The origin of the xibe nationality

Historically, xibo nationality is a few people know, unknown, weak and small nations have more than 20 different calling and writing.As in the western han dynasty is called must be ab;After the eastern han dynasty is called xianbei, west low, rhinoceros Pi, professional than Pi and private teacher ratio, etc.;Northern wei, sui, tang and song dynasties, known as room and wei wei, lost around;During the yuan dynasty and early Ming dynasty is known as the loss of will and son;In the late Ming dynasty and qing dynasty in history, then write real ", said the nation's family inclined shiva, washed white, Shi Bo, west, northwest, seat, seat north, XiBo, tin, tin, xibe north.Close to the word first appeared in the qing MAO memoir about ulla department, tin na area were killed after the sun "fled to xibo department was the city", after gradually appeared in the joseon dynasty such as SAN wu ji.The history books with more and more close to two characters, basic unified use of xibe after xinhai revolution.Northwest of xibo genealogies use wording, etc.After the founding of the People's Republic of China, in the ethnic composition, using the "close" 2 words, this is the wording of a unified, standardized.

Xibo nationality traditional festival

Section 1. Moving west

Lunar calendar is April 18th xibe nationality's westward section, close call du for commercialisation of section.Before 1 6th century, xibo ancients generations live in songnen plain and the hulunbuir prairie.One of the eight century, the qing government from shengjing (shenyang) and other characteristics of adjustable xibo soldiers of 1018 people, together with their families, a total of 3275 people, led by the manchu officials, westward the ili region of xinjiang for reclamation.This year the lunar April 18th, moved west xinjiang xibe and northeast of xibo nationality, old and young, men and women who gathered in shengjing xibe family shrine, taiping temple, worshiping ancestors, dinner to say goodbye.Xibo soldiers and their families in the morning, and bid farewell to the fellows in hometown, went on a long journey westward.After five months of the year trek, to reach the ili region of xinjiang.Of qapqal xibe autonomous county is the compound, they had the xibe people there are their children and grandchildren, so the current part of the national scholars believe that there should be called "yuan festival" is more accurate.

More than two hundred years have passed, lunar April 18th on this day, people will be grand commemorative activities, and to this day as their own traditional festivals.

Moving west festival on this day, xibo men, women and children are dressed up, gather together, playing loud "Boolean" east, blowing g "ink", heartily jumped up, rhythm and lively dance energetic "belle".Girls "shaking the shoulder", boys of the step "duck", to express for hometown thoughts and dreams of the future a better life.

Moving west section is xibo people do not forget national traditional festival.

This festival activities focusing on the xibo bright long cultural tradition, national psychology, national emotion, folk beliefs, folk customs and all kinds of craft and song and dance art, has the rich cultural connotation and precious value.

Section 2. Smear

Smear section is another interesting xibo people, unique traditional festivals.Legend, the day of the first lunar month every year 16 day "god" of the grain to mundane, tour people to discredit her face each other, don't put the smut of is to pray for the grain is not spread to the world, make the wheat harvest, the people safe.So this day, people get up very early and the late smears prepared cloth (bottom of the pot with black ash) or ZhanPian take to the streets to discredit the object.When I do the youth groups banded from string to discredit a cause.Meet old people also don't pass, but you have to kneel ground upon inquire to the old man forehead with a small black dot, in order to show respect.Especially girl, few people can escape on the face is not a disgrace, at this time the girls also not afraid, use the same method to shame.

Xibo section "smear" according to legend, xibe people due to suffer from the danger of wheat smut developed this unique festival.The 16th day the sun rises every year, prepared in xibo people toward the face daub pot black ashes.Relatives and neighbors visit each other, not sons and nephews generation in the first place to the old man knelt down, in boiler ash at its point of forehead, then scribble between peers, until one by one all be black face.Only young women do not advocate shame.This custom purpose in prayed to god for mercy, don't let the wheat smut.

About the origin of discredit section, xibo circulated at many legends.According to legend a long time ago, aA womanPull the excrement is pancake, because children, she went between wipe a bottom with the bread to the children.The mistake broke the dogma, the jade emperor decided to 16 in the shape of the sun burned human and food.The decision to the land of god, a burst of benevolence, earth god secretly tell people, before the day will come, people all want to discredit her face, let the jade emperor mistakenly believe that the world has been ravaged by, to cancel the divine retribution.

3. Close section

Xinjiang xibo compatriots called "Du Yin worship only to plunge into the gentry", is the xibe nationality's westward - anniversary, because time is the lunar April 18th, so called "four and one section".This is more than two hundred years of xibe people's traditional festivals, mark part of xibo westward motherland northwest frontier ili region, stationed garrison the heroic feats.And there was a missing loved ones.Westwards, officers and soldiers to the day before, westward officers and soldiers and their families and relatives off elder brothers and sisters friends gathered in taiping temple "xibe family temple", had to leave rice, drink the wine to leave. For the uniform moving west compatriots farewell dinner.From then on, every year the lunar April 18th, in xibe CunTun, should be intempleGongZao inside,Kill pigGo head, eat rice, sorghum, every household for dinner, in honor of the historical feat, xibo westward to renew performance, to defend the frontiers of the motherland northwest honour the parting of the same flesh and blood.

4. The grain bin filling festival day

January 25, commonly known as "grain bin filling festival festival".Farmers to the granary incense every week, inserted on LiangDun, also in straw ash ring around the hoarding sprinkle ash, sprinkle ash lap clean finish read: "big stock, small, according to the flow, harvest good year this year".And sprinkle with grey circle in front of the gate, so as to ward off evil spirits.

5. The section

The festival is a traditional festival of xibo nationality in choose each year before the start of spring.Festival on this day, each choose a pig head, in your backyard to set the altar, with water pouring pig body first, parents incense in pigs sway under three mouth to read the message, facing the west ritual, her pray to god and god bless people and flourish, made a good harvest.Then kill pig, pig blood spilled in aswp mane buried in soil.In the pig boil half ripe for the offerings on the table.If festival this day or every other day in this year's harvest year good omen.If the holiday or on alternate dayswindy, so this year could be a bad omen, going to the tree worship of praying to god and god, pray for eliminating the evil out.Rob thousand candle, xibo nationality traditional festival.Lunar calendar October 23rd.After going to do families before the candle.Candle is a special kind of made, and the oil well to specify the temple after.The candle candle unlimited number, and then have a lama, heavy do a candle in the middle of the temple toward the moon, is surrounded by various little candle symbolizes the stars.Sometimes the little candle as many as thousands more.Holiday morning, lama candle sacrifice in advance, at that time, people have arrived at the temple.Start until commanded announced rob candle, not afraid of the candle hot, after fierce competition, people take the candle to the face of the grab home, again make baked bread, eat in the morning, the day got the candle, they think the festival no children in the home will have a son, the son of his back to more prosperous in the future.Xibo offering star, xibo nationality traditional festival, every year the lunar December 27.Holiday, and pick a fat sheep, wash clean, after slaughter, put a table in the courtyard, the slaughter of sheep on the table, in to put a small kang table in court by Westinghouse's corner, placed in the above seven candles, put into the big dipper, then lit.And in the northwest of courtyard wall according to the position of the big dipper ingot good sharpener in advance seven stake, lit a candle on each stake.Will be cooked lamb for a night, the night praying seven stars bless.

Xibo nationality customs and taboos

A taboo, open

No sit, or across the clothes, hats, pillow, being;

Are not allowed to be put through the pants, shoes, socks heights;

Are not allowed to be down the kang flue sleep;

No sitting on the threshold or standing and walkingHave a meal, meals to immediately picked up;

Are not allowed to be on the first day to fifth day sewing, refers to "avoid needle";

Not allowed to marry GuNianTou 3 years backThe Spring Festival, see light;

No dogs, cats indoorsThe bodySkip, not their "sunrise.

These taboos of xibo nationality, along with the development of society, changes in lifestyle and culture quality enhancement, has set up a file in the disappeared.

Second, keep the taboo

Don't eat dog meat.Never kill dogs or eat dog meat, or even without the items that goes with the dog, such as leather products, hats, gloves, pants, coat, pad, etc.Other ethnic friends and relatives to xibo was wearing a string of GouPiMao, gloves, in the home not to be brought into the back room, want to put in the outhouse.

Also some taboos, such as no women's foot-binding is to maintain the normal lifeHave a haircutEducation;Are not allowed to be in the first west mountain wall, urine is to maintain the health;Home inns is sick again,The childThe chickenpox, womenTo have childrenEtc., should be in large frame or tree red cloth or a small bundle of grass, in a show of not allowed inside, to prevent infection;Avoid strike empty bowl with chopsticks, it is reflect civilized behavior;Attaches great importance to the practice of "eight", thought that "get hair from eight", I like a table for eight people, sedan one carrying eight people...Less than this number, also want to strongly Qin into, in an effort to geely.Festival day meal, less than 8 person, also set meal of eight people.