The origin of the kelao

Kelao long history, is one of the earliest pioneers in guizhou plateau.Guizhou folk proverb is "barbarians GeLao, forest planting grass".In long ethnic evolution course, kelao, together with other ethnic groups to jointly develop and enrich the history and culture of guizhou plateau.

Kelao originates from the ancient "PuRen".So far in the northwest of guizhou yi will still kelao referred to as the "actual", every kelao ancestors once lived in the yis often dubbed the "actual" sound.Such as call beipanjiang river "simply spit the garment", meaning "river" PuRen digging, called anshun "prachanda (actual)", meaning "PuRen place" and so on.In many places with "actual" pitch in guizhou generally associated with ancient PuRen activity.If there is "lalu which" dafang, ", which ", "method of fruit which";Really have "(which) a one-time";Was Yang have "pu (actual) liu," and so on place names.PingBa big dog kelao of the ancestor worship day each year, by offering the father of the "actual old straight", "PuKeLao, simply pay the west", "four" in which water, at the "actual" champions league first, it illustrates the kelao relationship with ancient "PuRen" origin.

Ancient "PuRen" vast ethnic group is a distribution, the pre-qin period that is active in yunnan, guizhou, sichuan southwest, large areas of north guangxi and western hubei, because the lineage is various, so it is also referred to as the "best which".As early as Monday, PuRen namely attended zhou ji fa leadership of cutting up the battle.PuRen since the zhou dynasty was established to belong to the people."Reason", wang shifu book will "" PuRen gong cinnabar," explains PuRen subordinate relations with the central plains dynasty.Shang and zhou period PuRen society in general has entered the stage of tribal alliances and formed a huge tribal group.In the spring and autumn period, PuRen group established valves can tribes such as small in sheep valves.The pipe in quantico, don't remember the duke says: "more than a train of nine, chariot of three, nine governors, a KuangTianYi.Wu, yue, and, walking on the south sheep walking can carving, relief, not age, topic, black teeth, JingYi nation, violations of my life ".During the spring and autumn period, PuRen in their fight with chu, activity gradually narrowed down, most fusion, the family with his part was forced to move west.Shi-ji chu family "describes the metonymy 37 years (704 BC), chu simply," presentation which with the "historical facts.Later, in 611 BC, according to "national language", "best elk people rate which to choose, the generation of chu", and was beaten by chu.In 525 BC, chu "westwards to cut to simply", gradually to compress PuRen group to hunan and guizhou plateau area, become today the body of the residents in guizhou.

Kelao traditional festival

1.The Spring Festival

Kelao is the biggest holiday of the year, from the first to the fifteenth day, wants to compare chic has held various entertainment activities, "dozen flower dragon" and "the playing fieldeggs".Flower dragon with fine mie into balls, built-in broken bowl and one or two pieces of copper, make its collided into sound.Dozens of times, people gathered on the flower Long Po, two people playing, a group of young men and women can participate in.Mie eggs slightly bigger than a flower dragon, is also with bamboo sticks into balls and stuffed with straw.Now, in the festival in addition to this kind of traditional cultural activities, all the ball games and all kinds of song and dance show, people's cultural life more colorful.Lunar October the first "cow group", then make two pieces of big glutinous rice zi ba hung on horn, petunia to the water, let the cattle to see the shadow, then feeding cattle with glutinous rice samples.

Section 2. The mountain

The lunar march, hills, sunny, spring rain, happy and harmonious ChunYan return, all things recovery, is the crucial moment of the spring production, kelao consecration of the mountain.The mountain general grade in March, and there are first Yin or the third day in March.The mountain village as the unit of their respective organizations.Takes only one name, the mountains shall be presided over by the eldest branch hereditary;More surname clans of the stockade, then take turns to host, each year by the number of common duty, cast the way to determine the duty, the host face scared tree, sacrifice, respectfully call of gods to enjoy sacrifices, and pray the god to bless QuanZhai clean peace, the grain harvest, animals thrive, man will yak rake, woman will be spinning weaving, to have more children.Making the hillside was GeLao people as sacred, is love, no horses and cattle to trample, people may not cut down the trees on the hill, and not the mountains cutting wood cut the grass at random, objectively have played a role in afforestation.

3. GeLao years

The Spring Festival is the lunar calendar in March third, kelao.At the appointed time to prepare, wine, meat, chicken, rice and other worship gods or seedlings of land.Think worship the gods will be auspicious peace.Offerings after used, or in the mountain village in front of the feeding.Local kelao people called New Year's day, commonly known as GeLao years.Each year the day after eating breakfast, of the house of people men and women, old and young, should be dressed in a new national costume, carrying kelao peculiar five pipe many ethnic Musical Instruments and mie eggs (with bamboo sticks into using cotton fill solid pellets) national sports equipment, such as meat food and wine, gathered from all directions to bury the old ancestors tombs on the lawn.People here, the chiefs of the nativeSet off firecrackersOfferings and set spear, said Chinese New Year begins.Then the people free combination, begin to do all kinds of recreational activities.When people have fun around two o 'clock in the afternoon, it is focused on the old ancestral grave and ancestor worship.Sacrifice when the elders in the former, young players in the back, by the leaders will bring the 10 live chicken (5 only cock, hen 5, only a year take by 10 families) to kill, to worshiping ancestors over spilt blood drip into the wine.National language should be used when festivals honor ancestors "forest planting grass" feat, pray for the ancestors bless the children live long and prosper.Ancestor worship is completed, and then transferred to the people and according to the pecking order lawn, in the face of mountain forest, worship gods and "seedlings land".Pray to gods and with national language kelao seedlings land "" the people's good harvest and animals.After the sacrifice, and began to eat the meal.When eating the meal, according to the number is divided into several tables, no matter the age size, as long as the same seniority was sitting on a table.Each table of 10 people, according to the seniority squatted on the lawn in a circle, issueing high sitting in the front row, issueing short in the back, with a few generation set rows.Each table with a bowl of chicken soup and a wooden bowl spoon poon choi in the center of the circle, each respect a cup of drink and began to eat the meal.After he finished his meal to their home.

4. A new section

Crop firstfruits, is a new season, kelao eat eat a new section of time, and the earth.Eat new day, men and women dressed up to the village near shelf-spacerice, wool barnyard grass, the next day will valley, barnyard grass ground for grain of rice, the collective slaying oxen, and 1 head.On the third day morning with new rice steamed rice, ancestor worship, cooked beef along with 愐 pregnant ancestors of forest and grass work.The finish, share si content.Beef divide families back to that is left in the fourth back along with the new rice into the clasp on the dustpan by hand grasp for their ancestors, the whole family to eat again.In some places in six hanging ears hang in focal Angle on both sides of the hanger, plate mat on the waxy straw, grass on the diameter of about a foot several, small glutinous rice samples and small samples with samples molded into the storehouse again put the plate left, plough, rake, cattle and other board right, big jialing bowl, chopsticks, glass is placed on, according to some extent burning incense paper bow down, by the parent to read please forefathers to eat the rice, bless family peace.In some places it is three days to eat new activity.Before afternoon, various will valley each man ethnic food;The next day afternoon QuanZhai concentrated cultivator, valley, division of start new valley baked-on pounded into meters, grinding bean curd, slaying oxen, in the village collective consumption after bazi in the valley of god;Dinner is on the third day afternoon with the rest of the food again.Eat corn new section, most from themselves plowed the fields.

5. Cow group

October 1, the lunar calendar, is a traditional festival of kelao "cattle Kings".Living in guizhou renhuai, kelao zunyi area, also called "worship the cow king bodhisattva" or "king of the cattle.Local kelao, at the end of the day, people will kill the chicken for wine, incense burning candle burn, in front of the cow manure worship cattle king bodhisattva, wish it bless cattle body is healthy, no disease no disaster.According to kelao talent lady says, this day is to celebrate the birthday, reward cattle the contributions to the GeLao people.Cattlemen's house, to this day to stop the use, to rest at home, and the cow manure immaculate, thick soft mat grass, using the best forage grass and fodder feed cows.At the same time, also with a classy glutinous rice two zi ba, hung on cow horns, respectively, and the cow to the water, let it means his shadow from the water.Then remove the zi ba, to eat, said it was for birthday.In some places, still need to put a string of firecrackers, to the ox prix red injured, congratulations.No cattle people, also want to caterers, meat, sweet wine, candles, paper line, to their own field or soil sacrifice cattle king bodhisattva, pray it bless cattle on their own as soon as possible to buy, or lease right, while others are cattle use to listen to his boss, plow up to fast and good.

6. The mid autumn festival:

Kelao is an ancient ethnic in China, as early as the tang and song dynasty recorded in history books.The most solemn and impressive and traditional festival of the kelao is the mid autumn festival (August 15 to 20).Before the festival, the whole family, old and young, to put on new clothes, ground level ground of the stockade.Several young people took a head wearing a large red cow, "old", the elder in the village began to pray, pray for good harvest.Band played "the eight immortals" song, at the same time, powder gun, set off firecrackers.Then kill cattle, cut cattle heart, each a, said the whole family together.Then, "old" also leads the holding pig, old chicken, goose dishes that look, the bodhisattva sacrifice under the tree.To rise, the whole family gathered to dine together, until dark.The next day, after the family held a family dinner, women together and giving back;Member of the men of street, singing, chat.It is said that the young men and women of the song and dance activities continue to the last day of the festival.

Section 7. Eat worms

And every year the lunar June 2, is kelao "eat insects festival".On this day, every table put by a few dish of other flavors - Fried grasshoppers, pickled sour Fried grasshoppers, sweet chrysalis, burning fire aphid m loach, etc.

There are also some areas called "the tree" "the mountain", because kelao generations living in the mountains, love the mountains, respect is completely understandable."The mountain" the specific object is a village near lush tall old tree, it is the embodiment of the tenacious vitality.Sacrifice, for the unit with the village only adult male.In addition to the sacrifice, the wizard to sing folk song "offering pray the god bless village of peace, good harvest, people and prosperity.

Section 8. Worship finches

"Birds" is the national totem, kelao annual lunar month the new moon is a traditional kelao worship finches festival festival, sacrificial ceremony, such as traditional folk art performances.For inheriting intangible cultural heritage protection and kelao national culture, held on this day in 2010 on yao yao kelao respect finches on festival."Respect finches festival is GeLao ancestors has been passed down from generation to worship god worship of birds comprehensive folk custom activity, the children pray for kelao people developed, prosper, a ritual activities of good harvest.According to yao on representing the genealogy records, worship finches section at least 300 years of history, "respect finches festival" sparrow "as the core, including the worship sparrow, preserve the ecological environment of residential buildings and dynamic content of folk culture.

Worship finches, kelao compatriots to visitors to show the charm of content: a road section finches sacrifice, sing, worship road wine, performing trombone suona, GeLao Mao Long, GeLao marriage customs, folk song singing, yao good impression.On pit, cattle, poles, broken wrist, and arrived in tooth strength, catch chickens and other unique characteristics of the rural folk sports activities.

9. Water

Zunyi county and services ChuanDao really kelao GeLao person in miao autonomous county, has the custom of "steal" feeling.

Spring on the first day of the lunar "spring", families clean the house, the water to pick, and firecrackers are ready."Spring" on the day, not to wash clothes, washing clothes think will make water dirty, don't sweep the floor, not water."Rob feeling" is the unmarried man or a woman in the home.Several unmarried men or women, such as home that is assigned by the parents of both honest, capable, and witty, brave man as;If no unmarried men and women in the home, borrowed from relatives or neighbors a and on the first night please go to live in the home.

Chicken first round, "and the" people get up quietly and water jacket tool dark moved nearer the edge, don't make any noise, nor, shaking or think will disturb "feeling".Then spoon gently with the bowl of water, generally having twelve bowl (leap month having 13 bowl).Scoop after he opened his mouth to cry out: "rob water!"Starting then lit firecrackers, the shock of the stockade, whose firecrackers ring first, means the snatching "TouShui", the doll is hard-working.People have to well or spring carry water, on the way home and shouted "feeling to my house to my house..."Returned home immediately boil water, boil" feeling ".Then burn a pot of tea for the family after getting up, each drink a cup of "feeling" sweet tea, scented tea to drink a cup of honey m, eat yuanxiao, wish the whole family peace.

10. Liuhe feast

"Liuhe", refers to the "unity, tolerance, tolerance, honesty, and worshipping, good," and this is GeLao ancestors and GeLao person's code of conduct and code of ethics, is the most typical GeLao culture spirit depend on.

So, in honour of the ancients forest GeLao chopping grass, proponents of "harmony", and "seven rules" (benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, loyalty, filial piety, respect, let), festival or at the end of each year, people would take out their best food, gathered in the village of ancestral temple dou wine bucket, to renew a year a year of hard work, the celebration of harvest joy, this is the "liuhe feast" kelao until now.

Kelao custom taboo

Not stand on weekdays and stopped at the door, or sitting on the threshold, especially women more can't do that.

A womanCan't go to bar tent to sleep;Two men, women can't from in between.

New wifeHave a mealNo earlier than 1 stressed, unless they are not at home;New wife may not be in front of pubic and uncle to pick a scarf, or is considered to be very polite;Daughter-in-law and his wife may not be eating with GongDie, uncle deskmate.The guest that take the door, the whole family to suspend all the work, set up to meet;If they are men, women will have to leave (except for the elderly).

Home has long, no one can be said that bad luck.

New Year's day, avoid is sweeping the floor, water, or raw food (cooking), horse riding, plough, and pour dirty water in the door.At the same time no man with a hoe, rake, a woman with a needle and thread.On the first day, the second day not bask in clothes, or think there will be a strong wind will roof jie;On the first day, ising a not happy New Year.In some places women avoid going out at New Year.

Ban on women to participate in the ancestor worship and the god of wealth, also prepare for men who, because of ancestor worship is very serious matter, so need to make by clean people.Women haveThe childTouch the manure dirty, if they think they take part in the ritual is a great disrespect to ZuGong, the god of wealth.In addition, the ancestor worship and the and ZuGong related with it.Kelao women mostly foreigners, ZuGong offerings will ignore about the people, will be angry to blame.Ancestor worship and the former does not put a fetish of pepper, who made will have a headache;A fetish shall not be put on the dog, otherwise you will blind;Shall not put the leftover food, otherwise you will random mouth and tongue.Male for ancestor worship, the child in the home may not crying loudly, otherwise the ZuGong mi.

Lunar August 15th evening offerings by the steel blue tree shall not relieve, not cool, it may not be tied to the cattle, or that will be of sores flow field and the evil;Livestock is not flourishing, a mother is not born;Malaria, or up the mountain when it fell dead.

Delivery or funeral of the family, avoid strangers casually.

Parents are dead, no daughter near;When buried, no women near the grave.After the burial, the funeral to detours to turn back, don't go the way.buriedThe deadUse of stone, wood and so on can't use them;Buried after death not dig buried for the second time, or that will affect the next generation of prosperity.

Men don't planting, women don't plough, rake field.

In some areas in the "cow" or "Ma Ri" thunder and avoid planting, feathers.