The origin of the tajik

Tajik is one of our country has a long history and splendid culture of ancient peoples, China now has more than 30000 people, 60% of whom live in pamirs of Mr, dry tajik autonomous county library, the rest are mainly distributed in the nearby yarkand, zip, gram tao and mount merapi county, the county has tajik nationality townships.Thrive in the ancient times from the pamirs in the eastern pamir tajiks and different periods of west east tajiks constitutes the tajiks within the territory of China.

Tajik origins can be traced back to the early stage of the 10th century BC, in the amu darya upstream, namely in northern Afghanistan and pamir valley, eminem river middle reaches, ze lai PuHe river valley and the aral sea people who live the bactria, millet, and the flower might submodule of aboriginal people, they are the ancient ancestors of the tajik, namely, says the Iranian people.Tajik indo-european is our country at present the only said Iranian languages language of the nation.Our early ancestors of tajik activity in the eastern pamir area, about 2-3 century AD when they have to shear tashikuergan region "to a part uneven" countries.The name belongs to the eastern Iranian.In the early tang dynasty, the country's return anxi all government jurisdiction.9-16 century AD, the tajik successively by the tubo, clicks khan dynasty, western liao and cahetai jurisdiction.End of the 17th century, in the west of the pamirs kersh portion of the south and the wakhan tajik moving east color Kurt.The early 18th century, tajik converted to Islam.The middle of the 18th century, the qing dynasty in the eastern pamir tajiks regularity populated areas, Kurt back, zhuang BoKeZhi, administrative affairs to yel qiang amban jurisdiction.Xinjiang province after color le Kurt by the yarkand office set up "bypass PuLi points awarded hall", in 1911 changed to PuLi county.1954 national autonomy, autonomous county was established.

Tajik traditional festival

Section 1. Up to now, to take off the corner of John Deere

"Effect to take off the corner of John Deere is a tajik voice", meaning "clear smoke", is a traditional tajik ethnic festivals.Seasons in a year in March (Gregorian calendar), the date selected by the family religious people.First families are moving stuff out of her house and flour dough on the walls painted beautiful decorative pattern, to show his good fortune, clean.Festival, on the morning of a firstThe childLed by yak into the house, to feed it some called naan, flour on it, in the New Year by this symbol people and flourish.After that, people can into the house and put stuff into the house.Finally by a highly respected elders to each blessing, people visit each other, bless each other.A womanGenerally welcome guests at the gate of the home, and left shoulder sprinkle flour to guests to show auspicious.Young people singing and dancing, horse racing, wrestling, etc all kinds of sports activities.

2. The Lantern Festival

The tajik speech meaning elements.Meaning "Lantern Festival".Tajik traditional festival.Popular in xinjiang tashikuergan region.Held each August, lasted two days.First each lantern wick hay.To make a candle.Night the family reunion festival, the accumulation of sand in the room.Family according to seniority, in turn, insert the candles in the sand, then pray in front of the candle.After each point, at the gate of lit one light, symbol of light and happiness.The next night, go to grass family grave.By the parents of the dead relatives of insert three candles, and then to dinner, end of the holiday.

Tajik islamic, xu village officials more interactive exchange platform ethnic festivals are related to religion, the traditional "barrow" section is one of them.

Barrow, tajik nationality festival festival, the Lantern Festival is, every year a month before Ramadan, a total of over two days.From the first day of the festival night.Because of the festival night every family at a special lamps, therefore is called the Lantern Festival.

On the eve of the festival, every family should do more than little lights in the candle and the candle that an outsized.It is on a plateau special "card," caocao do core rod, wrapped in cotton outside, into the torches, dipped in oil or fat.Festival night, the whole family sitting on the kang, kang central put on a sand table, for insert SuYouDeng.

After the family sit together, parents began to call the name of each member, is called a promise to a and plugged it in front of the response to a SuYouDeng, prosperity and good luck.Then, everyone to SuYouDeng baked before with both hands, and then pray, may Allah bless peace in a year.After the ceremony, the whole family a hearty dinner before the lights.CanBi, household to cotton around "card," grass, tied into the torches, and coated with butter, tied on the roof of a ladder into the point, make the roof of the house in flames, shone human eyes.This lamp is called "sky lanterns," said to bring good luck and happiness."Sky lanterns lit, the whole family to stand in front, look up at the sky lanterns" prayed silently, in order to peace.Before his own door, meanwhile, point fire spirits even, the children round the fire watch and jumping happily.This night every household fires lit, people awake, night entertainment, everywhere permeated with the joy of the festival atmosphere.

The next day, began to ancestor worship activities.People came to the graveyard, first to eachThe graveLit three to five SuYouDeng, put oil called naan and cooked mutton offerings, such as with bran, flour, butter and so on to form a "DE", and placed where the lamp on the plate, a first knelt on the grave and pray to the dead, pray for manifestations of ancestors bless family peace, eliminate the disaster.After the ceremony, and exchange in the graveyard sacrifice food, friendly to sit together to eat, and congratulated each other.

Section 3. XiaoGong bahr

XiaoGong bahr section (The Spring Festival) is the oldest traditional festival tajiks, its production and the form can be traced back to ancient times.Holiday in the early morning of that day, and each let a boy led by donkey or an ox in around a week, master to feed the donkey called naan, sprinkle it on the surface, put the ass out of here.And then will move all the things outside the home.Then, people put in all "XiaoGong" led a group of people to the leader of the Chinese New Year), led to New Year.Each also use flour noodles cattle, sheep and plough, etc., livestock feed.Immediate relatives have gathered.Villages also hold a racing, DiaoYang, singing and dancing and other activities.The feast for two days.Religious festival is Islam's three big festival.

4. Id al fitr

Tajiks and id al fitr, but does not attach great importance to for the holiday.Tajiks and id al fitr mazzy, also extend holiday greetings to each other, but not fasting.Before the festival, people clean the room inside and outside health, Fried sanzi, do dim sum, prepare food festival.Generally in the week after, people go to the cemetery memorial dead relatives.People prepared is an abundance of food during the festival, young men and women dressed in festive costumes, visiting relatives and friends, to congratulate each other, together.The tajik people think fasting for cleaning sin.There are a variety of explanations, but the most important is: whether fasting, or is sunni and shia Islam (mainly ismaili) between the ideological differences.About this, tajik people have many ismaili, perhaps it is because of this reason, tajik people not fasting, for id al fitr also not very seriously.Fasting tajik means "seal" or "send", meaning that how to spend the day and the 40 days.Tajiks, therefore, is not willing to fasting.

5. Eid al-adha

Eid al-adha is a traditional festival of Islam and islamic nation are ceremoniously celebrate this festival.

Tajik before eid al-adha custom has in common with other Muslim ethnic groups in China, also have differences.In common is: legend, the start of the eid al-adha festival time, holiday week, used as a sacrifice of cattle and sheep, and so on.Different is that they are in their traditional customs and basis of the material life and spiritual life of the holiday.Tajiks in 1 years ago began to do some preparations for the eid al-adha, lambing period, every household will pick out the black eyes, marks the lamb to pure white color, as sacrifice of eid al-adha.Before the festival comes, the slaughter of the sheep, he would blot out the eyes beautifully, then onto the roof slaughter, slaughter, sheep blood apply to children's forehead and cheek, to show his good luck.Sheep to the boil, then sent to tajiks religious sites and intact maai ha that (mosque), to the related personnel.Directly after is mazzy, all neatly sitting around the table linen, broken uniform distribution of mutton, ate and review what happened in the year, at the same time enjoy looking forward to the future.After meals, after prayer, all groups to extend holiday greetings.In accordance with the habit, before the festival, every family to renovate your house yard, new clothes and rushed festival.Women want Fried sanzi, baking oil called naan, producing all kinds of pastries, purchase all kinds of candy and other food, do the feast.During the festival the girl daughter-in-law don't sew, spin.Remote mountainous area generally without maai Hannah, herders in the appointed place to gather, do directly is mazzy, as sacrifice lamb with fresh.The second day of eid al-adha, each to bring as an offering of meat or food, went to the cemetery memorial undead.

6. Rick's day

Skin rick festival is also a unique characteristics of the tajik ethnic festivals, content is rich and colorful, very grand.Due to this section of the happened to be in the Gregorian one on August 14, 15, and therefore is also called "bharti festival".Rick "because" leather (literal translation for "lantern wick" or "light") as the centerpiece of the festival, so it is also called "leather rick day" (literal translation) "Lantern Festival".

Skin rick section in a couple of days.The first night as a "skin rick" in the home.Cotton soaked in oil first bound on hay rod, to make everyone in the home two oil candle, well after the oil candle inserted in a large bowl filled with sand.At night they sat around the big basin with the oil candle, host do pray first.And then call everyone's name, in order to know whether it is present.Then the oil burning candle, lection, pray for god bless, a first eyes oil candle, bless each other.After the ceremony, the food festival food.The next day, people pay New Year call each other, "rick cemetery skin" ceremony at night.Families are made specially for dead relatives murder and ready for all kinds of food, in order to get to the graveyard at night memorial relatives.Cemetery skin after rick lit, family squatted on the ground to pray: "ancestors, we won't forget your contribution to the world, will never forget your great dead, rest in peace, we will not live up to your wishes, and may your undead help us!"And then families people sit together, eat meals with food.

From the perspective of the form and content of skin rick section, its essence is to fire, fire worship, praise this o f.It's quite clear that the worship of fire, praise the fire is not the practice of Islam, but the core idea of zoroastrianism.In the scripture of zoroastrianism in the avesta, the symbol of fire was deified as a series of social content.

Before the introduction of Islam, tajiks believe in zoroastrianism.Are accepted Islam is not intact, but only after merge with zoroastrianism is accepted gradually.Remains of zoroastrianism in the tajik people not only skin rick section, in the other aspects of life can be seen, when the solar eclipse, lunar eclipse, bonfire;When the child is born, to be on the threshold lit fireworks;Herders transitions, around or buffaloes lit fireworks;The patient through prayer point fireworks, busy in burying the dead of night to light around the grave.

7. ZuWuEr section

In tajik "ZuWuEr" to "pilot", this festival belongs to the farming festivals, reflect the nature of the pamirs environment and industrious tajiks corresponding production activities.Tashikuergan region inhabited by tajiks cold and sparsely populated, landscape freeze in the winter, the spring comes, need to break open ice, water diversion into the canal, plow planting.But a family water diversion plow never alone, the whole village out together, ZuWuEr section is based on the reality of formation.Whenever festival approaching, must do some preparation work, with the coming of spring, in the main channel and frozen soil (soil can speed up the melting) and ready for all kinds of tools, but also baked three big festival called naan (a stay at home, two hold toward the pilot site).Water diversion, the whole village under meera just officer (water) to ride a horse to the water point, take part in the labor ice shaping channels.After water diversion into the canal, people get together, eat meals with holiday KaoNang, children are mutual liao water frolicking.Later, people prayed together, pray for good crop weather, a good harvest.Then, people held a grand where sheep, horse racing and other activities, celebrate the water festival, at this moment, the whole village was transported with joy.

After the festival began farming.One period, the holiday is considered wasteful and cancelled, implement the responsibility system for later, not only restored the traditional festival, also added some new content, and to remove part of the content is not consistent with the spirit of the time.

Section 8. Iron or wood face gas lift

"Iron or wooden face gas" for the tajik, means "seeds" or "seeded", so it is also called "farming".The festival water diversion section that follows.Time is the first day of the formal seeding.

This festival, the farmers have to KaoNang first, to do a called "force the" rice (barley ground cooked and crushed cheese mixed together to make a meal).Neighborhood extend holiday greetings to each other, the current to extend holiday greetings to go out, when women followed out water, to pray for a good harvest.Will also feed cows (feed) the dough and knead into a cattle feed cattle and plough shape, then symbolically decorated the seeds in your pocket, please rich farming experience of the old farmer seed to the field.Burning cigarette to sow his seed., when a man sow, the rest will be lifted, skirt Eric seeds fall into my arms, and will bring back the seeds.Then please a blessed old woman sat in the middle, one symbolically in circles around her and turned to dig the land, and then, people distribute seeds left in your pocket.During the cultivation, the whole village is full of the atmosphere of mutual cooperation, interpersonal relationship is very harmonious.

In general, tajik traditional festival variety, rich in content and form is also more complex.Some reflect the tajik people since the ancient times the philosophy of nature, society, human relations, some reflect the tajik form of religion and religious activities, have reflected the tajik various production activities, the festival activities also reflects the tajik people's aesthetic concepts, moral concepts and the related knowledge and experience of social life.

Tajik custom taboo

Living on the plateau, tajik, in the long nomadic life, formed many taboos, these taboos represent their habits and customs.

They do not eat dead, killed in meat of the animals and the blood of animals, and diet such as pigs, dogs, horses, donkeys and mules livestock meat, but also not to eat the Wolf, bear, fox, rabbit meat, etc.They especially love to animals, ban on kicking, called sheep, cattle and other livestock, and shall not be rode through the flock or close to the pen, and avoid the sheep to watch in the lambing.Every Wednesday, on Sunday not to sell livestock, this two days also not debts owed to others, so they don't go to these two day for debt, others not to buy stock or debt.

On food and salt special care, to use foot salt and food, is considered to be a sinner.See salt and food fall to the ground, it is not easy to pick up on high was stepped on.

Respect for the elderly, young support help and loyalty to friends, is considered to be a virtue, otherwise you will be condemned by public opinion.