The origin of the miao nationality

Miao culture has a long history, as early as 4000 years ago, from the Yellow River basin to the south of the Yangtze river and the Yangtze region, inhabited by many clan and tribe, the joseon dynasty called "na" clan or tribe, including a miao ancestors.Some people think that the era of ancient legend human-god, which receives the father by hmong today, so there may be related with miao.Some people think that the ancient three miao and miao have origin relations.Others think now of the miao people "Mao" can be traced back to the YanZhou age.In addition, there is light pocket, yelang county, the county south, wuling pretty etc.Debates on the problem of miao ethnic origin in the historiography circle is not yet, but have enough historical data can be proved that as early as two thousand years ago in the qin and han dynasties era, miao ancestors have lived in up to now, they are the largest concentration of xiangxi, qian east this was called the "five streams" area.History says living in this region, including miao ancestors minorities as' five streams "into" wuling pretty ".Later that they are migrating to the west, gradually formed the distribution of the situation now.

The traditional festival of the miao nationality

1. Open the festival

Festival is the miao people's"The Spring Festival", also known as "hakka".Chinese New Year, familiesKill pigSlaughtered sheep, roast wine samples harvest festival, hope that the coming year, good good harvest.According to the customs, the way used by the miao people express their New Year's greetings and hope that.Early in the morning, xiang yu qian (guizhou, hunan, chongqing, five township border region four town fellow of all nationalities from all directions to three star slope foot along the border provinces and cities, to express the joy of orientation in songs.To sing the song "open", the lyrics the effect for the longing for love, looking forward to spring, spring, in spring, etc.

2. The festival day

The festival is the miao traditional festival.Cloud, expensive, and sichuan provinces such as the miao people in the lunar calendar is, February or prevailed on mountain, between April and may jump, from young men and women love activities.During the festival, young men and women song, lusheng dance, seek the spouse;Older workers to take site ac production experience, teach production technology, best wishes for good harvest.In the mountainous area people a bullfight in the festival.Miao also jump over county lion and climbing flower stem.

3. Seiqnyied bat

The miao traditional festival, the festival began in the Ming dynasty legend.On the eighth day of April, the miao people dressed in costumes clusters in guiyang city fountain, blowing sheng playing flute, song talk, to commemorate, mourn the legendary ancient

4. The hero and Mr.

In addition, seiqnyied bat or buyi holiday, have called it a "cow group", has called "boy's day" or "plants Open Day".Every day, and the cattle to eat "ox king" or sticky rice, and rest for a day, said the gift of cattle.

5. Dragon Boat Festival

Dragon Boat Festival is popular in west hunan province and shi dong miao festival, loose peach area.Mostly in the fifth lunar month.The day except for the dragon boat, and horse RACES, bullfights, step on drums and other activities.

6. JieMeiJie

In eastern guizhou qingshui river merchant village, lunar calendar March 15 to 18 for the merchant "JieMeiJie".Festival, merchant according to traditional custom to eat "JieMeiFan".This food is made of the girls in the mountains to collect wild flowers and leaves the glutinous rice steamed into after dyed colorful.Bullfighting festival and lively scene and the "travel" activity.

7. Drive seedling field

For the miao traditional festival.Popular in XuYong, ancient igusa area.Lunar calendar in February 13th, July 3, and held two times.About the origin of cast seedlings field, it was said that the miao people after a failed uprising.The government not to let their league party.People at present dam ethnic group name of entertainment, secret touch, then gradually evolved into a fixed holiday.

Section 8. A gift belt

Popular in xuyong east area.At the beginning of February 5th lunar calendar.At the appointed time, fangyuan dozens of young men and women.If both sides like, can give each other a belt, as an engagement gift.Later regret, can raise a claim belt, terminate the relationship.

9. A new section

Also called "new wo day".Eat a "new" is living in the qingshui river and liujiang river shelter-forest miao festivals.There is no unified rule date.According to the habits, and in the season of harvest, looking for a piecericeLooks like the best field, everybody is here celebrating new section "eat".Mouth very ancient time, there is no millet, only days appealed to call (thunder) in charge of state-owned millet millet, people have to hunt for a living.Complain of hard work in order to get seed, miao old ancestors took nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine kinds of exotics to millet in nine bucket nine litres nine bowl of seed, put in the warehouse, such as spring planting next year.But one night, my arms are long Columbus, friends, hand in the sky, by the light of the sky lanterns, stepped on a stone, pounded fern jialing root, accidentally knocked sky lanterns, just dropped a board on the top of the silo.Results on fire, the fire to burn, the greater the seed in the barn cried bitterly, finally take the smoke fly on day, ran to call home.Complain of hard work to find the call, please advise to seed, but to call a hotchpotch of seed have no god.Can't, complain of hard work, and to call to consult, get nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine kinds of exotics to switch back to seed.Mouth worn out of nine skin, dry throat said the nine places water, to call anyway does not allow.Complain of hard work to for nine days nine night, finally came up with a plan, such as millet ripe, send a dog to the rice fields to play a few roll, let millet touch back on maomao.Ancient calendar on July 13th in the morning, going to start a dog, complain of hard work and hand over to treat, take millet rod is five feet tall, seed grain is five feet long.But a dog go too fast, to the south, accidentally stumbled, write complain of hard work hand over to treat it upside down, the results to only five inches long rice paddies, quickly made some roll it back.Tricks the defendant got wise, when the dog went to the bridge, to call early sent ninety-nine BiaoZhuang warrior at the bridge, they strike to put the dog days of the river, they want to tianhe wide and deep, the dog is only a dead end.But they never expected, after the dog fell into the tianhe hurry up high above the water, its tail had nine and twenty tiger, swam across the Milky Way back, tail and stained with nine grain seed.Complain of hard work have a seed, hurriedly to plough, the ancient calendar day on June 6, the seedling, pointed out a bunch of dog tail seed-heads, a month later, FIFA world grain mature.Ancient calendar on July 13th, it is made of seed the day of the year, complain of hard work day picked 9 litres of millet, cooked a big pot of delicious rice.He scooped the first three bowls to the dog, then yourself to taste a fresh delicacy.The rest of the seed, sowing, year after year to make people eat the rice.To remember the day of the seed, on July 13 will eat as a new section, has been handed down.Festival this day, every family cooking new valley, day before dawn, people bring new rice, wine, chicken, duck, fish, meat, went into the field, after their offerings, banquet started, all round into a circle, each person will hand the cup to take down one of his lips, the old man commanded, we have three cheers, and respect each other and wine, drink off.Immediately laughter echoed in the field, song, hit the pond, the style of traditional activities such as jumping lusheng begins, until the evening.

Section 10. The sheep horse

Popular in XiuShan County order of, a stone.Every year the lunar April 26 to 28.At that time, people kill pigs and sheep, and slaughter gift-giving, grand celebration.

11. The autumn festival

XiuShan County circulating day.Every year held in autumn.At that time, people flocked to the rally site from all directions, participate in and watch the lion dance, play swing, playing dragon lantern, behold! High knife ladder and other activities.About the origin of cast group section, legend is in ancient times a clever boy, look for the girl I love the people, will a man sit swing swing, restructured into eight people sitting attract people far and near to swing.In swing, he finally found his beloved girl.From then on, every year autumn people together on the swings.Year after year, they form for the autumn.

12. Miao

Miao, miao said "can make", is the most solemn and impressive and traditional festival of the miao people.Miao years date is not unified, around 30 November in rongshui miao nationality in the lunar calendar for the New Year's eve, the next day for the Chinese New Year, this YiMiao years most of the population, the most widely.

In miao folk activities is very rich, mainly has ancestor worship, ethnic trample don, village "in the same year.Held at lusheng on hall in this village dai, male female on, both men and women to join.First by the small dai hand blow out a brief sheng qu, then the size of sheng hand to play together, the girls are wearing hundred-bird dress, wearing a silver jewelry, silver dance corolla, silver's fragile and strike, interwoven into festival touching melody.

Go village "in the same year and seedlings during the important folk activities.Each to seedlings in years.Then each guest Lord between village and village, each other in the same year.Village dozens or hundreds of people, men and women take lusheng, in festival costumes, beating drums to get-together activity from the same village.Before entering the village in three strike told master, master is led the village to the village to meet men and women.Then play again in lusheng hall lusheng and trample hall as a village and ceremony, master also with ethnic group on hall reciprocate.Never put off till tomorrow what you can ask the guest to various hospitality.People usually live for three days, on ethnic group in the daytime don, a game of lusheng, perform miao play at night, and unmarried young men and women in this period "sister" by social activities, to follow your heart and overnight.

Seedling period, in addition to the above activities.The miao people also held a bullfight, horses, fights the bird, shooting, the traditional sports activities such as climbing pole.With the bull, ma fight the most attractive, often attract tens of thousands of people went to watch.

13. Cut section of Mars

The miao traditional festival.Popular dry composition of guizhou area.Festival content mainly analyzes regulations.According to the different surnames, festival of time also is not the same.Roughly on 27 July, August and September., annual, as people in the clan, rotation, analyzes value in to call you to discuss and related events, then the value in the home to prepare wine kill chickens, please drink wine "shallow", and the head of a dog than the tail of a lion worship to the values of the next year.Circulation in turn who value in turn, were held at their house and drink "understanding wine".

14. The hakka

Hakka year is the Spring Festival of the miao nationality.The lunar 30 in the evening, family reunion, no stranger to disturb.They use a half-open doorSet off firecrackersIn order to show visitors are not allowed to enter at this time.Continue to set off firecrackers in the morning, at the beginning of ancestor worship, in addition to evil.People with both hands do bar bar cattle, sheep, said: "cattle, sheep..."In a show of animals, and then I eat meal.Second day began to dressed in costumes MiaoJiaRen go township households, congratulated each other.The hospitable host to toast to the guests three cups.Every permeated with the joy of the holiday.Young men and women gathered in front of the village near the village of lawn, ethnic group, play the yueqin, dancing singing, some places still held "for combating", and "cow" and other activities.

15. Hanging bridge section

Three ear guizhou miao and dong autonomous county MiaoXiang around the traditional festival, also called the "on".Mouth around the natives in fog mountain, also for around the land is fertile, QuanZhai people move in around together.moveThat day, the dragon will move along, but the shiping water blocking the way of the dragon, so ZhaiLi's structure (the elders) are plotted, decided to, the bridge connected the dragon dragons symbolize happiness.QuanZhai ten fannie and Freddie to pick up, so the bridge was built 12 bridge piers.Bridge repaired called "solitaire bridge", this bridge is made of the second day of the 2nd lunar month, in order to commemorate the day, this day each year around the merchant ten fannie and Freddie each carry a pig, killing on the bridge.

16.Climbing the mountainsection

Miao mountain climbing festival which is also called "climbing festival", the form has been for thousands of years, every year in lunar calendar in late march "Ma Ri" (the ancientChinese zodiacRemember, held on March 19th, the lunar day.Then live in the province Carey area of miao people gathered in the incense burner mountain, they are on the mountain by the bucket, the song mountain sea, very busy.Young men and women and singing edge with its mountain trail to the top of the mountain climbing.Spring breeze song all the way all the way, the miao miao mountain slopes with, love songs, toasting song, Google, the first to reach the top of the mountain is known as "mountain climbing hero", respect by all of us.Get the favour of the girls.Legend incense burner mountain climbing festival is in memory of the miao handsome young fill and the jade emperor daughter else.O daughter of jade emperor don't yearn for the freedom of human life, along the top of the mountain fly to, and smart, and honest good, married and had three daughters.Suddenly one day the whole family is happy at dawn chicken first round.The jade emperor rules when the rooster crows every day three times to worship, if don't can't arrive in time, there will be a catastrophe.Burn with impatience, o don't flew to the sky at the top of the mountain at the foot will be collapsed six-story incense burner to the top of the hill.O incense burner mountain not the top of the hill, don't not descent, the jade emperor was not the top of the mountain can't enjoy the human family, o was sent to fill a censer, for burning incense.O to commemorate and fill the faithful love, MiaoJiaRen then fill in the variable censer annual climbing festival day.

17. Will pick green section

Is xiangxi baojing weng slope miao youth rally.Legend has it that long ago, a great number of the miao soil officer Ada to fall in love with the daughter of tamping sand the merchant FangNiuLang rock.Soil bureaucratic AIRS to death, and said: "phoenix bird which can with nailing birds nest?"Rock's old man also advised nuo: "honeysuckle and ground the dish with a heart."Ada get locked in the diaojiao building, can't go out.Rock dusk cattle drive home every day, from ram to run to a great number of village to see the girl I love.Lose freedom Ada made with the song sings: "kingfisher in a bamboo cage cage, yearning mountain flowers bitter fleabane bitter fleabane.Birds are flowers, flowers are birds, clear adopt green to meet li.""Qingming adopt green" is a miao girl on tomb-sweeping day, up the hill to pick scallion. Pray the god bless.Rock, understand the meaning of the girl, busy sings: "off of the tree vine volume in knots, also leaves withered cane good loneliness, looking forward to the tomb-sweeping day, send the spring rain, around the village son mo from miles again."Tomb-sweeping day, two people their early out of the house, just walk on the green lush weng row meets on the slope.Their loyalty to love touched. Onion nun 1. Contributed to their happy marriage.Therefore, every yearThe qingming festival, miao young women in festival costumes, take steamed BaBa "qingming festival", pick green sword in hand, young men with a knife, gathered at weng slopes, by the mating.It is the annual "will pick green".

18. The drum section

This is a traditional ancestor worship festival of the miao nationality.Twelve years a sacrifice, a small offering in 67.Legend, human mother "younger sister younger sister left a list of" from the maple trees was born, they're going to go back to the maple tree, after the death of the soul after death also want to go back to their hometown to rest.Father's home in the tree, the wooden drum is the symbol of fathers resting place.Later, ancestor worship, shout "ancestor worship" has become "the drum".Follow up to now the drum is the ancestor worship.Is the drum a "slightly" REINS, held a "rein" is handed down from a common ancestor related kin, together they honor the soul of a think fathers lived in the inside of the drum.The drum festival, each stick to prepare a TouShui cattle, can also be a few to prepare a head, or buy some beef.First cattle pancratium, hundreds of cattle fights together, the scene is very spectacular, then respect for slaughter.By habit, whether it's to celebrate the relatives and friends, but also to see pit guests, passing vendors, all leave, not allowed to go, the more people, master face more glorious.

Section 19. Miao ma fight and white dragon festival

Meltwater mountains northwest of Ann too, hole in the head, four rong, powder, Ann Chui township people like horse fighting.Whenever miao celebrate traditional festivals, involve the horse fighting.The anniversary in 1987, the students of the people's government of the county - on November 26, as the ma fight festival.Ma fight on this day, villages and loud, iron cannon chorus, powder gun.Wear all people of all nationalities in high spirits, lusheng dance jump joyful.The spirit of the miao cell, holding their own horse, gathered from all directions dou racecourse.Ma fight, is two male horse fight, every time a pair, only winners in the court, to continue to compete, in how many other events.

In recent years, the horse has been included in the festival sports events, the winners to name one, two, three, to the steeds prix red injured.Powder GuLongPo, is in the luxuriant hills swell a piece of about 900 square meters of slope, lunar January 16, the annual "GuLongPo will" will be held here.

Slopes ShuYou over ten pillar of wooden lusheng, red paper on the column "strike boiling changchun land", "taiping ShengShiTong joy" expressed the merchant children's voices.Each pillar of guizhou has a lusheng team around to play, each team have thirty or forty people.They are hand made from bamboo tubes lusheng, lusheng elders zhangs, short YingChe, sheng pipe with thick such as bowl, thin hungry refers to.

Lusheng dance and horse, fights the bird is the main content of GuLongPo.Dusk, families meet foreign guests from home and the abroad with brewed wine and sour fish dishes such as hospitality

20. Drum section

Guangxi rongshui miao autonomous county and traditional festival of the miao nationality in sanjiang dong autonomous county.Held every 13 years, the time in the lunar calendar in October.About the origin of drum, and a beautiful story circulated folk: drum in heaven, earth and the heaven of the person can be free.Heaven a drum section, yong friends of husband and wife, at the invitation of my uncle's house to heaven to see drum activity, and the drum is coming from the sky.When the drums, the Wolf butchescapeMosquitoes and far, people get years harvest and a quiet life.The other receiving tripterygium wilfordii and the BritishThe war, we made the trees of the burn, the mountains bare.Hao to find tree species, tireless work and to travel long distances, finally found a fir species come back.Later, Chinese fir forest, MiaoShan is green tree he was into cattle.People appreciate hao good benefits to human, then cut section flower tree made of drum, pull into ZhaiLi, like a luxury good, please get back in the village, the joy with the men and women, old and young.So he had held once every 13 years of drum section.

Sanjiang area hmong had the pleasure of drum section, to lunar month in the year ahead of schedule, first elected, the experimenter cut a big heavy flower cattle tree (say six or seven zhangs long big empty barrel tree), take a section forced tree heart made wooden drum, drum with massive mountain cane across the heart again, tied on the drum, rattan tail left many vine shoots, and must be in drum of a strain of nanmu trees on the hill.In October of the date of arrival, at first light, each one on the drum mountain, brought the pocket hanging in nanmu tree, wizard is finished to curse words, everyone took nan picked leaves, into the bag, the villagers believe that geely picking the leaves.

Pull a drum, there is ethnic group in front of the way, young people to pull down the hillside, drums while the others escort, surrounding the station was full of wine and meat.Letter was invited to participate in the activities of the relatives and friends, rattan, not put cane along the tail tied to a tree when making trouble, put a hitch in la drum.Organizers would then toast toast meat to them, feed them, beg for release.So repeated five or six times, finally back to the village, the drum stopped ZhaiBian.

Drum people back home, the women are all in the home, turbulent meat port wine.Each will have a good to entertain foreign guests.The last 13 years by the wizard family names with name and date of birth and death years down on paper, in the drum, then agreed to drum into the cave, and complete settlement fathers.In the evening, people gather together, blow the lusheng, singing and dancing.

In rongshui miao autonomous county, 13 years of holding a drum festival, is also very busy.Drum that day, tens of thousands of men and women, old and young, in broad slope, a strong epigenetic, carried out a section of the forest was long and big empty barrel tree, two cattle hide letter head, a strange big drum.With thick cane bound drum body, and then seize the thick cane "uh uh (oh) (oh)" to pull hard on drum.At this moment, people around, cheering applause, ethnic group of ethnic group, dancing dancing, merrymaking, until the night on the west.Which team can people away drums, geely and prosperity which team will win.Name (www.threetong.com)

21. This

Festival is the most common miao area.Miao like ethnic group since ancient times, good lusheng dance.Province in many places, such as kaili, congjiang, rongjiang, huang ping, this is very grand.By over-packaging Carey on the outskirts of boat creek township and huangping county is the valley of gansu da-zhai this most great.Carey, majiang, built leishan, Dan village, four counties border boat creek dai festival was held in the lunar calendar January 16 to 21, lusheng hall is located in the river sand.16 began to "hall", 17, 18, 19, 20, jumping lusheng, 19, increase the horse racing activities, also held a bullfight on 20, 21, end of lusheng, miao young men and women to "travel" activity.Will lusheng, cities and counties near dozens of kilometers of any place, time, people mountain people sea, sheng sound waves.People jumping lusheng round in one circle, the young man in a circle holding lusheng blowing while short, long, long jump, the girls dance in the rhythm of strike.Huangping county valley (lusheng, 27 solstice every year lunar calendar in September 29th, LuShengChang in a flat broad hillside.When the people coming from all directions, the number of most can reach tens of thousands of people.The festivities and there is little boat creek, the one thousand lusheng unison of the scene was very spectacular.

Miao customs and taboos

1, MiaoJiaRen most avoid is an outsider to "believe", considered to be the biggest insult for the hmong, they claim to "cover".Forbidden to kill the dog, the dog, don't eat dog meat;Can't sit merchant ancestral god, follow on a tripod can't use the foot;Don't whistle at home or at night;Can't eat grilled took gray Ci rake;Play is not allowed to use tape MiaoJiaRen;Door hang straw hat, branches or marriage funeral rite, not into the house;Sitting in the newlyweds, not through the middle, etc.

2, the guest to the merchant, shall respect to wine, the guest if accepted, the host will lead to a confidant.If the guest a good drinker, also want to symbolic PinZa.

3, kill chickens and hospitality MiaoJiaRen, total will be head of a dog than the tail of a lion, chicken liver, chicken to serve to the old man, or the most honorable guests, the chicken leg toThe child, the wings to young men and women, wish their great future.In a few generations, young men and women should not have too much affection.

4, close MiaoJiaRen and nature, and think that no matter the bridge head, under the tree, house, beside the stove has the gods.Whenever festivals or VIP guests coming, all burn incense, comfort ancestors, to pray for peace.Guests should not be expressed criticism for such activities.

5, MiaoJiaRen avoid is used a white rooster festival handsel;Avoid strangers casually touches the shrine of the main;Avoid the iron triangle with feet on fire;At the door of Mr Yang, meaning a patient in the home, avoid strangers into the home.

6, forbidden to kill the dog, the dog, don't eat dog meat;Can't sit merchant ancestral god, follow on a tripod can't use the foot;Don't whistle at home or at night;Can't eat grilled took gray Ci rake;Play is not allowed to use tape MiaoJiaRen;Door hang straw hat, branches or marriage funeral rite, not into the house;Sitting in the newlyweds, not through the middle, etc.

7, avoid stepping on a cast iron tripod tripods merchant gehenna, used for cooking, legend of the tripod is the ancestors into three fire protection, anyone can't trample, otherwise it is disrespectful to ancestors.

8, avoid sitting above a pit of fire pit on the right near the stele, miao is referred to as "ram" (hangd (hangd ghao, equipped with ancestral god, is the elders sitting, it is forbidden to sit here, young people and children are not allowed to play on it, wave water or swearing, otherwise it is against the fathers, and the man of god were angry.

9, avoid shock "longyan" merchant in the middle of the room there was a rock, rock plate for "dragons' den", most avoid is: vibration, vibration is said to be "dragons' den", "dragon" will be frightened away, the host will suffer.

10 and their parents alive cream white white handkerchief which identifies bereavement terribly.

11, avoid is smell a cuckoo di, each spring, YangQiao open, the odds of toilet when the first time I heard YangQiao chirping, is considered bad luck, RangXie must be conducted.Its RangXie method is to find (if young, must RangXie) on his behalf by his mother dressed as a beggar, 1-3 days, go begging please m, should be not smell the voice of the chicken breeds of wild cook cooked food, party

Can eliminate the evil.Tujia also in the sound of the cuckoo azo dye crows in divination myself a year of luck.If sleep in a bed early smell cuckoo cry, is prosperous, if being walking or labor production at the beginning of time, mean self-built will labor time in a year.

12, avoid smell owl call, in tujia mind of ominous bird owl, especially taboo to hear the singing, hear an owl call murakami willThe dead。

13, don't see the snake wrapped, the so-called snake around the snakes mating.Legend if people see it, will be destruction.Its RangXie method has two: one is to hurry up the road outside his pants off, cover cap on his head or in the snake.Second, meanwhile, and if there is a companion, immediately call for company name, if the other party agreed to, the evil will come in response to the body.General situation is, however, see two snake killed with a stone or wood, can eliminate the evil.Also not dozen and resolve with language word yue: "I wish you heaven becomes an immortal, I wish you a twisted rope wear copper";Dissolve the ci of the tujia yue: "is the ascension of the dragon, is the drill grass snake, is" to get rich.

14. Avoid: maternal fertility, avoid home outside.Must wash feet, when accidentally strayed into, go out and drink a bowl of cold water, in case of maternal milk "on dry".Maternal avoid eating mother mother yellow beef, pork, chicken, fish, vegetables, pepper and so on.Some miao area, avoidA pregnant womanMeet with pregnant women, also avoid to other maternal family, or that will extend maternity leave.

15. Living custom taboo: some miao region, avoid wash water the retort, rice bags, rice basin at any time, only when eating new rice washing, welcome to go to the old (metres).At any time will wash wash house, enough to eat.Drinking water in the mountain of avoid to drink, you must first make CaoBiao, ghost to kill disease.Avoid moving others put on the side of the road of clothing, in order to avoid infectious leprosy.Avoid the child in the home play small bow and arrow, shot ancestors.Avoid is across the child's head, otherwise the child long is not high.A bench taboo woman sit with elders.