The origin of the dongxiang

Some proposals for live in a state (now linxia area, gansu province) named dongxiang area.The nationality, "sa er tower" (Sarta).

Dongxiang; Isaac's people is given priority to, fusion local hui, han, Mongolian, and gradually formed.Sa's original meaning is "merchants", specify the faith of Islam in central Asia area all kinds of people, mainly include the turks and persians, collectively known as semu.Once the resource and formation of dongxiang, views are divided.Mainly including Mongolia, said as early as in late Ming dynasty period, dongxiang people took an active part in the stab to the peasant uprising led by Britain, guo-dong ding.Because of the special environment for the formation of dongxiang formed, its social structure is the social system.Dongxiang language belong to the altaic Mongolian languages, some proposals of vocabulary, Chinese loanwords is more, there are many turkic, Arab and Persian loanwords.Some proposals to date only their native language without words, now is using Chinese, most of people know Chinese.

Before the founding of the People's Republic of China has been called "dongxiang and", "dongxiang Mongolian", "dongxiang natives", etc.Are mainly distributed in linxia hui autonomous prefecture dongxiang autonomous county in gansu province, a few scattered in lanzhou city, gansu province and hirokawa, and zheng, huining, yumen and other counties and cities and yili prefecture in xinjiang, ningxia, qinghai province also has a small amount of settlement.Based on the 2010 sixth national population census, dongxiang population of 515000.Mainly engaged in agriculture, the good kind of melons and fruits.Use the dongxiang language, belongs to the altaic Mongolian language.Most people speak Chinese.No words, this nation provinces.Dongxiang, salar and preservation, closely associated with the hui nationality in yuan Ming three quarter of 700 years.Hereby are the Uighur descent, turkic, a turkic people;By faith in primitive religion and lamaism, classified as the mongols.But as a result of the development of modern language, formed by language examples of nation.

Dongxiang is 14 century by the fusion of many different ethnic groups live in dongxiang.Constitute the main components of the kalama source, is the religion of Islam semu and mongols.Since the 13th century, cross river area is the mongols, including semu and mongolians, stationed, wasteland.13 century, town on shaanxi, gansu, ningxia and other places of the yuan dynasty anxi difficult a convert to Islam, o king from its subordinate Mongolian most.Islamic semu also together in the northwest region.14 century, cut die, anxi difficult o king and queen "to zhen's engineer a coup, such as drainage was killed, but its influence is still very strong.His son had joint islamic people rebelled, as the yuan dynasty government repression, to a subordinate to escape.Remote block the traffic inconvenience, dongxiang, o becomes difficult under islamic semu, one of the Mongolian people retreat.They are here to live with the local han, Tibetan and other long-term, marriage, each other gradually merged into some proposals.

Some proposals for the source, there are different.There are mainly two: say genghis khan in 1226) western xia, enemy cross river, about, will be part of the mongols stay here, after these people enter the dongxiang, some proposals to form;Said the western expedition, genghis khan from central Asia, Persia captured a large number of craftsmen, some were placed in east township, forming some proposals for later.Some proposals and idea that comes from only.But some proposals about the source and formation of problems, most scholars hold a view.

Dongxiang traditional festival

1. The eid al-fitr

Islam each year in September is the month of fast, September so called Ramadan.Ramadan, muslims don't drink don't eat during the day, are not allowed to say foul language, eating at night, referred to as the "cause".By Obama on 1 October, celebrations, called eid al-fitr, or "section," said.Eid day, men in addition to the mosque to their, still in the early morning on the table I "(graveyard) prayed to chant buddhist scripture, mourn the deceased.Neighborhood mutual do "two eyes" the door, greet each other.Women are good at home Fried oil incense, naked, sanzi distribution, extend holiday greetings greeting each other, so celebrated for three days, very grand.

2. Gul eid al-adha

Fellow villager called "also", "also" dongxiang meaning refers to the meaning of the festival.This festival, usually 72 days after the eid al-fitr.Those who have ability to slaughter, and there are economic conditions permit, eid al-adha, every family to slaughter of cattle and sheep to celebrate the occasion.The slaughtered beef and mutton, or please ZhongXiangQin meals at home, or to a mosque and each neighborhood friends and relatives.Gul barney has slaughtered lamb, forbid to enjoy exclusive;Even the door of a beggar, should also be equally, let him eat food, incense, take a meat.Eid al-adha will slaughter a sheep, a story from the Koran, the prophet in accordance with the mo ibrahim old childless, struggling to pray for Allah give son, indeed should, named Mr Ma Yi.But according to mo ibrahim dreamt that Allah motioned him to sacrifice in return, we wake up to, in accordance with the mo ibrahim sacrifice, with son moved by his loyalty, Allah will give sheep give thy son, this is the origin of eid al-adha.Islamic believers have the holiday is to show to respectfully obey Allah, follow by mo ibrahim, give priority to dedicate everything at any time.Dongxiang people on eid al-adha, regardless of wealth and rank, sitting together dinner, according to the national harmonious unity.

Section 3. The SAN ji

Festival commemorate the birth of Mohammed and died, in Iraq through March 12 or 13, held by one day (birth day and died).A SAN ji section of memorial is normally held various forms of home will, recitation of the Koran.A bible generally slaughtered sheep, chicken slaughter, people eat meals.Some people gathered in the mosque, gongbei, others in his own house.Keep pull: the word "pull" o is Arabic transliteration, meaning province "10" namely Islam each year on January 10, according to legend, Allah god on this day the human ancestor Dan and oh wow;Dan and oh wow spread after some years, on this day to meet.Most of the dongxiang people also attaches great importance to keep pull in.Keep in dongxiang, o la mainly women and children are the party and the festival every year by every housewife who in turn.In a village, women who return home to eat the head of a dog than the tail of a lion, it's her turn less, the rest of the families out only a few wheat and oil.Men read classics, after prayer, a simple eat and went away.The remaining women and children, ate and said, laughing.Some proposals for women, "o keep pull" and the moral of food festival, have of that year's grain harvest, the best wishes of good harvest, this has nothing to do with religion.

4. The food festival

Some proposals of the traditional religious holiday, namely the mouloud-birth of Islam, held on March 11 lunar calendar.Dongxiang mouloud-birth is women's and children's festival, when every housewife hosted by turns.According to the ancient rules, men only after a simple prayer ceremony to go away.Rehoboam festival to eat a kind of dongxiang language called "weak" meat porridge, combine a wish for good harvest that year.

Dongxiang custom taboo

1. The horse, donkey and mule fasting pigs, dogs, cats and other meat and the blood of all animals.

2. A fast since the death and not ruminant animals and beasts, poultry meat.

3. The feed cattle, sheep, chickens, camel meat, must be approved by the imam or read the older Muslim slaughter, slaughter must be small net before slaughter, otherwise fasting.

4. Avoiding not cut to the penis and not bleed cattle, sheep, camel meat.

5. For cattle, sheep, chickens, the camel can only kill, taboo words to kill.

6. Avoid * eat block surface foods such as bread, steamed bread, no matter size should eat break or break into small pieces.

7. Avoid is used a non-muslim kitchen, tableware.

8. At ordinary times or Ramadan, the whole family eat every meal, avoid is prior to your elders by mouth.

9. Avoid alcohol and cigarettes, you ji junior smoking in front of the elders,drinking。

10. Women cooking in the kitchen cooking, avoid is taste salty, light, try taste.

11. Avoid guests and non-muslim into towering and oneself start work from a cylinder or scooping water in the cistern, or into the well.

12. Avoid in drinking water and bathing water fountain, water washing, washing, livestock, often should keep the water clean.

13. Avoid indoor hung portrait and animal images.

14. Avoid entered the hall, and to wear shoes without permission.

15. The throw waste paper, in case to write on the paper with Allah (god) or the Koran dulled, and along with the abuses.

16. Waste of food and water.

17. Small net, avoid water drip into the pond bottle in POTS;Avoid is washed dirty water reoccupy, when washing a face, hands can only rub down, avoid rubbing repeatedly.

18. Avoid the arm ladle water and tea, rice bowl.

19. Avoid guests wear the shoes on them.

20. Men's hair.

21. The talking about others behind, lie and framing.

22. The suicide.

23. A lawful marriage forbidden relationships outside of form;It is forbidden to girl premarital sexual behavior.

24. The lottery fortune-telling, BuJi asked.Dongxiang thinks one's life is unpredictable, will be how to spend, has god rules.If believes the draw fortune-telling, BuJi ask fierce, lost "mani" (religion).

25. In the family, weng daughter-in-law between, between brother and sister-in-law are to be avoided, in order to show respect.