or leaves, then burn incense upon three columns, mumbling to himself: "eight female several male and female!Mr. Ma shuttle resistance."That is: "male milk!Horse here."Say to the ancestors back to the horse.Since the day the ancestors has come back.
Morning, 15 days to send ancestors "home", kill ducks to repast, after the money from the 7th to 15th morning burning powder (nucleus burn in first lousy basin), wrapped in two taro leaves or bamboo shell, with a small bamboo is placed into a small burden, monao ethnic group had called "bear with female eight", namely the male milk money, sent to the village head out or stream, said send ancestors "home" (that is, back to the grave), end of the holiday season.Children to the stream to play 15, taboos, be afraid of in the way the children touch the ancestors "to go".
Maonan custom taboo
Go out to do business, the most taboo others sit at the gate of the home and think it is the road to "stop" business.If we meet on the road of funeral for bad luck.Long walk to go out, before he left if cooking is not cooked or broke the bowl is can't go to, think this is hurt or bandit rob ominous. In addition, in front of the long walk first meal, can't drop the grain on the spoons and chopsticks at the edge of the pan and the bowl, so as to avoid walking was grass cut my feet blister or soles of the feet.
Fire is Wang Suoju oven, oven cannot use foot or spit on the stove, can't put on shoes, clothing and tung oil lamp, in order to avoid uncleanness king oven.When wood must send bulky the head into the kitchen, otherwiseA pregnant womanDuring childbirth.
Shrine is a place where put ancestor spirits and cannot put tung oil lamp, dog meat, etc., so as to avoid humiliation ancestors and gods.
Borrow someone else's bucket, laundry list, return can't carry into the room, others will hang a hand on the shoulder pole to a, otherwise the others unhappy.It rainsDay can't wore rain hat into other people's house, in order to avoid evil spirits with the inside.
Married daughter back, can't comb my hair and climb trees, or adverse to the bride's family man, fruit trees will die.
When meet rock fall, cannot speak it, so as to avoid illness.Seriously ill people in the home, want to use the two sticks fork at the door, don't let strangers into the house, also can't write with red paper posted on the door, lest the patient's illness.
Changxin as tribute rice to pick an auspicious day, think "closed", "into", "on", good day is "closed", can taste a fresh delicacy, "dangerous", "broken", "building", adverse (how to calculate an unknown), can not taste a fresh delicacy, or new grain will be finished soon.Encounter a stranger came to taste a fresh delicacy, even married female son come back, don't let them take part in changxin as tribute.The barrel in the home and the granary, forbid to outsiders and kids, in order to avoid the food wasThe mouseTo steal to eat.
The Chinese New Year, there are many taboos, such as the first day cannot speak foul language, can't scold people, in order to avoid the bad luck on both sides;Children can't go to other people's house door, lest after running.The first to the second day can't eat green vegetables, in order to avoid the field long grass;The new moonHave a meal, can't eat, soaked in order to avoid water broken to the harvest of the field;The first day, can't sleep late, in order to avoid the movie lodging, lazy;The fireCan not directly use mouth to blow the fire, or otherwise wouldwindy, bad for the crops, with a blowpipe blow;First to fifteenth cannot be, laundry, clothes, can't sweep the floor, in order to avoid later has hawks often catch chicken, lest cleaning house money;During the Spring Festival can't thrash rice, otherwise will be in the futureThe heavy rain, adverse to the maize growth.