The origin of the tus

Tu nationality and the Mongolian has a close relationship.In mutual minority, widely circulated at ancestors came from the mongols, and genghis khan to day, (hot) effort to stay today in huzhu county area, with the local hall after marriage, procreation and the legend of the tus.The two communities in the past, the lattice, as the people to worship the ancestors.

Chinese history books have genghis khan and his Mongol armies have to xining region.Mutual XianShu xining state at the time, but with the legend.Stability of Ming dynasty who mongols attacked, move mutual minority autonomous county so far.As for the hall, the original is to live in northern Tibet and Tibet Tibetan nomads areas north of a general.Modern Tibetan history was used to refer to huihe or Mongolia, has specifically to tu.Huzhu county district, county, or of the chariot, auspicious, He Erchuan, named living legends because the hall of people.According to research, tu the fabled hall people are likely to be only one.This has to do with the two communities within the territory of about claim to be "soil" (sound muddy vomit).The word is, of course, some people think that hall will Chinese writing.From spitting muddy, xixia, qidan, Mongolia and the xiongnu tribe invitation which, is in a period of resistance and Mongolia is the main part.This pushed the minority ethnic source back to the earlier period.But tend to be more unified understanding is: only in the history of the human body, absorbed in the later part of qiang, the tangut, Tibetan, Mongolian, han and other ethnic composition form.

Minority traditional festival

1.The Spring Festival

Spring Festival is one of the most grand festival between the two communities.More than ten days before the festival begin to prepare, cleaning the house, sewing clothes.Kill pigSlaughtered sheep, flipping Fried buns, brewing barley wine, such as a busy scene.Folk have "thirty fast lunar, slow in the first month, but not to stay".

Generally speaking, the Spring Festival is much more than ten days.Lunar 30 day, peacetime use of furniture and other objects have to consciously get back., cleaned the courtyard houses to paste couplets and New Year pictures and money horses, set in the middle of the table of the main table sweetmeats, three great god for fu, lu, shou, offer "crisp dish" < steamed bread > wine with red jujube and other offerings.In the evening, people to the ancestral graves to burn, and then eat the meal, also called family reunion dinner, the traditional way is to big fat and strip surface.To the family reunion on New Year's eve night, some people work out the production income, some plan for next year spring do.The day to night don't sleep at night, somebodydrinkingSinging, chat someone telling a story, everyone is happy.God began to pick up after the midnight, point light,Set off firecrackers.The day of the old people go to village joss sticks of wood, the new clothes and person to elder happy New Year.Close room and relatives.

On the first morning, chicken is the first time, which is around four o 'clock in the morning, men climbed the mountain to worship activities.Women and children started in festival costumes, etc., coming down as shortly before dawn the sun also rises, started in the home to elder happy New Year.Then, come out to the relatives and friends happy New Year, treat each other in tea.The so-called in tea, including eating flesh.

Withdraw all the fifteenth day of the night for a god, incineration of money.At night to eat meat or surface oil filling wonton, in two wonton package into two pieces of copper, who are on the painting of a bowl wonton, copper money presage a lucky in the New Year.At nightfall, gate stacked seven wheat haystack, from light during the day, tightly packed inside the kitchen fire, ignite hay ledge, continuous jump three times the fire, her family and eliminate evil, linkman mouth thief "!Scattered!"Kept waving, and will deliver a torch to the top of the mountain or a long distance.People watch the light color, dark yellow fire, temperatures, rainfall is more, a good harvest in sight;Light yellow, is considered abnormal climate, the drought.Still burn vinegar on 15 night, play, in the vinegar into the two heat up a small stone, from the heat, so as to disinfect.

2. The 20th day

Sanchuan tu said that day is the birthday of the crops.Because the lunar month between to twenty or so is seasonal, Yang.Farmers began to sow.At night to eat oil filling wonton, mixed in the oil filling put a few grains of wheat grain, leftover wonton to livestock, to show the crops is the treasure of nurturing stock raising.

3. On

In the lunar calendar lunar calendar in February.(three sichuan minority) every wonderful eat soy bean >, peas, wheat and so on.Since the day can hear the thunder in the local, at first hearing, the belly rub, immediately think such pain in his stomach.Fry eat hemp m mean, all kinds of food after the winter break, began to germinate the grave.

laba

(three sichuan minority) the wee hours of house to the back of the floodplain back a few piece of ice on the fruit trees or dunghill.They hold a heap of wheat straw, respectively, in the field on the dunghill and burning under the trees.The courts hold a bowl of water, after being frozen, according to the shape of ice bulge crops harvest next year.Morning eat wheat berry rice and wheat berry besmear is on all kinds of fruit trees, tapping the tree with a stick, asked: "can not bear fruit"?Next to the other man replied: "knot, knot, knot!"

After breakfast, children spontaneously organized worship gods and wax ye (refers to worm class in the charge of god >.They collect Chinese tallowtree seed oil, wheat flour, incense table from families, such as firewood, take kitchen to provide, to choose a wild places, the kitchen, Fried cake, share, the remaining oil, noodles, etc to do a pan of oil doughball rice, painting a bowl of splashing around in the branches to the side: mouth prayer: "pour to day, pour to the ground, bless sheep Eva in peace.Splashing to the god, the Wolf in the eyes of hemp spread: to wax pour wine, pests does not hurt people and livestock and crops.Doughball yarn said, eat oil, incense.Home after worship.

4. Dan ma will play

Mutual Dan ma rural Dan ma village, in the lunar calendar 15 June 11 solstice sing green crops, formulate local rules at the same time, strengthen the protection of green measures.How people here for the theatre, therefore calls "Dan ma play".Dan ma will play across the eastern region of mutual aid, the influence of the people of all nationalities, especially minority people wore ceremonial dress, like color people gathered from all directions to Dan ma play ground, men and women, old and young smile, tourist groups, hexagon ChengHuo, or the whole family, friends or relatives, or songs with close friends...Clusters, coils, sitting on the lawn, streams, tree-lined, railings, live chat, the life philosophy;Especially in the folk singers, "flowers" the king is the most active, they expressed in singing a vision of a happy life.O tu gu and boys wearing the latest best clothes, wear a variety of colorful decorations, looking for their loved one, and relate to each other.

5. The meal

"Meal" is a minority voice, meaning "play", "entertainment", "game", is about the official pavilion, nakagawa, gan ditch area of qinghai province minority people's festival the harvest festival, therefore also called "cultivators", "harvest festival", "July", etc.

The annual naughton in each village as the main body of the group activities.At the end of the wheat field in late summer, until autumn, generally from the lunar September 15th, July 12 solstice, lasted nearly 2 months, so people call it "the world's longest carnival".But its origin, is a mysterious atmosphere pervaded the since ancient times.Local circulated at many magical legend of the origin of naughton.Legend once upon a time there was a skilled tu carpenter, admiring the emperor also called him to build the palace.Three years later, a stately palace built, its pageantry.But the evil emperor in order to enjoy the world all the good things, was ordered to kill a carpenter.Carpenter overnight fled to the hometown, the organization had not real abuse of the villagers to rebel uprising.When the emperor sent a large number of troops came to town 丨 pressure.Clever carpenter a brainwave, immediately let the folks beating drums, carried the good dwelling, waving weapon has been coated with dye, Shouting "good!"Walked towards the village temple.The emperor's army was baffled, the villagers told them: "we are celebrating this year's harvest, jump, thank the gift of god, and the army withdrew.Then in order to commemorate the clever carpenter.The annual naughton is stuck, then gradually formed a celebration of the harvest now.

6. Tu bobo will

For minority language "bobo", meaning the mage dojo.Commonly known as TiaoShen.

Huzhu county of qinghai province is not only of Tibetan Buddhism, but faith from han to direct incoming god (礻's).Worship god (礻's)templeHeld each year to reward god worship, some places have no fixed temple, also want to put up tents temple to worship, to "wave" for dojo, please.

"Bobo will" main ceremony are: vertical complications, TiaoShen, evocation, complications, divination, etc.In front of the temple, set 10 meters high complications, buried 60 cm deep, implication for 33 heaven and eighteen layers of hell.With yellow table and paper clip moire, water wave, word wen long complications and long-term pattern such as, woes, hung on the pole head, vertical to the ground, the trail of the top of the pole cross two teeth fork, fork, pointed the poking a big steamed bread.Inaba rope tied the package with five colours, red dates, peanuts, fruit grain, COINS and other objects of an egg shaped thing "food".The climax of "bobo will" is the last day, as the dojo take all offerings to the square, simmer mulberry, lighting, lighting, kowtowing to pray.Then the archmage the captain, the rest of the wizard later, holding dharma drum, dressed in a shirt, wearing a mitre, qi knock on drums, say, left turn right, the family moved forward, after also do all sorts of action.Mage TiaoShen generally about two or three hours.Archmage practice evocation, then pour a small porcelain hook, meaning to a young soul for god.So every season "bobo", people give boy wearing a fitted with garlic bread, five-color, five small red cloth bag, to avoid the tick off the soul.Put the complications, the crowd watching steal an egg shaped thing "food" and the rod head of steamed bread, steamed bread are no longer born "took", "food an egg shaped thing" can rid disaster has avoided.People also tore a little trail of paper, as a child at evil.

"Bobo will" is a traditional minority folk custom activity, February, march, seiqnyied bat on the day, such as many minority of qinghai huzhu county rural "bobo", takes place today, every year "bobo will still incense exuberant, dharma drum.

7. View the will

Is on ning temple pray that employs calendar year.Guan ning temple is a minority area biggest the gelug sect of Tibetan Buddhism temples, old said "Guo Long officer," < > gleneagles temple.History says "the mother of all north temple" wen.Temple in the lunar calendar on the fourteenth day, June 8, 9 hold two grand view by will.People used to say "Guo Long lamba, caleb" sutra > and < namely on ning temple, it not only is an important religious festival, temple and folk cultural activities of the event.In view of the meeting, religious activities of religious people.But the most attractive is called "owe" Tibetan dance, such as "dance" the great king, "the horse king kong dance" and "monkey became the story of the people of god" and so on.Than, religious people are giving food tea, Dana, light, heat, turn back books "pull" and other activities.

Just naughton. 8

Tu, meaning TiaoShen dance.Eighth day in lunar calendar, on the fifteenth day, held in the temple.Before the temple;Simmer, lamps, lighting incense and kowtow to the later, by the evil demon god mask to a number of young people, god dressing up in ancient clothing or wear fur jacket, TiaoShen dance for offering.Just naughton, there is also a kind of similar to the "old mo naughton yarn exorcism plague god dance < >", early in the day of the first lunar month 3, the rally in the temple, simmer kowtow, kneel hou oracle, harmony pray escape, obtained deities predicted, by the number of people wear the evil demon god mask, anti wear fur jacket, tied with tip bell belt, with five feet stick, under the leading of artifact, transport door to door to door TiaoShen dance, drive the devil, from the plague.

Minority customs and taboos

1, avoid several home cattle and sheep;

2, taboo in urine of cattle circle;

3, avoid eating horses, mules, donkeys and other round hoofs livestock meat;

4, go tu home.purchasing them, kang sit can't sit on pillows, familyThe quiltAbove;

5, women, people of mourning, been to dark room (room) of the people could enter the temple hall of tu nationality or family;

6, women don't wear a hat, don't wear gown, not in front of the elders going back and forth;

7, shall not be arbitrarily into the bedroom, young women with unmarried girl kidding;

8, avoid is used a cracked bowl to the guest pour tea;

9, avoid quarrel in front of the guests, driving the child;

10, tu tabooThe Mid-Autumn festival, while the Mid-Autumn night between the two communities generally to the moon and a handful of hay;

11, tu people next to the door of putting up red paper and anneal pine branches, or the gate, could not enter;

They were 12, the far empty barrels, empty BeiDou and not clean, then returns home, another day.