The origin of the zhuang people

Zhuang is China's most populous nation, ethnic minority mainly live in the guangxi zhuang autonomous region and yunnan province, wenshan zhuang and miao minority autonomous prefecture a few distributed in guangdong, hunan, guizhou, sichuan and other provinces.Zhuang clan name comes from the part of zhuang's claim to be "cloth zhuang".Nong, cloth soil, in addition, there are claims to cloth cloth, cloth spot, the more, cloth that, nong Ann, partial, abo, gaolan, bauman, cloth adai, sensitive, cloth (3), east and so on more than 20.After the founding, collectively known as the boy.According to zhou enlai proposal in 1965, approved by the state council, "the boy" to "strong".

According to the 2000 fifth national population census, zhuang population is 16178811.Zhuang use rhetoric, belongs to the sino-tibetan strong strong zhuangdong lauguage.The southern song dynasty when there has been a square Chinese characters in the composition of local custom.Local custom word face is widely used, people will use less, more used to writing place names, folk songs, remember.In 1955 countries to help zhuang, had created a strong text on the basis of the Latin alphabet, and the implementation.In 1982 and made appropriate changes, and promote the use of the strong.

Zhuang is a nation with a long history and splendid culture.Zhuang is one of the more people in ancient China.It with the west ou, Locke is Zhou Feng period, the current when the han, slang, birds xushuguan, his young people after the song dynasty, such as native has a close relationship between.

When forces into lingnan before the qin dynasty, in the lingnan (now), guangdong, guangxi region, mainly belongs to live hundreds of the system of west ou and Locke the two groups, the two is the ancestors of zhuang ethnic group.

According to the unearthed relics found that as early as the spring and autumn and warring states period, zhuang has widespread use of bronze, the use of these metal tools, has greatly raised Labour productivity.With the emergence and development of private property, the primitive commune zhuang classless society goes into slave society.

In 221 BC, emperor qin unified the six countries, sent his lieutenant tu see led 500000 troops, mulling five ways to tap into lingnan.Qin victory over west ou, unified lingnan, set up guilin, the south China sea, three county, under the rule of a centralized system.Sent prison eloth construction in guangxi, the efficacious canal to the xiangjiang river and li river wired up, communicate the Yangtze river water system and the pearl river water system.Then, from the central plains moved to a large number of han people "and the" contacts.The han Chinese in their relations with ou, Locke is, mixing process, some become zhuang, at the same time, accelerated the social and economic development.

From han dynasty to the early stage, in this zhuang area there have been some "male in the remote village" of the most popular, such as panyu lushi, high cold, hepu XianShi, qinzhou NingShi etc, known as the "hundreds of the most popular", their rank.The tang dynasty, once the lingnan way division lingnan east, west two, set up five government running make guangzhou, under five.Guangxi, nanning, let three tubes are zhuang.Two song, yuan, Ming and qing period, to strengthen the rule of lingnan area, the central dynasty built counties and sent the official history, geld, and the central dynasty shall practise a system of harmony of counties in zhuang region, brought heavy burden to the zhuang people.The zhuang people unbearable slavery, multiple resistance.Vigorous movement of the taiping heavenly kingdom uprising in lingnan zhuang region.But all previous uprising were the bloody suppression of the reactionary rulers.In the zhuang people in their fight against the French colonists invasion, xinhai revolution struggle and resistanceThe warMade a significant contribution and great sacrifice, the zhuang people have a glorious revolutionary tradition.

Zhuang's traditional festival

1.The Spring Festival: year to the first day, the second day, the first lunar month, a total of 3 days

Spring Festival customs of zhuang nurtures the han Chinese are the same, in this no longer say more.But on the first day lunar calendar, every visitor, you must want to eat rice dumplings.

Section 2, gyro: two or three days before the New Year's eve to New Year's day on the 16th

Gyro section, is a sporting event held once a year.Gyro, it is a game, it has small, light weight.With large such as the field pomelo of the river, a jins, there are small as goose eggs, there are 232.Production of gyro must choose high quality solid wood.It's "head" smoothly."Play" with two or three feet of hemp rope, round up around until he thinks the proper place, again with the right hand ring finger and little finger nipped the end of the rope, quickly is turning toward the ground, gyro "shout" turns up.Good quality of gyroscope, plus turning technology, turn up as long as seven or eight minutes to fall down.Played gyro is very busy, I won the first prize rong said the "king of gyroscope".Is said to have played since the rise of the fog, a history of 300 years.

Section 3, eat: 30 in the first month or so

"Eat" words means "celebrate".The zhuang people known as the tradition of celebrating the Spring Festival.But in 1894 the Spring Festival approaching, the French invaders I border, in order to fight the invaders, fought in young adults, kill, and to defend the homeland.On the 30th, war soldiers kay turning back, villagers kill chickens slaughtered sheep, do glutinous rice samples, hospitality, and celebrate this victory, the Spring Festival to mend.Since then gradually formed for vertical section.The lion dance, the dragon, during the festival, people singing and dancing, very busy.

4, two nodes: starting from the lunar March 25, lasted three days.

Two nodes, is the zhuang people's festival together.In the festival, the most suitable for looking for object.First, as the host of the village,Kill pigSlaughter cattle, in the field the dam stage, ready to receive the guest's accommodation.At that time, girls wear skirts, cuff set with silver and embroidered with lace XieJin jacket without collar and batik skirt, wear zhuang jin chest pockets, wearing embroidered shoes, various flowers, beautiful.Burly guys and girls together, singing and dancing, until sunset.Still have the desire to be able to continue with the girls in the village also song.

5, her to extend holiday greetings: AprilThe rabbitOn that day

Rabbit in April every year on that day, all want to kill a cow, a pig, and two chickens and 48 fish, to worship the mountain, drink offering zhuang women worship her.That day, men, women and children were present, the etiquette is very grand.From her worship is a zhuang to the head of the shanzhai, she led the zhuang people with officers and soldiersThe war, after failing to be slaughtered.And they buried her to the top of the mountain and hill called her worship the mountain.Each year to the day of worship were killed, the zhuang people are slaughtered pigs to her.Such festivals every year, never interrupt, over time, formed a festival - her to extend holiday greetings.

Section 6, cattle soul: lunar calendar seiqnyied bat, there are some places in June 8 or August 8.

From April 8th for ox king's birthday.It was originally a deva, orders from the jade emperor for grass green world, the jade emperor rules it every three steps and a pair of grass, but it is a step and the three grass seed, so that the grass of the earth is more than the movie.The jade emperor was sent it to the room to eat grass.Cattle down to earth, and feed on grass, farming, hard at the end of a year.People appreciate it credit for, in its birthday sacrifice cattle.Japanese, peasant to the ox XiuGong day, families to freshen up, put stall in dressing.Village old people on the cattle in QuanZhai sufficient, encourage families care for the cattle.House steamed five-color waxy rice, wrapped loquat leaf five-color waxy rice feed cows, some outside on the melon and fruit wine meat offerings, and parents take a head of cow swirling around the table, then the whole family holiday meal talent.

7, medicine group: the lunar dragon-boat festival in May

Festivals around the content is not the same.Of all ethnic groups in longsheng autonomous county of guangxi zhuang people up the hill back to Chinese sapium, bund area on the herbs such as Fried yellow, gourd tea, silver piece grass soupTake a shower.It is said that can make the skin bright and clean, scabies.Jingxi county zhuang have special drug market.Families still pack "claw reed", in the house to cook cook vinegar liquid, burn pomelo peel, moxa grass on the door, etc., in token of exorcism.

Section 8, love monkey: the fifth lunar month

At that time, families sent with pumpkin, vivianlulu, banana and cooked food of corn cob and other fruits, or to the ridge in the deep mountains, or to get put on the pitch, and then hidden into the stone corners and wait until the monkeys gather in droves, look at them each foot chewing have enough to eat, and wriggling after pumpkin moved into the cave, they slipped away.Legend has it that this custom is associated with agricultural intellectual high from the song dynasty.Once, the agriculture of high forces trapped mountain, dig grass roots bark to rely on.Fifth day of the morning, and tens of thousands of monkeys cuddled each pumpkin from hanging cliff to drop, rebel so saved.So the people section reward.

Section 9, chicken: fifth

Holiday a few days ago, my grandma's to send a two jins of heavy cockerel and a basket of glutinous rice to grandson.Festival that day, parents early in the morning is good for children "chicken", steamed good five-color waxy rice, at noon, the children brought together a few years age friend home, climbed up the castle in the small party or to have dinner in the wild.After dinner, the children out of fruit to eat together, play until the sun set their home.

Verse 10, become sworn: on May 13th

According to the old habits, men over the age of twelve years old and have the right to become sworn brothers.When making friends, two people, please the old man the become sworn ceremony, the two sides to each other's age, drink raw chicken blood, child.when ancestors, swear to day.After the ceremony into a good brother.

11,The Dragon Boat FestivalFifth, in line with the han nationality

12, water storage section: the double seventh

Every family has a clean the cylinder of water storage tank, and then pick back to the spring, a stream or river water to fill it.People call this day pick back water "fairy" water for the old man longevity wine, giveThe childLongevity cook porridge, leaching pickles and pickled vegetable, fruit, can also be used to dye cloth, wine, vinegar, cure.

Section 13, changxin as tribute: lunar new valley mature held between July and August

Usually ChanJiaDuHu, also welcome near relatives and friends come together.Changxin as tribute this day, every family cook big zhen new rice and hearty dishes.Women early in the morning came to the field to cut green rice leaf for the shrine, the prepared food to the fruit, burning incense, and lit the lamp.After everything ready, put the dog to the front of the shrine, scoop a tablespoon of new rice, every dishes for a bit, in order to thanks to its credit, the day to feed it first, as a reward.

Section 14, ancestor worship, the soul: the lunar July 14

Legend has it the ancient hungry ghost festival, in July 15, yunnan wenshan region there are still retained.Mess happened afterwards a disaster, some people ahead of the feast, and then flee chaotic;Others fled back to fill the feast.Therefore becomes a July 14 and July 16 for customs now.This festival is the ancestor worship and the content of the realms of the two.From July 14 is the father of zhuang of cloth luo tuo death, so the people from generation to generation in the memorial day ancestor.Legend has it the ghost of the abnormal death homeless again, become a wild ghost wandering souls, their roaming.To avoid its harm, people at the same time of the day ancestor worship, and inspect the wandering soul wild ghost.Kill chickens and kill ducks is its approach, steamed buns, cakes do with colored paper cut into four seasons footwear and clothing.After angles, at night and to the river wild offerings, burning incense candle, burning paper, water drift and let its ashes.In addition, this day everyone who has married the woman will return to mothering, but should be back after the holidays, night can't lodge in the bride's family.

July 15, the green crops: lunar calendar date

At the appointed time, pork and rice as offerings to the village tanabe, god said let the movie to enjoy.Then start road ban so as not to disturb seedlings of god.Village, old and young gathered together at the same time, while drinking, singing song, wish a good harvest.

16, Christmas the gods: the lunar early August

Zhuang is a belief in god's folk, they saw a lunar calendar in August as the common festival of the gods.Therefore, every year the Japanese have offerings to worship.

Section 17, BaiQing month god: August 15.

Commonly known asThe Mid-Autumn festival, zhongqiu, the mid autumn festival.Zhuang people eat mooncakes on that day, steamed flour cake, when chicken kill ducks festivals.In every way, enjoy the ceremonies and worship.

Section 18, September 9th

Words are "in the end, centenarians immortal", this section is mainly to the elderly birthday, is the extension and complement of the elderly birthday activities.No old man's farm and all the holidays, but have the old man's farmers are particularly exquisite.Son to give the old man shaved, wearing new clothes;Already married daughter will come back, and bring a chicken, a few jins of meters, commonly known as "food supplement, elongating life to the old man bread.During the dinner, their children's children and grandchildren to old people fed first, before eating, to show filial piety.

On the ninth day of the ninth month in section 19, lark:

Legend is in memory of killing dragons, carry young warriors held a lark.Japanese, young men and women get together in lark spring, sacrifice larks, song to each other, enjoy entertainment.

Verse 20, new valley: the first day of the lunar October after the harvest

With the new harvest rice pounded zi ba, at the same time, kill chickens slaughtered ducks offerings of god, and to show qinfeng.

Section 21, cast down:

Drop section that drive down frost festival.Popular in big hsin-hsien ray township area under traditional festival activities.Frost day each year on the eve of fangyuan dozens of men, women and children dressed colourful clothing, with zi ba, local food such as goods and incense offerings, to get the ray township to party.Ceremony held the day ritual "MoHuai JiangJunMiao", while the social members or barter trade, young men and women by their music at night, talk about love to make friends, so it is also referred to as the "frost singing fair".Busy three days before and after "down".

Zhuang custom taboo

About the social taboo: father-in-law daughter-in-law can't go to the bedroom. Literacy would not dare to write divorce book.Have a guest in the homeA womanNot on the table to eat.The next generation of escort the guest not slowlydrinking.Brother do not talk with his wife literally.

About the production taboo: lunar calendar in MayBelong to the dragonDays without pick dung and urine.Do work avoid cultivator, June 6.Start building to see whether the almanac.If the meaning of "not in" almanac, pick an auspicious day another day.

About superstition taboo: avoid ominous words during the Spring Festival.Homonym not blow the fire, not sweep the floor, can not visiting. It is prohibited to thrash rice, washing clothes and moving blade axe, not allowed to borrow things. Before the New Year's eve to pay off the loan and borrow objects.Can't sit threshold, cannot use stamped on the hearth and the tripod on the fireplace, can't carry a hoe or wearing a hat to into the home, can't climb or cut down the trees on the longshan.

About the women's taboo:To get marriedHome,A pregnant womanAre not allowed to see the bride. Home have maternal, hanging on the door 1 top hat, suggest that outsiders are not people. Married women return to home, can't pick up the altar. Prohibit the kitchen top cover new tile in pregnant women. WomenTo have childrenWith 3 days, not inside the bedroom light. Maternity clothes can't wash with a man on a. On the first day a woman can't comb my hair.

The zhuang people taboo first lunar month this day murder;Some areas of young women diet of beef and dog;Women to have children in the first three days (or the first seven days) taboo stranger inside;Taboo women have children is not yet full moon to home visits.The zhuang people's bamboo building, is generally going to take off their shoes.Wearing a hat and carried the hoe zhuang taboo or other tools in their own homes, so the strong home to put down tools and off his hat, hat.Fireplace, stove pond is zhuang family the most holy place, the tripod and ban with their feet trample on the fireplace hearth.

Zhuang young married, taboopregnancyWomen, pregnant women, in particular, can not see the bride.Especially pregnant women could not enter maternal home.Home with maternal, branches on the door hanging sleeves or inserted a knife, as a taboo.Accidentally broke into the maternal home, must givebabyA name, give the baby a set of clothes.A chicken or corresponding gift, andie, dopted mother of children.

Zhuang is rice, very take good care of the frog, some of the local zhuang have special "worship frogs instrument", so to the zhuang region, it is strictly prohibited to kill frogs, also don't eat frog meat.everyThe floodTakes place, or other major disasters, zhuang enron ancestor worship activities, beg for dragon relief.After the ceremony, with a village made a mouth, declined to outsiders into the village.