What are dong traditional festival
The origin of the dong
Dong, dong zu) (" The notes People) are mainly distributed in guizhou province, hunan province and The guangxi zhuang autonomous region, and enshi tujia and miao autonomous prefecture of hubei province.In addition, jiangsu, guangdong, zhejiang provinces dong has tens of thousands of people each.According to the 2000 fifth national population census, dong population of 2960293.There are some is the north in dong dong, there are more than 1 million north dong speaking people live in guizhou province and hunan province in southern China, most of the northern dong people living in a new sway county of hunan province and guizhou province, talking.
Dong who Gaeml (approximate Chinese pronunciation "dry", "佄" or "more"), on the basis of the principle of "from the owner of" UN promoted, international standards for the translation "notes", "notes People".Dong, the name of the first to "people", in the song dynasty literature.Yao Ming and qing dynasties has been pretty ", yao miao ", "cave", "hole" he said.After the founding of the people generally referred to as the dong.Folk says "dong".
The use of dong dong, zhuang dong language, south and north two dialects of points.The original text, continue to use Chinese, in 1958 set up dong wen solution in the form of the Latin alphabet.Most of the provinces.
Mainly engaged in agriculture, engaged in forest tree.The forestry is famous for its production fir.Japonica Rice is given priority to, to produce fish breeding cultivation has the unique national high-quality Rice lines - "Sweet grass delicious" (notes Sweet Rice);Use rice-fish, creation and inheritance to "rice fish and ducks symbiosis" for the characteristics of the dong organic farming cultural heritage.Have their own folk drama - dong operas.The drum tower, the wind and rain bridge, wind and rain pavilion is the main symbol of dong.Wind and rain bridge built for the bridge corridor type, named shelter bridge house.Sanjiang famous Cheng Yang wind and rain bridge, designated as a national key cultural relics.Bridge has built more than five feet pagoda, channels on both sides of the fence, shaped like a veranda.Bridge structure without a nails, only in the pillars on wear rims of cohesion, inclined in straight sets, structure compact, very solid, breathtaking.
Dong flute, flute, dai is one of the traditional Chinese Musical Instruments.Dong in architectural art.Each stockaded village has MuLou chic modelling.The without a nail riveting timberwork building absorbed the quintessence part of ancient Chinese building pavilions, halls, representative are: the architecture of a wind and rain bridge, the diaojiao building.
Dong traditional festival
The most grand festival in a year.But different way around the holidays.In the northern dong new sway, zhijiang, jade screen, with the local han dong jin screen area for the Spring Festival.South who built the altar village, the first or second day of the New Year first into a sacrifice grandmother god.Channel (New Year's eve shou sui, which surrounds the whole family ate porridge, called in soup with rice.
Until the chicken first round, the man put 12 big fireworks, to which a year of business.Women is to find New Year water to boil in tea.Their peaceful New Year, the first 2 don't door, ising a treat to eat camellia, beginning four, pleaseHave a meal.Shane dong LiangCi years a day, according to overweight, from thirty to knock the fifteenth day of the year gong, knock the louder the better.
2. Dong
According to dong has determined the New Year.General for lunar end of October or early November.Now most of the dong but this year.Only parts of dong years still.These places LiangZhong year every year.Call dong years off year.For the annual Spring Festival.Rongjiang DongZhai around seventy-two village to dong years at the beginning of the lunar calendar in November.October to clean up the house in front ofKill pigSlaughter cattle, pounded zi ba, prepare for the holiday.From on the first to fifth on a large scale of song hall, jumping lusheng, and bullfighting.In some places the name section, also known as dong years, various different surnames holiday period.But generally to the lunar calendar in November.
3. The fog song festival beam
Or great e beam singing festival.Every year 18 days before the summer begins, xiangqian pierces three provinces (area) the border of dong, guangxi and hunan miao and yao youth channel dong autonomous county of the fog on the beam, held the annual singing festival, for few thousands, tens of thousands of people in the donator.This song is by the memory of a second-round series which is a dead lover.
4. This section
The date of the dong the annual fireworks festival, held all over.Sanjiang dong autonomous county, for one, is the third day (the lunar calendar, similarly hereinafter), merlin was February 2, fu lu is March 3, whereas Lin Xi is October 26.Firecrackers are divided into the first, second and SAN pao, guns are a symbol of happiness on the iron ring, external use red and green line wrap.Burn with gunpowder iron cannon for momentum, the iron ring on the sky.When iron ring fell off, people with iron ring as the goal, flocking, of "this".
Vulgar, who got the firecrackers, who a year in which people gain two flourishing, happy life.So this all valiant, everyone rushed, determined firecrackers, win honor for our village.This time unlimited, who can put firecrackers to first podium, even better.This the end of the game, started a variety of recreational activities.Lusheng team match dai on the lusheng field;The old man under the tree bucket thrush, broad;Young girls and boys took advantage of this opportunity, song about love.Dong stronghold, with joy and the festive mood.
5. Drive club
Dong has a habit of cast club.Club is not ZhaiLi, and in the wild, such as grazing ping or field in the dam, as a social field.Every year at the club day this day, men, women and children from all directions to club.The childWatch the scene of bustle, adultTo buy things, the exchange of agricultural and sideline products.The girl and later put on new clothes.Girl wearing a variety of silver - all wearing embroidered corset and braid, hand embroidered pockets, bag the acid sour fish meat and sticky rice, small groups, all smiles, please later on the social field for lunch.Epigenetic buy candy for girls.Met for the first time by the knot, renew old friendships and was associated with the earlier meeting agreed the next time.At night, to survive, please girl club meal to the village to visit.Young men and women into the song song hall after dinner.Now, catch the club into a youth exchanges between men and women festival, and both clubs field becomes a place.
Section 6. Our very own bullfight or toro (bull)
The lunar calendar in February and August hai day.Dong love bullfight, every village has "buffalo king" for the game."Cattle king" the circle of building near the drum tower, clean and ventilated, referred to as the "cow palace".Pport ox king mowing carry water mixing materials to serve, but also often supply of food such as honey, lard, rice wine.King "cow" gigantic and robust, and roll melon, and the horns stout sharp, like open steel bifurcation.
First young people blow lusheng to other village to "send" about invitation."Send about", then to the front of the "cow palace" play lusheng, 3, worship offering "yangxin" for cattle.Festival comes, people around the sink in the ring, participating "cow" king "on" the start of the lusheng accompaniment: youth are written on king "cow" hands "horse card", chin, "cow" gas is dye-in-the-wood."Horse card" after following carried wooden "weapon" guard and bands.
King "cow" with wearing a shiny iron set, horn head prix red satin, back pack "ssangyong rob treasure" ox king tower, the tower has 4 sides to flag and two long pheasant ridge, like ancient generals.Cattle neck hang a string of two, hanging in his chest, lang lang audio.After the "field", ox king exits.Three iron cannon roar, bullfighting began formally.Cowherd throw two lit the fire in front of their own king "cow", let go of the hands of the REINS at the same time, two bull rushed to the other party, people gong cheer.Losers flags to allow the winner of the "steal" the girls.The victorious king "cow" prix red injured, entrance hailed again.If emi, coir rope trapping in hind legs open, shaking hands.Girl to get back a few days later, the victor losers bunting, losers banquet, young man, 5-star "songs", and give the gift "redeem flag".Which stockade king "bull" to win, is the glory of QuanZhai, so the bull after public dancing catering to celebrate.In recent years in guizhou province dong king "cow", also to show pancratium, some big cities to make this special entertainment culture more famous.
7. August 15
Dong before August 15The Mid-Autumn festival, in addition to eat moon cakes and enjoy the moon and the han nationality is the same, there are some special content.Northern dong has predominantly young men and women social "August 15 elder brother send cake" activities.Back the day after drinking, early the epigenetic moon cakes, to the place to meet girls agreed in advance.After meeting, according to the member of the garden of traditional programs were seated.Epigenetic out moon cake in the bottom, and told the girls to eat moon cakes in songs.The girl in song appreciation.
Both sides while eating moon cakes, with songs and vernacular each fall.It was not until the sun sets.Break up when the guy with the rest of the cakes wrapped gave the girl.New sway with the tradition of "August 15 to steal the moon dish".Legend has it the Mid-Autumn night steal other people's house of fruits and vegetables will bring health and happiness.Moon "steal" dishes can only eat in the wild, not back to home.
Section 8. Sowing
Together live in hunan, guangxi, guizhou, near the border of the dong people, each in the lunar calendar in March third day, the traditional planting festival event takes place.
Because people's hobby is different every village activity content and mode is not the same.Some in the stockade now put firecrackers;Some hit the lusheng, sit song hall;Some visit friends invited guests.And the most funny is ChunNiu "dance".Then the agricultural team also show seed farming activities.The ring as a field, the few of farmers, some back plough, some Dutch hoe, bamboo basket and back.They put Tian Kan, ploughing and planting, harvesting, lifelike, beautiful, with singing and dancing performance of field cultivation in dong.
Section 9. Girl
In xiangqian pierces the guangxi border ethnic minorities, to the lunar April 8 "girl's day".This custom comes from dong Yang.Every year this day, married girl, must want to back to home, with their close sisters and the period of celebrating the festival.At the appointed time, the sisters singing laughing, co-produced a festival food - wu zi ba.When they go back to the husband's family, but also with a lot of black rice zi ba, calendar to relatives and friends to eat, or compensation "girl's day" on this day boys loneliness.Seiqnyied bat eat black rice (also known as black rice) is a very ancient custom, it is said that is in honour of the dong girls hero Yang eight beauty.Black rice is black with a belt of pulp wet leaves, the dong area of specialty "waxy rice rice" dark to cooking.
Section 10. Taste a fresh delicacy
"Guests, early rice cooked.Dong area this day as the changxin as tribute section, in some places, pick an auspicious day to taste a fresh delicacy.
Hunan channel changxin as tribute day, a dog is a guest, a new rice boiled out, let the dog tried after taste.Because the ancient legend,The floodHeinous, no seed, it is a white dog sea god, in the west of the sun valley pyongni played a roll and covered with sticky corn, upon return of grain was washed off, only dogs become warped on the surface of the tail pointed with a few grains.Human rely on that only a few seed development today.In order not to forget the dog's credit, so the new grain appearance to dog eat first, please.Changxin as tribute section is common holiday, dong area around changxin as tribute section very much the same.
Kuang province called "taste a fresh delicacy festival" "day festival, commonly known as guests.Many DongZhai package ZongBa on this day, also called ZongBa section.Especially ZhaoXing, cen Ba, dragon, shuikou, east township lang, the new equality of dong had a special grand, second only to the Chinese New Year's day.
11. A song
July 20, according to the lunar calendar, is the jian river county, guizhou province high dam area of the dong people singing festival grand festival -.On this day, girls and boys working meeting, about the partner, the 3322 high to bai song.Before this, young people tend to put the farm work done ahead of time, at the same time actively collect, rewrite or new numerous folk song or love song;So when a monopoly in the song.
At noon, the center of the song - high dam around the green slopes into a sea of folk songs.The tune chic plate with songs, love songs, mountain song.Young men and women who borrow new friends will find their vast amounts of description table heart, talk, or sing alternately intoxicating love songs, until the next day at dawn.There are a number of young people is through the will become happy couples.Legend, the high dam out singing festival is in memory of the dong a loyal to love which is a singer.
12. A holiday
Is the "winter", in this day all dong dong area people, equivalent to the Spring Festival, regional activity jollification, sai lusheng, Doyle, dong opera, song, such as rich and colorful activities, in guangxi nanning failed to dong years friends back home, "winter solstice this day every year in nanning many dong compatriots will together singing, communication.
13. "as is"
"To" also is dong speech translation, as a guest.But the guest is not normal, it is in particular the collective of village to visit each other between the guests.Local HanHua referred to as the "hometown eat food".Generally in spring or autumn, is the largest in dong social and recreational activities.Size range, less then 20 to 30 people, more than more than 100 people.Men, women and children all can attend.To take this village's song, the indoor-stage theatrical troupes, lusheng team, recite the payee, etc.Village to the main village in advance by the guest send out an invitation card, the main village acceptance, both sides agreed.The main village houses ready for the reception, guest village organized team, ready for the before.Liping, rongjiang, guizhou congjiang area "for" team is given priority to with song team or sin.When guests came to the village, the village girls with the scarecrow, cloth or bench, loom, the article such as bucket stop village gate, sing the songs road.
The answer after shooting to welcome guests, kill pig slaughter cattle, cordial hospitality.During the period of "as is", the whole village became a cultural stage, carry out activities such as song, singing opera, our very own bullfight or toro (bull).Guests walking, each girl took out a few from woven handkerchief hung on a bamboo pole as the guest's gift.Also bags hat fish sticky rice bags for guests for lunch on the way.Guangxi sanjiang "as is" team take more lusheng team.The lusheng wears feather blouse, head cocktail.When passing other villages, "the passing", not into the village.Quickly to the main village, "into the village song".The main village lusheng team "welcome song" rushing out.Into the village, after the host two teams into the drum tower ping sai lusheng.After the race, ethnic group and the other guests were focused on the drum tower ping, to the main village village old commanded, owners and rushing into ping "steal".They rob cocktail to the guest's head, then the guest home, drinking binge.Match dai again the next day.In some places but also on song, song, play and other activities.For 3-5 Japan.Before departure to host a QuanZhai large banquet, held on the drum tower or wind and rain bridge.At host every a person, recite words and praise songs.
14. "hey"
This is a grand between southern dong village collective make, the collective guest of communication activity, "hey," dong said.Such a "hey," relations between the two villages in order to deepen their friendship, both sides agreed: "hey" on a regular basis between the day of the first lunar month every year, this year a village collective village of all the men and women, old and young to b () or a limited number of people, b village next year all the men and women, old and young number (or equivalent) and visiting a village collective, through the collective to make the activities, to strengthen the traditional relationship between them, like a friend with a nature of alliance.Going to a village b village "hey", need to believe in advance and a village think conditions are ripe, can write posts, one service.The guest to the village, the girls with cloth such as stop sing "road song" village gate, both sides conducted, the shooting.Kill pig to kill sheep, cordial hospitality.This time, to carry out the duet song, acting, such as bullfighting activities."Hey" generally held 3-5 days.When the "hey" end of the activity, the guest to leave, in addition to holding the "road" on the main village said to retain and farewell guests, each of the girls give towel. Several hung on a bamboo pole.Wrapped up some grass bag sticky rice, rice with fish, bacon, gave the guests on the way to do lunch;The village also send a calf and a lamb, to bring the guest "tail", whether do in the future to continue exchanges.Guests away from the village, the village and to let the iron cannon, beating drums and blowing lusheng, QuanZhai men, women and children in a happy atmosphere, the guests saw outside the village.
15. "for the top"
This is the southern dong village each other between young men and women walk together, visit each other, make friends fellowship of a collective social activities, dong said the "top", also called "love".Activity time for every day of the first lunar month, usually in 7 days or more.Activities in the same program with "hey".Is different from b village of ocean's "head" or "GuNianTou" organizations in this village, a keen, like the young men and women go village, composition or dong dong song team went to a village troupe sing song dong, dong opera, for a variety of cultural activities, borrow machine and all ages, a village, a village young men and women with contact.Both young men and women in the "song hall" every night talk about love song "song ZuoYe", increase understanding and communication between each other feelings.When at the end of the communicative activities, guests want to leave, the young men and women on the main village besides expressed in the form of "road" to retain or the outside, also want to give some candy, pastry, glutinous rice BaBa foods such as the young men and women as QuanZhai friendly affection to the guest back to b village.Invited by the guest back to the village on the village of all the young men and women to share a farewell gift, all food you eat while song, until all huan and scattered.Is hard to receive.In the second year of b village young men and women are invited to a village of young men and women to be a guest.In this case, two stockaded village of young men and women, invited by turns, walk together, visit each other, to achieve the purpose of dating fellowship.
16. Lin group
"Lin lady" commemorate the festival that dong peasant uprising leader hiroshi hayashi, time is on June the first birth of lunar calendar.Special food is huge ZongBa feast.Each ZongBa thick like a large bowl, two chi long, dozens of reed leaves to package a, three to five people can eat.Generation rate of hiroshi hayashi often rebel fought north and south, whose mother afraid son do not have enough to eat, always give him a package dumplings.Later generations for memorial forest wide also follow the custom of its mother package dumplings.On the day of dong people in wine, meat, large ZongBa festivals Lin Wang.Sacrifice ceremony, adult children to sing songs Lin Wang ancient, ancient "song, the old man also Lin Wang story to posterity, make heroic deeds are handed down from generation to generation.
17. "holy mountain" sing-song
Dong traditional catch the song song a lot, one of the most lively and solemn song is lunar calendar July 15 jian river, the sky column, the new sway, jade screen and zhenyuan border "holy mountain" sing-song, come to the party of the dong youth tens of thousands.Song at the young men and women looking for selected couples or renew through song.
18. The high dam singing festival
July 20, according to the lunar calendar, is the jian river county high dam area of the dong people singing festival grand festival -.On this day, girls and boys working meeting, about the partnership, the 3322 song to the high dam.Before this, young people tend to put the farm work done ahead of time, at the same time actively collect, rewrite or new numerous folk song or love song;So when a monopoly in the song.At noon, the center of the song - high dam around the green slopes into a sea of folk songs.
The tune chic plate with songs, love songs, mountain song.Young men and women who borrow new friends will find their vast amounts of description table heart, talk, or sing alternately intoxicating love songs, until the next day at dawn.There are a number of young people is through the will become happy couples.Legend, the high dam out singing festival is in memory of the dong a loyal to love which is a singer.
19. Twenty ping song festival
20 twenty ping ping song festival is also called singing festival, popular sky column part, such as silk screen county of high dam, cen, kai ping, crossing the horse, holy mountain, forest, LianHuaPing, etc.Especially in the silk screen, sky column, jian river junction of high dam, most popular flat cen area.Every year the lunar July 20, dong young men and women flocking to ping.Catch as many as ten thousand people.Co-eds groups, each song, each fall.The village also came to the song song team.Legend has it the singing festival is in memory of a loyal to love singer.
Beg the onion garlic section 20. The 31 March
Lunar festival this day is the most solemn town far to Beijing dong social festival, lasted four days.During the festival, the elderly in the collective, lusheng dance.Young men and women is to find objects for the purpose.The first two days, the girls are in the fieldfishShrimp, and the young lads in the wild.Third day, the girls are dressed in costumes gather to garden onion garlic, then to the well to wash feet longtan village, boys in wait in the way, stay when the girl walked in front, beg basket to them.The girl who is interested in, will she basket for someone.The young man get the basket, also get the girl's love, cheered for it all, happy, full of praise.Lover after got the basket, and the girl agreed date back, and the cloth, candy, sheng in the basket for appreciation.Third day at noon, out-of-town guests at Beijing LuShengChang lusheng dance with people and encouraged.4 will, more grand scenes.Until the fifth, it was blowing sheng shooting farewell the guests out of the village.According to legend in ancient times, there is a call to Beijing good British girl fall in love with a poor youth bridge, can parents stubbornly forced the girl to marry the rich, good English in March third day cultivator, fish shrimp, onion garlic, having met with bridge in red bean tree, put the fish and the onion garlic to bridge, said firmness of love, only to be discovered, both were beaten abuse, two people indignation extremely, threw himself.Later generations to commemorate the couple to arranged marriage more than held on this day, so down into sections.
21. ZhongMianJie
Liujiang river basin DongZhai, after more than seiqnyied bat has to carry out activities that kind of cotton.Garb on the day the groom invite a new partner, ready for salt eggs and sticky rice, blowing the lusheng to help the bride of the cotton before the family life.The bride is invited to the company to prepare delicious rice dishes, and boys talking and laughing in the lusheng songs to cotton field.Boys play nest site preparation, the girls are two dungs, under the kinds, symbol in cotton planting cotton harvest eggshell branches hung, then gather together for lunch.Some villages have good cook brown sugar glutinous rice porridge, duck, dog leash to juggle decoration splendidly.Night the bride's family entertain family for partners, to accompany my girlfriends, everyone singing and drinking.Parts of this by production activities of companionship custom, still follow today.
22. Pick mulberry section
April 8, according to the lunar calendar is the jian river small young men and women in wide area of mulberry mating dating days.After this day, the girl was wearing a new, flocking mountain pick mulberry, mulberry, the gentle whisper, leisurely singing, each looking for Mr Right.In the afternoon, the girls take CuoJi home, carrying the fish basket, invite the epigenetic cultivator, pinch of fine fish larvae, water greatly amused each other.At night, the girl were fine fish feast, the girl's parents also good caterers stewed chicken, glutinous rice wine.After dinner, young people in pairs to ZhaiBian song cold month.
23. The elder brother send cake Mid-Autumn festival in August
Dong before August 15 Mid-Autumn festival, in addition to eat moon cakes and enjoy the moon the same as the han, there are some special content.Northern dong has predominantly young men and women social "August 15 elder brother send cake" activities.Back the day after drinking, early the epigenetic moon cakes, to the place to meet girls agreed in advance.After meeting, according to the member of the garden of traditional programs were seated.Epigenetic out moon cake in the bottom, and told the girls to eat moon cakes in songs.The girl in song appreciation.Both sides while eating moon cakes, with songs and vernacular each fall.It was not until the sun sets.Break up when the guy with the rest of the cakes wrapped gave the girl.
24. The wedding day
Small wide area of dong jian river unified the lunar October the first bases the collective wedding held, form the "October head frame to meet the bride" "wedding day"."Wedding day" on the evening of the ridiculous, the bride to the "crying marriage", his girlfriend came to "companion to marry", sing the song "him".Thank relatives and friends, crying marriage linger five-and-twenty and brothers and sisters of separation.When the bride crying marriage, the past playing "mountain song" get to know each other love each other is now out in pairs of male friends send girl gift quietly.Girl is dark cry to marry his girlfriend generation, their sneak out to say goodbye.
Dong customs and taboos
Dong diet taboo is mainly: do not eat sitting on the sill, taboo to watch others to eat;The first day not fire;During the sacrifice to forbid outsiders into the village;In the son of avoid meat and vegetarian, but any fish and shrimp, etc.
Dong wedding taboo: avoid sharingTo get married.(especially to five lines of mismatched never don't like fire, water).Have to mutually photograph rushs not to marry (sheep afraid of mouse, the snake is afraid of the tiger, the dragon was afraid of the tiger, the horse was afraid of cattle, and golden dog tears said of communication).Avoid to marry in the first month, march, may, engagement.Avoid him in marriage.Avoid is ridiculous when meetA pregnant womanAnd mourning."The new bride avoid talking in halfway.Avoid meet the groom's family when the bride and groom into the house, the whole family to avoid, otherwise don't agree.Him in the box, bucket, basin to avoid empty, be sure to use it or m full.When has married the daughter of, return to avoid open grain storehouse, and cooking utensils.Dong women if you see the elder man downstairs, then cannot go upstairs.
Farming taboo.The third day cream uphill production;Even for a few e day and shall be "earth king head" in;Three, the ugly September, not days without planting;Four, Yin day of October, ShenRi shall dig the field soil.Near villages are thought to be associated with the "feng shui" of the trees, ponds, avoid digging in disorder casually.
Marriage taboo.Avoid maternal cousin and seniority different marriage between brother and sister.Ridiculous to pick an auspicious day.Meet ridiculous way is forbidden and funeral procession.If encounter, is considered to be joyous, not greatly.So ridiculous to catch.On the road, must be sent before explore, if encounter funeral procession, quick return letter, set out to avoid detours.The bride after marriage don't live in the house, untilpregnancyHave children after return to her hunsband's family.
Avoid.Avoid outsiders visiting within three days after delivery, "avoid door" flag is, put the chicken wings Mao Yong bale, a boy with a red cloth, a girl with a blue cloth, or in front of the branches hanging in the door.
(religious taboo: indoor to worship ancestral shrine, and for the most holy place.All weapons, knife, pine, sword, halberd, Mr, spears and bows, crossbows, and even brown, are not allowed to be placed on it.Otherwise, for god irreverent to god, may incur penalties.During rid evil cult activities within the walled, taboo outsiders into the village.Taboo sign for 4 a knot with saccharum arundinaceum grass and, forming a cross, hanging in the stockade mouth.
Death: lunar 30 eternal light, in the first month don't make a fire, don't sweep the floor, at the beginning of February and August day, midday not relatives, for one, three, five days without's hand.
Other taboos.Barriers to avoid people (especially women).Think people sit threshold, jam revenue, fortune, and lead to home.Those who were not ceremonially clean for pregnant women, who brought in, travel goods, such as marry a ridiculous to contraception female, more not to the scene, otherwise, think scattered type, disgrace the gods.Patient bedroom, avoid inside, otherwise will be brought into the "ghost".In the son diet meat, but can eat fish and shrimp.In addition, the clan and trample birthday, buried avoid custom copper iron, etc.