Segment's is a multi-ethnic, origin of surnames group, ranked eighty-first in the list of today's last name, belongs to the most popular series, a population of about three million three hundred and twenty-three thousand, about 0.21% of the population.

1.Summary:

The birthplace of the segment's mainly have three: one is one of northern henan, uncle;2 it is period of cognac period of dry wood of a (section of dry today need checking);Three is from the west of liaoning xianbei tribes.Generally speaking, in the history of the development of surnames surname should be a typical northern nationalities, originates from the north, and aggressive development in the north, especially in shaanxi, gansu provinces the most exuberant.According to the records, western han wen emperor period of printing area of north, the children start in wuwei wuwei of gansu, (today), spread to the 17th Duan Rong sun, northern wei dynasty, then I, tsinchow secretariat.Short viii Duan Ying sun ren rong Dali company straight.Their offspring from generation to generation the officer in the han to the sui and tang dynasties, shaanxi, henan, hebei, yunnan has a section's sons.Overall, section's distribution mainly in the north.

Early period's reproduction of the most popular in shaanxi, gansu area, later period's move to give priority to with this two roughly, enlarge the quartet.

Western han dynasty, the period of area of north, great-great-grandson Duan Zhen of wuwei satrap, hence the localized, son of the increasingly, wuwei county, chun Duan Zhen to open the first base.

Wei, jin, northern and southern dynasties, segment's or because of eunuch, or move to around due to avoid conflict.Duan Zhen seed period of privilege secretariat of northern wei dynasty, qin two states, President of beiqi too slaughter left a letter to the prime minister, plain loyal featuring, Duan Si yuan ren zhengzhou secretariat, Duan Ying as Dali company straight and sui, two states secretariat, paragraph after ren wei xing satrap of dispute.This section's team is officer, weng.Otherwise xianbei segment's indigenous lands later zhao emperor and, people then mixed with the han people, and increasingly in harmony.

The tang dynasty period, the period's still in the majority with the population.Segment's a still more earners, at this stage the main xian in shaanxi and henan, prosperous, large family, have Duan Wenchang Ren Mu as prime minister.

Rising period, there are white (bai) Duan Shiping build Dali dynasty, their children have ruled for three hundred and seventeen years, the period's in yunnan province has developed rapidly, Dali, today's still one of the most popular.

In song and yuan dynasties period, the south and the north section's to avoid gold MengJun brought about by the war, entering the central plains and fled south, infuse new power for the development of the southern segment's.

During the Ming dynasty, shanxi large pagoda tree section's move to shandong, henan, hebei, gansu and shaanxi, hubei and other places.

The qing dynasty, period of clan people without mass migration, smooth around the segment's breeding, wide coverage.

Today, the period of clan in sichuan, shanxi, hebei, yunnan province distribution is given priority to, this section's about four province accounts for the period of more than 55% of the population.

2.Jiangxi:

Jiangxi's not only a source.Province Yang (now Jiang Xibo Yang) plain section's, the number is more sui end early stage Duan Jian's descendants.Duan Jian ancestors lived in henan fengqiu county.Duan Jian by jinshi origin was assigned to Jiang Xirao state as a judge.He has three sons, the eldest son to pure, the second son, is the third.To the pure rapidly moved to anhui, to RuiCheng is moved to shanxi, to commute province Yang.Later, to the third generation was children back to henan or shanxi, shandong high rank.To date, to the descendants are mainly distributed in the wave around the poyang lake Yang, duchang, bayou, penzer, yaumcha, le, and other county in ten thousand.Has moved from anhui, hubei, hunan, jiangsu and other provinces.

Another face of jiangxi, earlier than Duan Jian in jiangxi, he is Duan Huang northern and southern dynasties.Duan Huang in the south of the first year of Song Jinghe as Yuan Zhou (now jiangxi yichun) secretariat, the family moved to Yuan Zhou.Eventually buried Yuan Zhou.Segment's is the most popular of yichun.

Duan Wenchang seed used to live in nanping, southeastern sichuan, after the son of Duan Wenchang twang-ching-shih ren LuLing secretariat (now jiangxi province), is removed by business, take a back seat to xiangyang.His brother into just retire from officialdom, two brothers are moved to province Yang.Their descendants and win more, Duan Shengyun (two people are of the twang-ching-shih brother) and its future generations, in the back rest kaiping two years (AD 908) in the province Yang meditation on genealogy, statue into type, in only for the province Yang west lake's the father.After repairing the spectrum, sheng tian in the later tang dynasty (AD 934) of the first year of tape should be four anda, Ann, AnLi, men and women anju moved to jiangxi content AnXiang tian qing stone village to live.

Before that, the win light HuaEr cloud in the later tang dynasty years (AD 899) to come fu long before uncle - add clear AnXiang moved to content.Duan Shengyun himself is should shun the first moved to taihe with brother - add.Into a type of seed Duan Yi done yongxin county of jiangxi province, is the father of yunghsin period's.This section of the clan who serve to tertiary period of the ancestor, more clear ZuYuan is from wuwei.Later, the children of this period's team has moved to hunan and hubei provinces.

3.Hubei:

Hubei's mainly from Jiang Xiqian, has moved from hunan.

Eastern hubei section's number many, they are to the descendants.Ancestral home province Yang, native commend Jiang Xirao state beach village.Compared to the male downlink to Duan Yan block.Duan Yan is hubei's first ancestor.YanZongGong at che tsung yuan Hu five years (AD 1090) civil administration officer, after at home.In the eighteenth year of the southern song dynasty shaoxing Jin Renna invasion (AD 1148), the court declared a letter YanZongGong rao state.After the dismissal, the family moved, rate of people cross the lake over the Yangtze river north, first to anqing, after to QiChun, finally selected surrounded by mountains and rivers earth Tian Fengrao, people settle park common alcohol YingShan tile temple before, bought a local wu, summer two surname and the lands of building base, build houses, hard working.

Eight sai-jo Duan Bojian for advising zhu yuanzhang pacify the world, the Ming emperor personally reward and luxurious and John Paul m field, and put the spring licensing ceremony to worship ancestors.The time of a clan, people attaches great importance to the modern cultural education, a juren, jinshi almost coco.Duan Jue, Duan Huan two brothers in the same year exceeded otherregions wenwu share-win.

YingShan original waterwarys, from luotian separated, Song Xianchun years yingshan county.YingShan county magistrate of the Ming dynasty period of the stand, because to be honest and clean, the posterity in the old county government built a side CiYu memory of him.Duan Yan cases of seed is now spreading in liaocheng, except YingShan XiShui, NSW, QiChun, macheng, huangmei, Huang Bei, realize and other counties and cities.Otherwise out-migration, anhui, henan, zhejiang province.Because of the close to the province Yang, does not rule out other ZuYuan.Spatial-temporal borders of the dongting lake, shishou, jianli segments with hunan yueyang, pingnan, huarong's daughter, are the descendants of period of thousand therefore.

4.Based on:

Western liaoning section surname comes from northeast of liaohe river basin, along with the development of history, constantly and other ethnic fusion, migrating north to songjiang basin, west migrating to Inner Mongolia, shanxi, south to tianjin, Beijing, hebei and henan northern migration.After entering the songliao plain, and the north China plain, mixed with the han people, gradually settled on agriculture.Combined with the northern wei emperor xiaowen strongly advocated reform, study the han culture, to the sui and tang dynasties, in the central plains of xianbei section has been completely with the central plains han ethnic fusion.

In addition to the above paragraph's distribution area, shou county in anhui, hefei, hangzhou, in zhejiang province's jiangsu nanjing, jintan, jurong, words of song as well as in the fujian province set up rather to have a period of clan people to meet.

5.Yunnan:

Yunnan segment's origin is wuwei, gansu province, and its total root is tertiary period.First arrived in yunnan is the Duan Yan of wei, then is the period of their wing, then is the Duan Jian of tang wei.Their offspring breeding migration from less to more, yunnan.Accept the influence of the local bai living habits, and crown of bai, become bai's.In general, bai's (history called bai bai brute, called bai segment's pretty section's, especially the southern minorities minority is pretty disrespectful) in yunnan, and Dali in yunnan province are concentrated, and is concentrated in Dali xizhou town.

Dali kingdom in A.D. 1254 by the yuan dynasty perish.But after death, is the yuan dynasty as a director of the Dali."Manager", the main also, still has larger power, and twelve generation, rule of nearly a century's sumie section is a branch of Dali period's.The section's genealogy records, here is MingXi cases of late (reigned 1621-1627), Dali JianChuan Duan Long born the year should be deferential soil (sumie) in the Ming dynasty is a deferential states at the invitation of the move to sumie.Prosperous, reproduced from now on, in sumie formed one tribe.In the local section's couplets "dispatch Dali" is refers to the situation.

The qing dynasty jiaqing twenty years (AD 1815), sumie segment's seven sai-jo ethnic Duan Minghao presiding over meetings, and determine the "Ming, its thought, as the,, and keep, aromatic, yet, the" ten words, such as the pie for them.In the long years of nearly one hundred and eighty years, the children's word sent not disorderly.According to well-known scholar period of good for Mr, now is the oldest "to" word generation, including his own, the only three people, under the five generations of "of" the word generation has started to have children.

Sumie segment's mainly comes from Dali, the existing seven branches, large population, a while's ancestral hall, genealogy, seven this genealogy, a copy of a branch.From yuxi, shiping, and Dali's namesake with different, but in 1911, through consultation, unified words, call a unified.

Duan Long born by sumie period of people's spiritual founder, in this table is a period of first as I will be his grandfather, he was iii.According to section good for Mr Sumie Duan Long born, born Duan Shiyuan, Duan Shiyuan born this Jane, period of this jean Duan Guangyu, dragon born, the yuan, this Jane, light margin in the fourth generation is notice o.Six sai-jo Duan Guangyu have seven, from since then, "Ming" word or seven.Long branches Duan Mingzhu has four children: period of the knob, the cen 嬩, paragraphs, period of their greatness.The period of its four people and the son, namely Duan Siyao, Duan Sishun, Duan Siyu, period of weeks.Which born Duan Sishun section for the inscription, for the inscription students section good for...As previously had told their lineal and tables, Duan Mingzhu have four people, the firstborn of the period of the bean, compared with the other three, fastest growing population, now in its 18th, context is also very clear.

6.Hunan:

Hunan section's up early in the southern song dynasty, yuan dynasty, different early in hunan xinhua county and southern hunan leiyang county, after the dongting lake plain is moved to a section of the clan.The three segment's are from jiangxi, with Tang Chaocheng surname clans.

7.Henan:

(1) south and east:

Main two-step, the first step is the spring and autumn period and the warring states era, namely common tertiary period of time, a total of tertiary period to the descendants of refugees, general fled to kaifeng, FengQiu, tong xu east line is settled down and seek survival and development.The second step is after years of experience in case of "pan huang" or "to" after the south or continue to move east (on the south, in addition to the reason of war, and after the southern song dynasty as the economic center of gravity of the population of south south, but the south is gradual and slow).To continue moving east, is as far as the jiangsu jintan and liyang, yixing, jurong, venture.Tan's genealogy records, according to the period of 103 was the father of jintan section's, to the annotation, has experienced more than six hundred years."Getting difficult" later, the northern song dynasty perish.The southern song dynasty emperor Zhao Gou capital by kaifeng moved to linan."Getting" the henan's great escape again.Light years, henan moved to jintan, changzhou, liyang, danyang, wujin, yixing area segment's original 20 families, however, some medicine, some teaching and some farming sericulture, after one hundred years of struggle development, GengDou family heirloom, near the door, and a lot of good characters, such as annotation, which is one of the representative.

2 westward:

Were of the sons of tertiary period to seek asylum, part of the die.From tongguan to the west, all the way through changan out, regionalization, tianshui, lanzhou, and wuwei, zhang ye, dunhuang.In wuwei, unexpectedly into the county.In tertiary period to the descendants of the first - after wuwei sai-jo who it was, now is unknown.

(3) the henan section of a property:

Henan's out and then returned, in the east, south, Jiang Xibo Yang section to another child in the period of the six families back to henan FengQiu (section 2, paragraph 8 two remain in wave Yang or duchang), hubei yuyang Duan Muzhi family back to henan xinzheng.Wuwei, gansu province, zhang ye, tianshui section of a property, having an effect.Duan Xiushi the gansu gu Zang (wuwei), for example 师濬, ren (3) the state secretariat, moved in shaanxi regionalization and naturalization regionalization, and become the multiply like the sons of the regionalization;Period of the 19 Qiong sun, ren wei jin xing satrap, after JiShan and move his family live in shanxi, has created paragraph JiShan's large;Yanshi, the v sun of paragraphs for tang's order, move house of shandong JiZhou (henan), has created Duan Zhixuan, Duan Wenchang, twang-ching-shih such wenwu celebrity.Duan Zhixuan segment with the sun, ren LiBuLang, suzhou secretariat, and move house henan ZhongMou, make segment's and ZhongMou most popular, and so on.Or moved to shanxi, or moved to shanxi, or moved to shandong, or moved to henan, but root in wuwei, gansu province, etc.

The henan section's wuwei west, wuwei section's east to now, is a kind of a property.Middle eastern han dynasty, there is a wuwei section's people into chengdu, sichuan province area.