Xu is one of the earliest surnames in China, and its origins can be traced back to 4200 years ago in the yellow emperor tenth ShiYi has wood.Since GuXu countries, thousands of years of development makes so 11 big surname in China today, nearly 20 million people.In so populous provinces of jiangxi, so in the province, the tenth most popular as north xu, one of the most important, derived from the eastern han dynasty Gao Shixu pa "southern states who is occupied in the world today" so about half of the population.Xu genealogy records the development history, so families in the form of special blood clan in traditional Chinese society custom plays an important role, is so blood lineage.The so-called "home take a genealogical", is a family or clan genealogy table, often called genealogy, family tree, also known as genealogy, the spectrum, the spectrum and lineage, and pass the score, spectrum, and so on.The tree is what is the most commonly used.Zhang xue-cheng in history through righteousness, said: "the home take a genealogical, the history of the family also."So home take a genealogical records the development history, so families in the form of special blood clan in traditional Chinese society custom plays an important role, is so blood lineage.Family is a family table spectrum form to record the family history and family pedigree breeding special books genre with important events, about which are found in xia dynasty.Genealogy in shield generations ago, because have proved consanguinity identity, and choosing officers and adaptive gate system in marriage, such as a political and social function, therefore, has been paid attention to by the government.The government set up a special "spectrum bureau", "spectral library" kind of institutions, specifically responsible for the preparation and collection and management of all kinds of genealogy.The wei, jin southern and northern dynasties period, familiar with and understand genealogical more become a kind of knowledge, high society, everyone needs to understand and study, otherwise, not only influence the officials, marriage, even general social interactions is difficult.In the gentry especially hard up, if you occasionally referred to his father, in front of someone speak (cs17), that he would cry on the spot, can not let you down.Historical records, Liu Songshi a man called ms wong, "for thousands of visitors daily, can make one up", pass for a moment.It also has become a kind of state of the gentry.In the south of genealogical, Xu Mian is one of the most famous.He had Ren Liang generation of official department minister, responsible for the matter of the selection, appointment of officials, according to liang book this transfer records, Xu Mian "the ensemble's", namely the familiar with the name of genealogy, lineage, when choosing officers do not only have Syria "" yi lun, fair or tasted, even daily hospitality, also give fluent replies," are taboo ", also is the author of "baiguan spectrum" 20 volumes, is in the famous expert in spectroscopy.After song dynasty, the genealogy of the political function weakened, but family history, pure lineage, members of the family of unity, constraints, future generations of the family of education, improve members of the family sense of honor, the centripetal force and the sense of belonging, and improve the family reputation, position, role in social life.In addition to the emperor's family tree - jade die beyond repair by the government, the government collects, song dynasty after the family all by private code, government intervention, no longer is not responsible for the collection, storage.Took a family tree is the family to do your own thing.Of course, because the family is the basis of social rule, stable family, society would be easy to settle, therefore, the government of each family temple built home, such as family tree to strengthen internal solidarity things are mostly family or take the attitude of support and encouragement.All previous dynasties jade die repair code, also be an indirect advocacy role.Xu genealogy in the true sense out of the view in the wei and jin dynasty, eastern jin Gu Bi write "18 states 116 county spectrum", in the revised "hundred spectrum", "18 states spectrum", "xinji states spectrum", etc., which contains genealogical so people.In the tang dynasty, emperor taizong Gao Shilian "clan", so fine.The southern song dynasty Chen the principles in the hsu genealogy Syria, said: "the emperor taizong of the tang, played the genealogical, new back door into the old, left rich men's right poverty, 193 is 1891, and the hsu and first said."Since the dynasty article eight years for clan event ", "name", "a surname clans", "xinji world looking surname clans", "yuanhe surname code" and so on a series of officer spectrum part about xu, have saved some information so genealogy in tang dynasty.In addition to the officer spectrum, wei and jin dynasty to the sui and tang dynasties private genealogy of atmosphere is also very popular, so people in this period also took a lot of private family tree, project officer of the national bureau of spectral spectrum it is for these numerous private spectrum to collect.The conflicts of the peasant uprising after tang and scuffles between the feudal lords, before tang's genealogy but still stored mostly, spectroscopy as a learning rarely, this is history's "unique" in the spectroscopy.

The song dynasty

Ouyang xiu first from ouyang clans, then Su Xun into the SUS 'family tree, under the two of them first, many scholars have for their own family genealogy compiling, formed the "private spectrum" epidemic situation, xu natural joined the spectrum ranks, now seen in the east China sea the hsu old charts is the start of the northern song dynasty period to.

In the qing dynasty

Compiling genealogies wind reached its zenith, weaving spectrum and spectrum become an important content of qing clan activities, this practice continued into the period of the republic of China, so that the existing genealogy compilation includes xu are mostly in the qing dynasty and the republic of China.As the most popular, so people attach great importance to genealogy compilation, is one of the most popular surname family tree.According to several of the main collection of Chinese genealogy is: Beijing library collection genealogy 2770 kinds, including xu genealogy 87 kinds, and in (119), Chen (110) after the second name is in the third;Utah genealogy society possession of Chinese genealogy 2594 kinds, among them there are 67 species, so the sixth;2565 kinds of shanxi academy of social sciences research center in possession of genealogy, among them there are 63 species, so in the eighth.

During the period of the republic of China

Compiling of genealogy peak period, China's existing genealogy originated from this period, the content of enrichment, style complete, other than by the generation of a family tree.For a period of the jiangyin road Cheng hsu genealogy is a masterpiece of traditional Chinese family.This spectrum has been unitary years beginning to fix next xuang zong xuande period (1429), forming 5 times in the Ming dynasty alone.And Xu Zhongzhao in qing dynasty shunzhi period to make up the "family", xudong maintenance "qianlong national spectrum", Xu Guangshou light c xu-gou spectrum, Xu Shengcai trim the stagnation decyl unitary charts, Xu Jun Ming "guangxu butyl spectrum".Especially the word decyl unitary charts of the highest level, do "sequence sangmyung zhao mu is the time, test line in literature foot sign".So the Cheng hsu genealogy was praised as "the crown of the great river north and south genealogical" people.The existing road Cheng hsu genealogy, is resistanceThe warPeriod the Cheng pushed the heads of the tribes of the hsu horse town xu hired qixin hosts repair, the repair to the guangxu butyl spectrum ", and thus save the Ming and qing dynasties rebuilt many times the Cheng hsu genealogy of the main content.The spectrum of a total of 52 of the volume of 59.In the Ming dynasty outstanding traveler and geographer xu xiake had out of jiangyin road Cheng hsu.Depends on the jiangyin road Cheng hsu genealogy of preservation, make people for official lost years of xu xiake personally as well as its tuoba who and to understand the condition of the offspring.According to the genealogy records, jiangyin road Cheng hsu is a descendant of the eastern han dynasty last years Xu Zhi, Xu Zhi for jiangxi nanchang county, the so-called "south state coats".A sai-jo xu Gu in song dynasty had Ren Kaifeng prefect, the nomads from invading, song room south crossing, with a large number of literature "central plains", wanted to Bi south, along with the southern song dynasty small court moved to hangzhou.Song dynasty four sai-jo Xu Shoucheng NingZong celebrating a former wuxian commandant, moved to suzhou.Since "their name is scattered JingHou, clouds, qin chuan", namely, yixing, songjiang, changshu area.Beginning in yuan dynasty, the son of Xu Shoucheng xu 1001, moved to the jiangyin county west along to the Cheng live in, so the five sai-jo 1001 xu is, in fact, jiangyin road Cheng hsu ancestor.In the Cheng looking specifically at zhutang town mansion in jiangyin county.Nine sai-jo Xu Lin had cloth should hence sea-faring, and to the west shu, ZhaoFu qiang people.Pleasantly surprised, after wide estate, with nearly one hundred thousand mu of land, houses thousands of volumes of books JuShi rich people and literature.Beginning from the 11th sai-jo Xu Yi, offered to xu yuan, xu, Xu Qia iv is famous.To 16 sai-jo Xu Youmian xu xiake's father, although his family has lagged, but husband and wife to operate, make "to revive his possessions."Family and to make up, in order to keep the family blood continuation of the complete record, must continue in a certain period of time.As for the family, how long should be continued once a basically do not have unified regulation, roughly in the spontaneous state.As specified in the qing dynasty jade die, 10 years, the folk genealogy, there are rules for 10 years, 15 years, 30 years, 60 years, up to the third, namely a repair in 90.However, while each family has rules, but because of the war, BingXian, plague and its external factor such as natural disasters, coupled with the family's own migration, talents, funds, materials, and understanding of family function family internal reasons, can be in strict accordance with the relevant provisions of repairing the family does not see more, is up to in a certain time period in accordance with the provisions, to continue.In each of the existing xu genealogy, to see fix spectrum records the earliest is the sui dynasty.In xinan hsu, according to the genealogy retained a emperor yangdi of thirteen years (617) repair the clans who majored in Gao Shilian to emperor yangdi's when they wished, mentioned in the throne, as the "clan", under the emperor yangdi had fabricated "kyushu hundred county foster your Ji gave spectrum shape casts a secret cabinet, goods for the four most popular," then, when Ren Shang bao cheng "Xu Yu etc into spectrum shape".The spectral shape, here is a simple form of genealogy, only about lineage, but it can be seen, and so in the sui dynasty, has simple genealogy.In addition, long live in the tang dynasty empress wu tongtian (696) of the first year, about wu zetian before and want to build a "clan," such as spectrum, the letter to "the katyn change, is a universal family, make the line with a male giant qing tuoba who name the officer name by that the appropriate orphan come on, give the Chinese authorities JiCheng family tree, in the future."However, family life is baiguan, temple of shi empire Xu Yougong Xu Youye came purport, left consultantship shi, "into the tuoba who advocate family tree".Here the "tree", about a bit more detailed than the past "spectrum".According to the relation the hsu family tree ", as early as emperor tang zhaozong HuaEr light years (899 years), take spectrum kuang this family has.In existing hsu genealogy, "little leave the hsu genealogies" 12 volumes, altogether had 11 times in a row, this spectrum is also a "little leave the hsu nine genealogy, respectively, Ming orthodox 10 years (1445), books and longqing four years (1570), the qing SAN ZuKangXi seventeen years (1678 years), sejong yongzheng two years (1724), the emperor qianlong thirty-two years (1767), passed eleven years (1831 years), literate admired xianfeng nine years (1724), Germany ZongGuangXu two years (1876), emperor xuantong three years (in 1911), due to the north che tsung spectrum character three years (1100), yuan shun emperor to is 2 years (1342) two piece of the old order, so that the xu family continuous spectrum when 11 times.In addition, the yaojiang hsu genealogies from god Ming wanli period in 1916, more than three hundred years, a total of nine.The neigh bridge hsu genealogy is from the Ming wanli years to five years of the republic of China, a total of ten, coupled with the song dynasty of the old order, visible also have a dozen.Repair the highest frequency spectrum of the YunYang hsu family tree ", from the god of the eleventh year of wanli (1583) to 1926, 343, were thirteen, interval of spectrum are: 15 years, 30 years, 34 years, 40 years, 35, 41 years, 28 years, 19 years, 31 years, 17, 31 years, 22 years.The spectrum frequency and trim frequency spectrum is rare in other family.According to the China comprehensive directory tree ", "Shanghai library collection genealogy feed and genealogical data of Shanxi Province academy of social sciences research center of the catalog of Chinese genealogy records, may has a total of 789 kinds of xu genealogy, only Shanghai library is a collection of 326 kinds.But it is only found in the three in the directory, this directory not contains three public-private hidden will never less than one thousand kinds, but the specific how many, only to be "Chinese genealogy superorder" into later, just can have a roughly the number of accurate.

"Gather the hsu genealogy

"Spectrum of ten (month) ten" :

One should not be faded into language, jump over ceremony;

Unfavorable knowledge, bear responsibility;

Three unfavorable mi at public expense, glides gracefully wait;

And written down four unfavorable diffuse ink, blasphemy!

Five unfavorable comment character, zhou yu mo yan defect;

Six should not be engaged in, the more points, pneumatic waste;

More than seven unfavorable exhort, aggressive, this SOP;

Not from eight unfavorable ShiSu, sex as stubborn;

Nine more-and should not be thought when, that maketh Qiao age;

Ten is unfavorable and duplicity, guilt night forever.

What it was.To such as:

And long after salt to Jude part, a music also;

Union of numerous the to Benedict ZongYi, two music also;

The pecking order, the line is, SanLe also;

Secondly, good table, four joy also;

Traces the deep and remote, on trails, five music also;

Temple in the whole, the tombs in qing dynasty, six music also;

Moved to the place, scoring norm and Ming, seven is;

Without met, may often see, eight music also;

Kin of good to know, its not good also know, nine is;

Virtual life, by hand, ten music also.

And might as well of each other can be, white of, is also dare not deceived by it.

About xu genealogy compilation principles and requirements, we can from the following notice to see about these two genealogies.The two genealogies respectively:

South dongting slowly's genealogy, qianlong for 40 years, "hsu genealogy, guangxu nineteen years.Two spectrum is not a family, not in a region, far more than two hundred years, therefore, in terms of content, scope and focus, there are many discrepancy.Which the hsu genealogy is more detailed, besides has the general sense must notice, spelled out and notice the content of "genealogy rules", make the person be clear at a glance.Genealogy was completed, the print is fixed, numbered points awarded to relevant persons in custody, collection, and have the detailed record.Keeper is still to follow certain rules.Such as "CiNa hsu genealogy has such regulation:" every year oldNew Year's DayHide spectrum with spectrum to the ancestral hall, check after reading in public, as to the two pieces of meat.During the spring and autumn ErZhu years, will each day make spectrum, lest corrosion between the rat injury etc.Genealogy of three points each room to hide, hide not careful to storage, if any, between the bad is lost, as a theory of unfilial.Four series spectrum to the long run, ethnic for inspection.But the review must be in the ancestral hall, candle, incense, soak up the hand to read, according to cheng.The value of love, from the page.On the other clan genealogy, also have similar are not allowed to be checked out, the rules of the stolen.If there are any violations, punishment is ejected from the clan.So all the family is a family of tolerance and full of compassion.Reflected in the family, for some have objective existence and into other surname family can't stand or the content of the spectrum, such as the adopted son, monks, wife, father, etc., can be included in the certain so genealogies.

Rules of the genealogy of the hsu, namely ethnic has become a monk, can indicate a certain temple temple monks, the monks but person, is also the author only, and only the HanLiang in the xu family.Other such as "CiNa hsu genealogy", "moon lake hsu genealogy, or directly included, or monarch discussed, included within the family adopted son.What the new hsu genealogy included not only adopted son, also included his wife the name of the father, the reason is that: "marry a wife will take the name of the father: to women's not famous, therefore, detailed the living also."In the thick spring hsu five fix genealogy "and finally, also set up the" living "and" JiShengLu "two parts, at any time to record the birth or death of the characters in the family, this is rare in other family tree.Xu family mostly have a fixed style and format, generally including spectrum, spectrum sequence, notice, spectrum theory, portrait, RongLu, tuoba who take an examination of, ZuGui French, ancestral hall, WuFu figure, lineage, biography, clan, deed covenant, tombs, pu, stage name, name, grade mercury, eunuch, word remember generation spectrum, continued after the article, such as led spectrum size content, including spectrum, spectrum sequence, portrait, tuoba who take an examination of, lineage, such as a biography is the most common content, is the core part of xu genealogies.

"The east China sea the hsu old spectrum" a book, on page 45, in the eighteenth year of the republic of China by NingLing JiJiao xu, lithographic.The tree while publishing in the period of the republic of China, but it is NingLing hsu in compiling publishing "have no opinion of Yang who pass spectrum", in order to "report this chase away", in the new spectrum is not timing and reprinted in advance old spectrum, it has a very long roots.The spectrum of the first year of beginning Yu Dongjin too rather (323), by the customary tring, spectrum officer xu make meaning and left scattered on often crawl from repair.To the northern song dynasty saint years (1023), the upright by xu famous figures, few scholar Xu Shuang heavy album will fix for five years.In the southern song dynasty and rebuilt several times, to join the preface to the hsu spectrum of zhu xi and wen tianxiang "hsu genealogy as postscript to".Kept the family early some shape of the tree, including spectrum, spectrum sequence, portrait, genealogy table spectral sections and its core part is genealogy table spectrum, although very short, but because of its code to fix an earlier time, save some of the early so important information.