aboutThe qingming festivalWhat are the custom, the custom of the qingming festival?

Ching Ming festival, also called TaQingJie, according to the solar calendar for, it is in every year on April 4 to 6, between, it is beautiful spring scenery spring-out of season, it is also the people (ancient called outing) good time for a spring outing, so the ancients had qingming outing, and carry out a series of customs sports activities.

The custom of the qingming festival is rich interesting, in addition to pay attention to the fire, the grave, and outing, swing, cuju, play polo, inserted liu and so on a series of customs sports activities.According to legend this is because the tomb-sweeping day to cold food ban fire, in order to prevent cold food buffet injury body, so everyone to take part in some sports activities, to exercise.Therefore, both the martyrs's New York in the holiday don't die from sad and bitter tears, played by outing laughter, is a rich characteristic holiday.

1, the grave ancestor worship

In Chinese history, cold food forbidden fire, memorial ancestors, has become a custom.After the tang dynasty, cold gradually decline, in the tombs of ancestors became after continuous tradition festival vulgar.Great tang dynasty poet bai juyi cold food ambitions songs did: "black crow magpie noise faint trees, clear well who cry?The wind blow the wilderness paper fly, tomb spring grass green.Tangli flower reflected poplar, full of life and death to leave.Ghost desert springs cry not smell, rustling sunset rain man home."Song dynasty poet Gao Juqing was described in a poem: "the north and the south mountain grave field, more clear FenRan martyrs.Powder white butterflies fly, bleeds into red cuckoo tears.Sunset fox sleeps on the mound, a drop of ever to jiuquan!"Is that in today's society, people still have before, during, and after tomb-sweeping daygraveWeeding and grave the custom of ancestor worship: put offerings, they pray to the grave, burning joss paper gold bullion, or simply offer a bunch of flowers, to miss to ancestors.

2, for an outing

Qingming festival,, people but because when it is convenient, nor a grave of also, old and young in the mountains between countryside recreation, home conveniently fold a few foliage buds appear a switch to wear on the head, yi for pleasure.Also some people specially in during the ching Ming festival to nature to appreciate and enjoy the vibrant scene of spring, on the outskirts of hiking, express in the winter the ease of mind, since this outing also called spring outing, the ancient called tanchun, XunChun.Its meaning, that is, their feet on the grass, in the suburbs, watch the spring scenery.Before and after the tomb-sweeping day is a good time to outing, so become an important content of the ching Ming festival customs.Old woman can't literally travel on weekdays, tomb-sweeping day is a rare opportunity for an outing, therefore, women had more time than men in the qingming festival, folk have"A womanThe clarity of the man's years ".

3, willow

Tomb-sweeping day is the green willow germination take time, folk have the custom of the folding willow, Dai Liu, willow.Comfortable when people walk in a few branches under the willow, can take in your hand, play can be woven hat on his head, can also be brought home in the lintel, and on the roof.Proverb is "qingming festival is not Dai Liu, beauty into hoary head" "after the death of qingming festival is not Dai Liu, yellow dog", explain the tomb-sweeping day folding willow is very common in old customs.It is said that switch has the function of to ward off bad luck, then insert willow Dai Liu is not only a fashionable adornment, but also has the effect of blessing to ward off bad luck.Qingming festival insert willow can also be cold with the past to switch corner of new customs related to the fire.Today, it seems, optional folding switch is a kind of damage of trees, is should not be advocated.Qingming festival reveals the willow tree, is memorial invented all kinds of agricultural means of production and is said to have "taste grass bouquet" the emperor shen nung;Another saying is jie zitui died by willow later raised, duke wen called qingming willows, and fold the LiuCheng ring wear on his head, this custom spread to folk.Although the story a different origin, these customs is still not a person nor joy.

4, pull hook (tug-of-war sport)

"Pull hook" is called, in fact, the modern tug-of-war sport.It is said that in the spring and autumn, in order to attack chu wu to hook the movement to improve people's physical fitness.It is primarily a rope, two head is divided into many small line, game, with a banner for the world, commanded, each pull rope, the music is, everywhere cheer both sides up, a lively group.

5, fly a kite

Flying kites is tomb-sweeping day one of the most popular activities for people.The ancients believed that if someone can be sick condition to write or draw on the copper kites, thread is the kite flying in the air, let it fly to the sky just stay cut, disease disaster will be along with the kite fly away together.Later, the kite is also gradually developed into the popular outing of recreational activities.

Qing Pan Rong positions by the emperor at the age of Beijing JiSheng records: "tomb-sweeping day, the city of men and women, from the suburbs of dispute, mention action Qie box, on the other side of the wheel hub.Each with a kite reel, martyrs, namely in the grave and cast a victory."The ancients thought clear and the wind is very suitable for flying kites."Qing jia record" said: "spring wind from bottom to top, and the kite enough, so have" qingming festival put off harrier "proverbs."Flying kites in the ancients, there is not only a kind of recreational activity, but also is a kind of witchcraft behaviour: they think that flying kites can let oneself of the noxious gas.So a lot of people flying kites in the qingming festival, will they know all the plague are written in the book of the kite, the kite is high, such as it cut the kite line, let the kite fade away, symbol of his disease, noxious gas, let the kite away.

6, on the swings

First name is "lucky", swing down swing for the spring and autumn when the duke national mountain from the north passed in Dijon, han become clear and other such as laterThe Dragon Boat FestivalFolk games, such as cold food festival.First is to use a rope swing to hand grasp the rope swing, to develop on the gallows hang rope, after tied under the rung.

Swing of the play has been popular in the northern and southern dynasties.Jingchu age "records:" when the spring suspension ball at azusa, clothing color clothes aspects to sit on it and put it, called swing."Swing is is very popular game in the tang dynasty, and became an important part of the ching Ming festival customs.Due to the qingming festival on the swings can be seen everywhere, pronounce qingming festival swing yuan Ming three generations, the palace is set for queen and concubines, the ladies-in-waiting playing swing.Today the parks and playgrounds of the still has a swing, for children to play.

7, willow

Shoot the willow is a game to practice archery skills.Record according to the Ming dynasty, is raising pigeons in the gourd, then gourd high up on the willow, a bow shot gourd, pigeons fly out, with the height of the flying pigeon flew to determine the outcome.

8, cuju

Tomb-sweeping day in addition to worship ancestors grave, there are all kinds of outdoor activities, like outing, outing, swing, etc., in the shrine of memorial sentimental, also is a blend of joy enjoy the atmosphere of the spring.In these activities, "cuju" is a very interesting activities.Cuju, is now the football's predecessor, the ball leather is from leather, wool plugged in.Legend in shang dynasty cuju early already, during the warring states period into the folk, to the han dynasty more became the army used to practice martial arts, tied in the war.

Is to play with their feet "cuju", originated in the spring and autumn period and the warring states period of qi old, tang and song dynasties, the most prosperous, often appear "ball drop it all day long," "the ball from the foot, foot from the ball, Minneapolis, ten thousand state", "song MAO cuju diagram depicts is the situation at that time.Du fu's poem "qingming" wrote, "ten years far cheeper cuju, wanli customs with the" swing, also explains the popularity of cuju activities at that time.Under the background of "the doctrine of the mean" the traditional culture of be particular about, cuju has gradually evolved from adversarial game for performing competitive.In the joseon dynasty in qing dynasty, cuju activities related records, is very few.

The birthplace of cuju shandong zibo rise cuju hot, many people involved, not only exercise the body, and folk customs in the tradition of more than two thousand years.

9, cockfighting

Ancient tomb-sweeping popular chicken game, start from the tomb-sweeping day, fighting cocks fighting until the summer solstice.Our country the earliest records, fighting cocks in zuozhuan.In the tang dynasty, cockfighting, is not only a folk cockfighting, even the emperor to chicken.Such as the tang dynasty is the most like fighting cocks.

10, silkworm flower show

"Silkworm flower show" is a kind of unique folk culture of silkworm township, in the past during the qingming festival, wutong springs, wuzhen, chung fu, state and other places have the folk activities.In which continent springs asvaghosa temple and bluestone ShuangMiao the silkworm flower show is wonderful.Springs west asvaghosa temple is located in the state, in the local has the "king of the house," said, silkworm flower people mountain people sea, every year, one to meet silkworm god, shaking the clippers, eventually leaves, worship the stool, boxing, dragon lantern, become warped high pole, singing opera and so on more than ten activities.Some of these activities on shore, the vast majority of on board ship, water features extremely.Silkworm flower wuzhen incense city activities in recent years, only to meet silkworm god, stepping white ship, become warped a few projects such as the high pole, great potential.

The origin of the custom of the qingming festival

The origin of the qingming festival, reportedly began in ancient Kings and princes "MuJi", later folk also follow, in this day ancestor worship, mourning ages follow and become a fixed custom of the Chinese nation.Originally, cold food and tomb sweeping day are two different festivals, in the tang dynasty, will be the day of worship grave as cold food.The correct cold days is one hundred and five days after the winter solstice, about before and after the tomb-sweeping day, for the day, so I will clear a merger with cold food for one day.

In front of the tomb ancestor worship, mourning the custom origin is very early in China.As early as the western zhou dynasty when the burials, attaches great importance to.(the warring states period "mencius · person article also mentioned a sneer at by the known JiGuoRen, often to a surnameThe graveBegging the tomb sacrifice, visible ethos of the warring states period tombs.In the tang dynasty, the letter to pronounce well grave at that time, "one of the five rites", so every tomb-sweeping day comes, "the field road, is full aspects, yamen runner gai, all parents grave."(liu zongyuan and xu JingZhao book) grave became important social customs.

And in some cold spring, to the fire to eat cold food, afraid of some of the old women and children to resist the cold resistance, in order to prevent the cold food buffet also killed the cat, so he settled for an outing, outing, swing, play football, play polo, inserted liu, tug-of-war, chicken and other outdoor activities, let everybody come out in the sun, exercise, increase resistance.Therefore, qingming festival, besides the ancestors grave and outdoor fitness activities, make this holiday, in addition to the ShenZhongZhuiYuan sentimental feelings, also is a blend of joy enjoy the atmosphere of the spring;Both sad and bitter tears shenglisibie, and there is a school of pure and fresh and bright and beautiful vivid scenes.It is really a very characteristic, very special holiday.Qingming festival martyrs of tombs is vulgar and mortuary practices related to the pitch.According to the load, the ancient tomb "and not grave", that is to say only play, yielded not built the grave-mound, and martyrs are not for load.Later, and grave tomb of the martyrs common have rely on.Qin and han dynasties era, MuJi has become a indispensable custom activities.

Han shu. YanYanNian biography, kindred even if Beijing li will in qingming festival "also return to the east China sea grave".It developed the Chinese ancestor worship and the sense of kinship, strong, YanYanNian is reasonable.So the later the ancient MuJi not included in the specification are classified as five rites: "family of ordinary, appropriate on xu's tomb, into five, a routine forever."Get the official approval, MuJi wind is big.

Due to the tomb-sweeping day and two days, and folk fire ban cold food is tomb-sweeping day, gradually, cold food and clarity is close 2 for one, and cold food became not only clear and nickname, also become a custom for the tomb-sweeping day, tomb-sweeping day fireworks, only eat cold food.The 24 solar termsOne of the.In April every year four or five, six, folk grave in this period.

Due to China's vast areas in the day of the tomb-sweeping day ancestor worship, the custom of the grave, outing, gradually evolved into Chinese to commemorate ancestors grave, worship and other forms of a Chinese traditional festival, in the air and spring, generally for 106 days after the winter solstice, cold the day after.Grave activities can continue after the first ten days or so.