The origin of the bai

Bai is an ancient nation, with the ancient qiang people.As early as the 1st century AD (han dynasty) before distributing in erhai lake region.2nd century AD, the emperor is here set the county, 3-4 century AD, because of the war, many han Chinese who took refuge to bai region, part of its fusion;In A.D. 715 by east yunnan moved to erhai lake area of a large number of people of all ethnic groups in the bai.Before and after the 14th century there have been a number of tuen army han Chinese in the area, later also merge with local bai people.Later part of the yi nationality, achang, successively has merged into bai.Self-proclaimed "albino", "Bernie", "sub", ", "is the meaning of" people ".Han means "white".Used to be called "local family," he said "the horse", "le ink".It is said that because they believe in the white, so called "white".In yunnan Dali bai autonomous prefecture, lijiang, jiang, baoshan, south China, including yuanjiang, kunming, Ann, guizhou, sichuan liangshan prefecture and sangzhi county of hunan province and other places also have distribution.

Bai traditional festival

Bai people's main festivals are "big Chinese New Year", "march street", "round three spirit", "torch festival", "will play the sea", "worship the day looked at", etc.The same with the han people, also had the tomb-sweeping day, dragon-boat festival, the Mid-Autumn festival, etc."March street", "torch festival" with the characteristic, known.

1. The festival

Living in yunnan garden jiang bai, have their own unique calendar.They determine the seasonal according to the growth of trees.When the peach blossom hair spathe is their march, paint the leaves to five inches, is may...In this way, they see not twelve months of the year, but 13 months.In a year, in March and ten is their rest month of march.As march day in March, March 10 for years.However, only a day for the New Year New Year month, the day after is not fixed, it is by the village of each clan in the old man in a year to decide.And the day after the New Year is in the morning, QuanZhai members under the leadership of the prestigious old man, with brewed rice and glutinous rice samples, to around the tree the tree ceremony together, wish the coming year, the good crop weather, animals, good harvest.Festivals, people will be coming from to the old man a first, and then each year wine, BaBa...

After the memorial activities, everyone back to kill the swine.If agreed on this day to the partnership boiled meat to eat,Kill pigThe somebody else will put up one over ten of the meat to cook to eat;If don't eat the partnership, the somebody else will pigs gave no pig family pork, in a show of unity friendliness.

2. March street

March street: also known as guanyin ancient city or guanyin, reportedly has one thousand years of history, held a summer in March every year, location in Dali chengxi features and at the foot of the peak.Festival content were buddhist temple fair, held a grand preached prayer activities.Is the bai people's traditional festival, every year in Dali and foot of the peak, the creek river in the open field.Every during the "march street", as far as thousands of miles, almost to the nearby merchant people, from all directions came to trade.Market of goods, from medicine to food, furniture, livestock, everything, it is the biggest hub western yunnan commodity trading.

It is said that a long time ago, there was a tyrant, entertain wild hope forever, buy a retinue, eat every day a pair of people's attention, which bring the grave disasters to local bai people.When there is a full of magic power of the mighty, in order to give the bai people in addition to the pest control, in one day in March, artful turns, the tyrant in some of the features and the foot of the peak, god sent a dog bite off the throat of the tyrant, drink his blood, to eliminate the devil king, in addition to evil for the people of bai.In order to commemorate the warriors and the bai people's great day of salvation, people each year in lunar calendar March 15 ─ ─ 20, gathered in the foot, singing and dancing.Over the years, formed the annual "march street".Now during the "march street", in addition to exchange goods, also acting national song and dance, sports and other activities.Especially the riders of all nationalities to jockey club, gathered at the foot of the sun, always on horseback, running towards the edge of the erhai lake like walking, the scene is really magnificent.

3. The torch festival

Every year, a summer held on 25 June, is the bai people's grand and grand festival.This day, every village to erect highThe fire, each made a small fire.Nightfall, size, a torch lit together, like ten million dragon in ma mercedes-benz, people parade field, insect pest control.newbornbabyFamily, next the fire please folks to drink "the banquet", congratulations to both doing well.

4. Rob TouShui

Year, is the annual "rob TouShui" Dali bai people of the holiday.As night fell, girl guy all busy dressing up.They put on gorgeous costume, carrying a string of firecrackers, on a bear bucket, marched triumphantly in the village head corners, by the well came to the city.Midnight zero, only heard firecrackers exploded and saw hundreds of "rob TouShui".Every household to "steal" "TouShui" pick after go home, then use it to make soup balls, noodle, such as food, cooked in a bowl or plate, respectfully to the hands of the elderly, from door to door, for the old man happy New Year, happy and healthy.When the old man to accept a gift, when also the dishes, put a few cents in bowl game, to show his age.I wish the healthy growth of the younger generation, good happiness..."Rob TouShui" activity fully embodies the bai people's respect the national tradition.

5. Play the sea

The bai people, off the coast of erhai lake in yunnan province, held once every year the lunar June 24, the traditional play sea event.According to legend the erhai lake in a brutal big black dragon, year after year, undermined the people.Wisdom of the bai people's carved a Huang Mulong, with black dragon duel in erhai lake.Two dragons on the battle in the erhai lake, bai people gathered on the shore to huanglong cheer.Huang Longdou tired her head, all go steamed bread thrown together: the black dragon her head, guys drop stones.Hence Huang Longyue fights the stronger, the black dragon hungry and tired, have a bite was covered, hurriedly fled to the examples.From then on, the water leakage, FengPingBoJing.To commemorate the victory, to this day every year, the bai people dressed in costumes, hold up an umbrella, arrived by boat or on foot from all directions to be sea.

In play sea days, white spot in the erhai lake, shore people mountain people sea.People only the suona, singing "Big Ben", to the tune and dance with hemlock, dancing crane to make merry.Held at the same time, the annual "dragon boat racing, dragon boat in erhai lake is commonly used in a large wooden hot rod, in about ten meters long, about three meters wide on the sails of PiHongGuaLu, decorating.Mast tied with colorful "level 3" rise of the big bucket, and tied up the causeway, stern rudder on ShuYou pine, painted on the ship's rail of the all-powerful "yellow dragon" and "black dragon", the middle side circle "mirrors".With a loud cry, the villages of the dragon boat race, people sing the boatrace adjustable, wish the good crop weather, good harvest.

6. The 3rd singing festival

Bai traditional festival.First year lunar calendar in Dali March 3 township south bay bridge and temple.31 March singing festival, it is according to the national tradition, men and women public singing, sing white to move, from March 3 to 9 September.March 3 is bai men and women on the first day of the year can sing;2 is confirmed and temple SongZi queen and prince statues, incense, to many people have children of women who will drive the desire, older women for Thanksgiving, more young and middle-aged is song, listening to music, or looking for a companion and to.Festival on this day, Dali bai people who flocked to protect of bazi villages and temple, song contest in groups during the day, a group of bandits, after dusk, song into the climax.For couples in the temple or whisper of shallow sing between village, melodious tunes.

7. Fishing pond

Peak of erhai lake in yunnan cloud lane edge slope a hillside, called fishing pool.Under the slope is crisscrossed caves, one of the big hole, hole called fishing pool.Oil fish out of the hole in the middle reaches into the swim, especially in the fall for.Fish oil, it is said that that's unique.It has one or two inches long, because the body thin oil scale small, tender meat more than the name.Do not need to put when cooking oil, its taste is very delicious.If add fresh tofu, taste better, this is the local dishes "oil fish bean curd soup".

Of the sons of legend oil fish is a fish.Once upon a time, fish pond habitat hole often stop an old fish, within it swallowed the element of jing, exogenous qi, Yin and Yang, one hundred years later became the fish.It often sleep, fish oil produced in a deep sleep.August 15th is the day when it woke up, wake up it is out of the water, the mouth sucked the pedestrians on the slope into his stomach, many people died in the stomach.In order to prevent the fish eat people, bai people every year from August 15th start fishing pond put up tents on the slope, holding event.Bubbling during the day, night lights...Fish are no longer dared to come out.From then on, fishing pool would be held in August 15th, session of seven to ten days.

Round three spirit. 8

Lunar calendar in late April, the bai people all want to hold for three or four days "around three spirit".During the festival, tens of thousands of men and women, old and young, dressed in national costumes play a musical instrument, dance and sing, in "god" st source temple, worship, and to carry out various cultural activities.According to legend, general, nanzhao Dali kingdom's ancestry paragraphs bang, is among the highest in the bai, the god of gods.He livestempleReferred to as "god", li 5 st source temple was built.

9. Form the singing festival

Every year the lunar July 27 solstice held in form of JianChuan August third.During the festival people men and women separately by the game.

Bai customs and taboos

Hospitality taboo

To the guest in the home, can only listen to the guests, not rob inserted, random questions, the man in the home,A womanCan't take the initiative to smoke, make tea and talk with customers.Have a mealTo treat people in eight, the host can't railings on the table, can't talk loudly, to respect the guests.Not allowed to use the spoon dig a hole dug in the ZhenZi, meaning don't quarrel with food, equal to others.Father, brother, brother can't and daughter-in-law, sister-in-law and older siblings to sit a bench to have a meal, can't drop a grain at the dinner table, or by a firm, to cherish the food.A guest when father and son can't table, men and women can't sit at the same table, meaning pecking order not disorderly, Aaron, men and women should be different.A meal, to put chopsticks behave yourself eat bowl, can't litter the place, to thank the host hospitality.This guest taboo, regulate people's behavior from the details, make the person have been form an elder elders, QinLin good friends, bailey humility, borrow to love of good moral character.

Holiday taboos

Bai folk have a saying called: "the avoid is the first day, month, avoid tail."So thirty night and the first day of the first lunar month taboo is much more special.Owe people money, money must be paid before thirty night, taboo back la account;Wear dirty clothes, door to door wall clean later in thirty;To blow away the cobwebs.After eating the meal dishwater to pack up, until the next day at noon to pour out, lest the blessing spilled a year.Year 11 to 12 PM FengMen, no family people, also refused to outsiders visiting, in order to avoid carry pathogens in their dwellings, it is better to let a family reunion, without interference.Acceptance zero doors, northwest, southeast and then sent to public drinking water rob TouShui, aimed at the New Year everything is prevenient.Early on the first day and Chinese food is cream eating animal products, so as not to drift gunk within one year.Chinese eat dry to pull, to remove the evil from difficult, want to eat pumpkin, carrots and other dishes, is sweet; to burn pine wood, meaning easily spread, don't put the life closely baba.On the first day in the morning till noon, cook did not move a knife and fork, avoid is used a weapon, in order to protect peace.Thirty night into day at noon, the special taboos spilt oil, such as broken bowl, believe that will have bad luck in this year, taboo fight, bicker, keep intimate atmosphere and wind drizzle.The first to the fifteenth day, every meal before point incense ancestor worship, worship heaven and earth, a teacher, did not face taboo and drink first, would that be seen as disrespectful to the heaven and earth, ancestors.Lunar March 15 is a snake festival, every family in front of the foundation are sprinkled lime, avoid the snake people, this day taboo sitting on the threshold, in order to avoid the snake people room.All these taboos contains a cautious man, civilization, Thanksgiving's philosophy of life.

Marriage funeral taboos

The animal sign a good marriage taboo, such as pig dog unworthy, taboo make trouble;Tiger and snake unworthy, taboo dragon fight, chicken snake unworthy, taboo chickens pecking snakes, serious, etc.To get marriedTaboo "four unique" nativity, namely, spring, summer, autumn begins, the day before the beginning of winter, all can't use, so as to avoid the childlessness;Taboo "four away", namely the vernal equinox, autumnal equinox, summer solstice, winter solstice, the day before can't use, so as to avoid loss of ions wife.Do the wedding guest can't wear white clothes;The dumb, dumbThe child、A pregnant womanCan't go to bridal chamber, so as not to bring whammy.The bride home, cannot see the groom's parents.Elder brother sister-in-law such as the elderly, to avoid a collision photograph is strong in the future to be harmony.

Dead people in the home, can not be on the bench, son filial piety Sun Shouling prohibits drinking alcohol all entertainment activities such as;Not in ten daysWash your hairThe shavingTake a shower, not in others.Otherwise be regarded as disrespectful to the dead, or bring to others.Within a year, in the home can't in-laws, or made a big fear of.In case of red loss, weight loss, taupe day, will not be laid to rest, had to put a pivot, to be the date of the funeral.The funeral, as anyone who belong to the same phase to avoid, otherwise it will bring the living mean disaster.Ironforge bai mountain area have a common saying: "heavy use red bereavement, husband and wife and lived, liang do red bereavement, do home peace".Have red omen of mourning the dead also dead a person in the home.The solution is made a little big dendrocalamus giganteusThe coffin, and then sewn with lines, and then with surface knead into a person on the coffin, took out the blood on the head of a dog than the tail of a lion on wheat dough figurine.To the day of the funeral, the small coffin by threshold below carry out, to dig deep buried at the crossroads.These near the superstitious taboos, and aims to let the living rightThe deadDo enough filial piety, can easily treat life, let the living practice of filial piety virtue.