Early medieval India traditional and popular religion, new brahminism also said.Most christians living in the south Asian subcontinent.In NepalThe HinduFor the church of England.

history

Hinduism is based on brahmanism, the absorption of other Indian folk beliefs, fusion to the ideological contents of Buddhism and jainism.4th century, the great support of the gupta dynasty in India, began to form, integrated by 8 ~ 9 th-century shang jie's reform, gradually to finalize the design.The teaching is in some ways, though different from brahmanism, but the basic characteristics and cultural traditions, still following the brahmans.

The middle ages the Hindu

Gupta dynasty set up in the fourth century later, the brahmans cultural Renaissance.In the BC gupta, compiled the code of manu, the "/ nawal chiellini code and the code of the radha, etc., is one of the basic rules for the brahmans and Hindu later.Epic, the ramayana and the mahabharata, also done in this period.To admit the vedic orthodox philosophy of authority.It produced a large number of theory, make brahminism began systematic philosophy.This period in the subject of religion art creation and prosperity.At the same time, the theologians wrote a large number of classics and mythology, absorb a lot of folk beliefs, Buddhism and jainism even Greek religion, the content of the Roman religious thought, worship of the "trimurti" brahma, Vishnu and shiva.Later, due to the different worship god appeared various sects, is establishedtempleAnd so on.Such brahminism was finished to the Hindu.After the gupta dynasty, divided into many small country southwest India, political dictatorship, economically because of the western Roman empire and the Arab invasion, important commercial port, west coast cities have destroyed, causing a significant decline of international trade and business, thus further deepen the atresia and isolation of the rural economy.In this case, the Hindu in many areas tend to be quiet.By the 8th century, sankara to reform the Hindu, Hinduism and a new look.He systematically expounds the principle of the upanishads monism, to India's other religious and philosophical schools serious criticism, several important faction laid a theoretical foundation for the Hindu.He set up in the south Asian subcontinent four orientation four temples, as Christian pilgrimage center, and imitates the buddhist sangha organization established the "cult of ten", this is the beginning of the hindus organized.Shankara's reform to promote the development of Hinduism.After that, some sects of Hinduism has enlightenment, and is close to buddhist tantric phase.Tantra is a secret ceremony the floorboard of the sect, it is in a highly organized the spell, yili, common instrument for its characteristics, the main object is the goddess worship.India's spell at about the 10th century BC before and after the formation of the atharva Veda, "there are records, after several centuries and has new development.Gupta dynasty, popular in the folk belief of durga shiva's wife or mother worship, and gradually formed a sexual force sent later.Hindu tantra, generally considered the buddhist tantric for late, because of the tantra and tantric amalgamation, contributed to the decline of Buddhism in India.End of Buddhism in India, the mahayana buddhist tantric in tantra, or easy to take the left, it in Bangladesh Hindu Vishnu believers have considerable influence, therefore also appears the same principles in Hinduism and pie.

712 Arab invasion in the Indus river downstream sindh, Islam has been introduced to.Sun agaric vi Mongolia post 1526, establish a mughal.Under the rule of mughal Muslim, Hindu, once, a large number of temple was destroyed, christians were forced to convert to Islam, also has a large number of untouchable to throw off the shackles of the Hindu caste system, take the initiative to be joined to Islam.Islam the Wang Zhong some harsh crackdown on to Hinduism, and others take the attitude of tolerance.

Under islamic rule, from the beginning of the 11th century, Hinduism appear in the two tendencies: one is the fusion of Hinduism and Islam;Another is in south India, Tamil areas appeared in the nature of reformism religious movement.11th century ago Tamil has two rap group composed of folk poets or monks, is the yan luo and embrace Vishnu shiva al anwar.The two groups preached of god's love letter, relief can be obtained in the world or the afterlife, they worship the Hindu god and its various incarnations, against the troublesome sacrificial ceremony and the caste system.This faith propaganda, after more than two centuries, the southern gradually introduced to the north, and meet various sects, become a large number of religious movement.This movement reflects in the middle ages under the feudal rule of the broad masses of farmers, craftsmen, and the requirements and interests of the urban poor.Religious theory are the founders of rama's /.His successors rama tuo BeiNaLeSi centered, with the center of the cult of rama rama is established, then check the tania, toure cedars, degree, etc.These religious leaders to use the local language, translation many classical Sanskrit writings, write poetry of a lot of enthusiasm and popular story.

Modern Hindu

In the 16th centurygrapesTeeth, the French colonialists invaded the subcontinent, especially after the middle of the 19th century the British colonized India, India's feudal mode of production began to collapse, the abnormal development of capitalism.In India the enlightenment, in the Hindu groups appeared a lot of religious and social reform.They criticize the medieval scholasticism theology, sectarianism, brahman bossy, the phenomenon such as idolatry and animals;Against the caste system, and the widow martyrdom, child marriage, no women to participate in social activities such as social old habits of domestic abuse, demanding religious and secular life, to serve the broad masses of compatriots.On the introduction of western science and technology at the same time, promote national culture.In these groups, mainly in Bangladesh in 1828 founded by roma, "Abraham, luo yi the Vatican club;In mumbai in 1875 by than "tuo retinues ROM room cut bottom founded the club;Established in 1863 in Calcutta by swami rama gael clichy the church;In 1875 by Russian women and shimron, Ralph, etc in New York, and then a big branch in India was association, etc.Reform of the Hindu community in Indian modern society improvement and played an important role in the nationalist movement.

Modern Hindu

The end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, many leaders of India's bourgeois nationalism movement introduce the Hindu political, diligent to India's national democratic movement based in Hinduism, promote the Hindu ideal is the ideal of national and social liberation of India.The congress party leaders such as iron, and the robin, gaussian and Gandhi propaganda Hindu beliefs.

At present, the teaching effect in India, according to 1982 statistics, about 82.7% of the total population.Many parties, groups and caste system with links, the old sect is still in the activities, such as Hindu assembly and the appearance of many new organization.Hinduism to India's legal system in such aspects as education, culture and social life and has a significant impact.

The basic beliefs

The Hindu religion, philosophy, ethics view is quite complex and even contradictory.Hindu social class, group, and different culture class with their different beliefs and practices.Hinduism has no unified classic, no recognized JiaoZu.So it is difficult for the Hindu beliefs and characteristics make a generally accepted definition.Because it is taught by the vedas, the brahman teaches, brahmanism still be preserved some of the basic beliefs, but in the new historical conditions, these beliefs played a corresponding change.

Caste division

The Hindu secular life and religious life is closely inseparable.At the heart of the secular life is strictly abide by the caste system, caste is a professional hereditary, internal intermarriage and outsiders are not allowed to attend the class group.The caste brahminism code is divided into four kinds: brahmans (priests), kshatriya (warrior, noble), barking up (farmers, craftsmen and businessmen), sudra (slaves), and excluded outside the caste zhan tuo luo (untouchables, not contacts).Is at the time of the brahminism into Hindu India period of feudal society to establish and consolidate.Caste system with the feudal production relations and the class structure changes and have the important changes.7th century, Chinese monk xuan zang and yijing in India has seen the change of the four castes, barking up at that time has become a "distance" by profit-seeking businessman, sudra has become a "regular body farm" farmers.After completely reduced to a colony in India, caste differentiation is more complex, sharply.According to 1901 statistics, Indian caste had 45 major categories and hundreds of level.To surge in the 70 s to the 4000 subspecies name, every village subspecies name, an average of more than 10 untouchables, about more than 100 million people, divided into 600 level.Brahman is known as the "god of the earth", in the ancient and medieval host supervision and various kinds of sacrifice, monopoly cultural knowledge;In modern times, their status has been challenged.In the brahman caste besides some people served as the priests, the rest are engaged in culture and education or business, especially in north India.Between various surname in cities, especially have received education interact between caste and marriages are common, is the collapse of the Indian family system.But caste division and its corresponding domestic abuse in rural, mountainous and remote areas are still very popular.

Karma and rebirth

Karma cycle of thought has been put forward in the brahmana, upanishads, by the brahmans as fundamental beliefs, Hinduism and further to play them.Hindu declared: each kind of life plant-based (sentient beings), including people, have the soul, the soul attached to a kind of invisible karma karma is caused by the behavior properties of sentient beings, when the sentient beings of the body after death, the soul of the sentient beings can also be raised in another body, in the process of resurrection adhesion soul karma plays a decisive role.For man, a man reincarnated form depends on himself during his lifetime behavior: good good, to do evil to evil;What are the seeds, then what is the harvest.The teaching also believes that the reincarnation cycles no start and no end, go through a series of cycle of life and death and suffering, only through arduous practice, to break the chain of it, to get relief.The Hindu factions besides sex leaper all karma cycle of thoughts.

Relief method and the path, think there are three kinds of commonly: (1) the behavior of the way (tao).Strict adherence to the Hindu "law" (ACTS or ethical norms), follow the caste obligation, obey the commandments, the regular sacrifice, so as to achieve liberation;(2) the road of knowledge.Through some learning, practice, penance and meditation etc, make the individual soul (I) in the highest (brahman) or god, one with brahman, and thus obtain supreme bliss or relief;(3) the path of faith.For the love of god, refuge, gain favor, so as to achieve liberation.Hindu factions and the caste of the above three roads with their different explanations, also focused in practice.

Acknowledge the authority of the deities in the vedas

The vedas is India's oldest religious and historical documents compiled by is the corpus of praise and prayer to god, known as the "classic" apocalypse.According to the vedic, later made countless classics theory, brahman has also established in the study and research the vedic vedic auxiliary extracts (Ming theory), that is, from poetry, grammar, origin, astronomy etc. Explain the vedic specialized subject.Teaching evolution in the vedas as brahmanism, again in the process of the evolution of Hinduism, Veda has been the root of the brahmans and Hindu classic.In name of Hinduism believes most of the factions.Hindu philosophy of classical ─ ─ "six philosophy" is to admit that based on the authority of the vedas.But all times and all factions have different explanations and play on the vedas, some explain clearly and runs counter to the meaning of the vedas.Buddhism and Hinduism, jainism public some of the reformists in denial and refuse to authority of the vedas, but its advocates also affected by the vedic in different degrees.In modern times the Hindu religious and social reform movement, many thought James ancient restructuring, put forward the slogan of "back to the vedic".

Essence is monotheistic god worship

On the surface, Hinduism is god worship, in the Hindu pantheon, with numerous - god.A Hindu but worship, god's home village and professional patron saint, and to worship their god or the Lord god (the Buddha), such as church worship shiva, shiva vaishnava worship of Vishnu, etc., but the Hindu view, behind these gods and an ultimate reality ─ ─ the blessed one.The Vatican does not have any attributes, nor of any form;It surpasses all the time and space, and to cause and effect, the Vatican is the cause of everything and fundamental;The soul of the people in order to escape just in the Vatican.Therefore, Vishnu and shiva and brahma gods, just as the concrete form of the blessed one and show.Puranas such classic play in this idea further expounds the trimurti said that brahma, Vishnu and shiva is the highest of the three different aspects, there is the highest in the process of creating the universe of the three different role or power.Three god not only is the highest existence or brahman, other god is also the Vatican height at different stages of various performance.As a result, the Hindu god worship more not exclude a god worship, polytheism is essentially a theory of god.

Carnalism and asceticism in parallel

Hinduism has a secret, two multiplication.Prevalent in the tantra the wheel seat, force in sex goddess "5 M" cult, etc.In addition, in the folk belief, popular and even killing animals such as the living as a sacrifice to the sacrifice.In some denominations, strictly implement vegetarianism, advocate the blessed one line (clean), especially to keep non-violence or "nor" ideal, nor destroyed by the upanishads as a broken twice-born cycle one of five kinds of practice methods."The dwarf purana" will also be the personified as a goddess to worship them.Gandhi, who inherited the ideas, not harm is constitute one of the basic principle of ahimsa.

The gods

Seven Hindu claims from heaven to the earth kingdom a total of 330 million gods.But the main objects of worship is the "holy trinity" of brahma, Vishnu and shiva and countless patron god incarnate, spouse, children and;The second is the natural personal god (sun, moon, storm god, the earth mother, etc.), animals and plants (which god cattle, apes, snake, banyan tree, a lotus, etc.) and wood and male and female sex organs, etc.In addition, there are godlike ancestors and heroic spirit, asura, hag and Russian evil spirits and demons.

brahman

One of the three major Hindu god, in the puranas known as the creator of the world.He has four head four hands, is said to have create retinues luo room cut bottom soul (speed) as a wife;Son's room cut bottom in mythology is the patron saint of wisdom, literature and art and science, portable instrument, bay leaf, beads and lotus, often ride a swan or a peacock.Hinduism believes that brahma after creating the world has done his duty;His daughter as a wife, is to make the inverse of the shameful, therefore the brahman is not very seriously, at present only in pucci, one of the worship to brahma temple, but the worship of the retinues luo room cut bottom are very popular.

Vishnu

Hindus worship god.Is considered a sustainer of the universe ─ ─ a force between creation and destruction.According to puranas portrayed: he has four hands, points with round treasure (symbol of the circumference of the infinite time), bows and arrows, triton (symbol of the ubiquitous vanity voice), lotus and Taoist symbol (destroy all of the power of the enemy), rode on golden wings dapeng bird or lie on the snake body, a lotus navel, sitting on the brahman.There are 1000 titles of Vishnu, one of the important epic hero in dark, India's ancient Sartre nahuatl saint tile Sue devas, narayana.Buddhism is called time into the day, for all the gods of ubiquitous or above.Many incarnations of Vishnu, the myth of him in order to save the gods and the world had been turned into fish, turtles, wild boar, lion, Japanese people, parasurama, rama, dark, Buddha,, and other 10 kinds of main image.

shiva

Hindu thought to be the destroyer of worlds and a reformer.Can he appeared in a different character and different names from time to time yourself, characterized by four image in the myth: (1) extremely terrible destruction of god.Legend has it that his neck hung skull, often live in the graveyard, wandering between the ghost spirit, management of the "time", known as the spirit of the Lord.He was in battle with the devil, is said to have the milk poisons swallowed in the sea, the neck was burned, so it is also called "green" neck;(2) the Hindu think destruction and regeneration of causal, therefore shiva and regeneration of the master, to the male genitalia (ng) on behalf of its image, so the popularity of shiva Lin of worship;(3) "the great ascetic.Mythology depicted his naked eye four hands, head plate of braids, painted a crescent moon, neck hung skull, armed with three strands of hair pin.When it is said that the Ganges descent to fall on his head, flow to the earth again, therefore, also known as holder of the Ganges;(4) "gave the Lord".Legend of Lord shiva, the founder of India and soft two dance, he symbolizes the destruction of the world dance.According to myth and legend, shiva has a wife and two.His wife often performance for different shapes, thus has a different name: Ms. Pal goddess (snow mountain), toure ng (durga), ng (female), shaq's (sexual goddess), uma, d, etc.(see image of fujian quanzhou dynasty. hindus genitals worship sites)

Snow mountain goddess durga, when the mother is Siva christians worship of the goddess, especially in south India worship.After the goddess is absorbed by buddhist tantra, along with the esoteric Buddhism was introduced into China in Tibet and other regions, also worship to Tibetan Buddhism;Tibetan buddhist temple in the gods can be seen everywhere.Lama temple in Beijing is too hard for mother, mother statue, etc.

Myth in the two sons of shiva is the blessed Lord ganesh (like god, happy day) and tiffany (wei tuo days).Nie sand are the son of shiva and born to snow mountain goddess.Puranas describing him as head of the personal, long nose four hands, carry a backThe mouse, neck hanging beads.Like god worship is very popular in southeast Asia, Tibetan Buddhism in China may also be affected.A popular god format in dunhuang paintings.The mythical ogre's faye is god's army seven arms.

sect

In the development process of Hindu portal is different because of the Lord god worship, shicheng;For some classic and philosophical views on differences;Caste division;The difference of monks and lay people spiritual life;Public and secret ceremony different and factors such as regional deaden formed many sects and school, which again invaded numerous branches.But the basic sect is a set of Vishnu and shiva and from shiva, points out the resistance force of pie.The three sects have been dominant since the middle ages, people in the impact is bigger also.

vaishnava

Main worship of Vishnu, and his soul mate auspicious and his incarnation.The practice method emphasizes the integrity of god, refuge more than intellectual enlightenment, mostly vegetarian, asceticism and asceticism gauge ring.Sacrifice generally held in the temple, against using animals as a sacrifice.Currently popular in the west coast of northern India and regions, especially in uttar pradesh, punjab, rajasthan, GuJia lats and horse harrah's special area.

The pie about formation between 11 ~ 12 centuries.Is the founder and rama's founder.He put forward the theory of system is limited to monism, emphasize sincerely love letter to god and absolute refuge, for god spoil;The combination of individual soul with god is a main way of relief.He was in god calling for refuge, breaking caste barriers and discrimination against women.In addition, he also faithful to the pure spiritual life (food, net away, not afraid, do not harm, etc.) and strictly implement the provisions of the sacrifice.His activities and the influence is mainly in south India.His successor rama difficult tuo further play to the pietism, and established the rama.He thinks that if a man said to the most high god rama love letter and speak the name of rama, bathed in grace, can get relief.In local language in the lower classes, arms against idolatry and caste discrimination.He put the rama's/belief spread to north of the region.

In the 16th century, the check of Bangladesh, and advocate the worship of the dark and radha, dark pie is established.Check yitai "thought, the shepherd boy black love for radha symbolizes the human soul, the love of god;Refuge don't need cumbersome sacrifice to god, as long as the great ode to sing the dark - radha, you can gain the grace of god.As a result, the pie flag often cry when sing praise, beating drums, attract people to join their marches.In the dark, under the influence of orissa again ze, special (main), the vision of the dark factions, is an extreme religious sect.

Tile rabbah (raft logic shiva) was established in north India's maha - pie (king), the further development of the worship of the dark - radha, publicity of god's love letter can obtain the grace of god, to make free spirit into heaven.The religions of the pie that mentor is dark or god's representative on the ground, so to tutor for worship.The sink is combined with tantra ritual, known as the wto vaishnava pie, the factions in many parts of India have temple, so far there are affected.

Shiva pie

A great god to worship the god shiva.Chinese translation of buddhist classics are often called "ash heretics", "(which means outside lane", "big comfortable this way".Shankara is regarded as the founder of theory.Some scholars think that shiva, sent from the beast before and after the main parties.Lord sent the classic of the beast master sutra is about 1 century, the works of Chinese history books have also been recorded.

The pie in the process of development has formed a lot of branches.Influential are: (1) the Kashmir of shiva.The middle of 9th century popular in Kashmir, some 64 kinds of classic.The pie that shiva through a mystical power ─ ─ shakti (spirit, joy and desire forces, activity), and manifest for individual soul and the phenomenon of the manifolds of the world.Don't think the real world is so false, the individual soul to after several times of "between", is one with shiva, and liberation.(2) Lin sent.Also known as a brave man shiva.For believers to wear ogre named Lin.The pie about Buddhism and jainism decline began to flourish.Legend was founded in the 12th century of baasha watts.Ng sent Lin denied the authority of the vedas the doctrine of rebirth and karma, against idolatry, no caste system and the practice of discrimination against women.But strictly comply with the net method of four glad yili and his family.Christians in the introduction to a type will follow a mentor (gamma), thus forming the tradition of teacher and pupil patrimony.Is currently south India's most influential faction.(3) the scripture pie.Due to the praise of saivism in recite classics the name.Language can be divided into Sanskrit Canon and tammy scripture two.The former worship 28 kinds of classical Sanskrit, the latter inheritance in worship shiva sent 63 saints and their classical, praises.Scripture emphatically the theory research and exploration, declared that the existence of the universe there are three kinds of basic, namely god (Siva), and the individual spirit and material.Show the material world is 36 kinds of phenomena or category, is a fantasy.But due to the ignorance of people, bound by material or industry, in a cycle time;Only to get rid of ignorance, eliminate karmic obstacles, get the favour of shiva, one with infinite knowledge and energy of Lord shiva, can only be free.The pie prevails in Tamil areas at present, there are a few believers madras and Kashmir.

Sexual leaper

Separated from shiva sent a faction, to worship goddess force for its characteristics.Worship of the goddess, have already Indian folk, Hindu after intake of folk beliefs, the worship of more outstanding.Main worship of durga, the consort of shiva, Vishnu soul mates auspicious, brahma mate soul speed and dark spouses' radha, etc.

Sexual leaper has two branches: the left and the right way.The former in the polo dynasty (about 750 ~ 1195) is very popular.Using secret rituals, main of yili to wine, meat, fish, cereal, and even personal sacrifices, such as wheel seat (hybrid) according to the regulations of the religious, men and women, yoga (through spiritual concentration of enlightened god) and the curse, etc.They do not XinYe samsara, against caste segregation and discrimination against women.When the famous temples are kolkata mother temple and the yarlung zangbo river upstream of the gamma ji temple.Set the right way is the 13th century from left in the breakaway, the ceremony of sacrifice and the public, to comply with the vedic rituals, sacrifice generally held in the temple, with flowers and rice as offerings, such as much.Currently popular in Bangladesh and Nepal, orissa, Assam, in the southern Indian state of kerala has some believers.

Ng bill sent

In medieval India pious sent movement improved one faction.Founder ng bill done weavers, old age in the Hindu reform and propaganda work.Suppabuddha the bill on the basis of the limitations in the rama/monism intake islamic sufi monotheism, claimed that the universe's highest or god really can be referred to as brahma, Vishnu and shiva, also known as Allah or other;Through the good faith to god and god combination can get salvation.He opposes idolatry, caste division and discrimination against women, called for the Hindu and Muslim unity.The pie in the folk has quite influence.

The blessed one club

Modern Hindu reform movement first appeared in the reform group.Founder of roma, "Abraham, luo yi in the upanishads monotheism, on the basis of absorbing ideas factor of Islam, Christianity, put forward to worship only, rational entity ─ ─ the blessed one, and scrap all fiddly fete ceremony;Against the caste system, idol worship, discrimination against women, hostile to pagan, promote modern education and the western science and technology.Later, in luo yi successor durbin, rana, under the guidance of tagore, put forward a set of more radical religious reform programme.In 1866, cob sand cloth, chandra, sun comprehensive Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, and the content such as Chinese Confucianism, founded the "new heaven", in "for the service of god as a service" slogan, carrying out social reform and cultural education work.But his anglophile political attitude and don't abide by the principle of brahman club about caste intermarriage, opposed by some young radicals.In 1870, the opposition set up the public social.

The club

One of the Hindu reform group.In 1875, up to the difficult tuo · retinues room cut bottom founded in mumbai.He is under the slogan of "back to the vedic", the ancient restructuring, reform the Hindu, and criticizes the Christian cultural aggression.He advocated religious services for the poor compatriots, promote the world's physical, mental and social happiness.The club in India bourgeois society improvement and played an important role in nationalist movement.For nearly 30 years, is within the scope of international development, with the international union of Aryan, Asia, Africa, north and South America have their branches.There are many members at home and abroad at present, has fifteen universities and hundreds of small Chinese and for the lower caste 'children for school.

Rama Krishna in the church

The most influential in the Hindu religious groups and social reform.The philosopher swami founded in 1897 in Calcutta.Bian xi to follow their teacher rama Krishna advocated "human religion", and with the theory of vedanta monism system demonstration.He told all the darkness in the Hindu and social custom of the criticism, and called on the people of India to smash on the spirit of "the evil" feudalism and colonialism brought about by the mental shackles.Rama Krishna church in "religious to serve the poor" and "compatriots ─ ─ this is the first" worship of god, under the slogan of positive social reform and education cultural work.This has many universities and research institutions at home, offering all kinds of books and periodicals.In Asia, Africa, Europe, north and South America in many areas has the branch of the church or ramakrishna vedanta research center.

sacrifice

Occupies an important place in the Hindu, Christian's life is good at offering.But in the position and role of religious and don't like brahminism period is the highest and the "universal".

Sacrifice way roughly divided into two aspects of family and the public, the former have held in the family.The twice-born christians every day must be carried out on the "big five" : (1) offering of brahman.To seize the brahma, recitation of the vedic scriptures;(2) the gods.Put some food into the flame before day food, an offering made by fire;(3) creatures offerings.To all beings giving food, how millet seed, said mercy;(4) offerings of ancestors.Water to water taboo plant-based, pray for protection;(5) human sacrifice.Support brahman or entertaining guests.In addition to the daily sacrifice, the Christian life's important act will held all kinds of yili, yili have 12 kinds of traditional, namely, conception, into male, distribution, birth, naming, outing, feed, DE facto, shaved head, into laws, to return home,To get married(see the brahmans);But the content and the ancient already had a big difference.There is a respected etiquette, pulls, shave hair, into the method and get married, etc.

Public worship generally held in temples or workplace.The Hindu temples scattered, each temple worship of their gods;In addition to every day, the daily act, every festival, the priests, frequent praise, likes singing and dancing.Gods in, gongs, whole city lined up for (this is the duty of christians).Temple is generally support number of priests and clergy.Temples or dojo also gathered around a large number of saints, ascetic monk, astrologer, Nostradamus, to travel, face reading hand, wizards and dancer.Temple is not only a religious ceremony, and is a political, cultural and business center.

holiday

Hindu festival, there are a few common to all denominations admit there are some holiday just for a region, a church or a temple espouses.

The Spring Festival

Also called holi.India's biggest festival, in the Gregorian calendar at the full moon day 2 ~ 3 months.Sacrifice to the meaning of each region is different: in the west Indies, are farmers celebrate the grain harvest;In the matra, honor heroes died;In Bangladesh, is the activity of worship of disrepair.When christians sing and dance, and red water, said to celebrate.

The New Year

The beginning of the New Year in India, 10 months in the Gregorian calendar.Legend is Vishnu for miss lucky, having given barking caste festival.Commonly known as section businessman from debts.During the holiday season to wear new clothes, greeting each other between friends and relatives, gifts gifts, firecrackers, and even to prefer new to old acquaintances.

Durga festival

Also known as nine night day.The memory of the festival durga over cattle demon.In ancient times, is often the auspicious day of maharaja to neighbouring countries.Sacrifice the way around.Some men and women believers can attend, and some only allow women to participate in.Before 8 in the family or the public held a simple ceremony, choose a virgin as an object of worship or on the fifth day choose nine virgin worship together.9 days, the lower caste to slaughter the buffalo, durga.

Double tenth day

The Gregorian calendar year 5 ~ 6 months in the bath in the Ganges, believe that can avoid foul, lies, slander, SAO, theft hideous, blindly, greed, evil thoughts, such as foolish ten evils.

Bus section

Gregorian calendar 6 ~ 7 months in eastern India's orissa in city ze nutter temple held activities.Then, carry out from the general Mr Nutter gods, in as much as several meters of the car, round number of turns, placed in a detached palace 14 days, for people to worship, then back to the original temple.Vaishnava christians think worship ze, can be exempted from samsara, in the past, some fervent believers often involved in the wheel, let the wheels were killed, to show his devotion.

Relations with China

Complement according to China's recent archaeological findings and historical documents, deduce the Hindu and its predecessor brahminism was introduced into China about four lines: (1) by the Indian coromandel coast, through the strait of malacca, Malaysia to quanzhou, guangzhou and other ports;(2) by the Indian Assam through myanmar into yunnan province and southwest;(3) of the silk road, namely the Kashmir, green hill, along the tianshan mountains in two between north and south road, to the sunlight and yumenguan;(4) by India through Nepal, the Himalayan into Tibet road, this is the route India Buddhism was introduced into Tibet directly.

According to the "big tang monk Crusades", contained in the tang dynasty, has had an Hindu temple in guangzhou.And at the time of the northern song dynasty quanzhou Hindu temple may be built.In quanzhou unearthed cultural relics, can see a lot of stone forest, and mainly Hindu god carved stone statues, statues, such as Vishnu and shiva, dark, mother-in-law her soul, auspicious,, and building the great hanuman, lion, etc.In addition, the epic ramayana and the mahabharata and puranas the mythical relief, Tamil inscriptions and diamond stone pillars, etc.In xinjiang kizil and see dunhuang grottoes murals in Hindu mythology, gods, etc.Visible several major sects of Hinduism are spread in China.

In Chinese, Tibetan Tibetan tripitaka, especially of tantra with a large number of historical materials about the brahmans and Hindu.Monks in ancient China, travelers and diplomats to visit to South Asia, southeast Asia and made a lot of records and some was lost in India, but in China there is still a translation save Hindu classics and philosophical works, such as ease of black gold seventy theory essence (eds), hui in the victory of ten words of the righteous "(eds) xuan zang and so on, all can understand the brahmans and Hindu development and its influence on China.

The 7th century, xuan zang who should be the king of the east India resin dove "please, translate the daodejing into Sanskrit, spread in India.China's Taoism and the Hindu tantra had a history of the communication.India tantra classic tara secret by righteousness, maha shina work practices, fengshen temple more than cursed, "sumeru temple more than" called tantra practices such as law, one of the "shina work" is to learn from China.Indian legend tantra famous masters compassion for learning was "China power" to China.According to Tamil tantra literature, south India tantra 18 "achievement" (completed) practice of two from China.The Tamil name gad and puri barney, respectively.About in the third century AD in India ogre to spread Taoist medicine and chemistry, such as ye wrote spell, medical skill and alchemy, chemistry history and history of tantra in India has certain status.Taoism and tantra in practice the theory and practice a lot in common, such as tantra believes that the world is made up of men and women and, Taoism has said of Yin and Yang as well;Taoism and tantra attaches great importance to the mental and the physical training, the practice method of tantrism has double body, Taoism has combined gas of;Both engaged in the practice of inside and outside Dan Dan, Taoist thought to be long-lived, tantra, is to keep the body of the immortal.

Hindu yoga in the 4th century was introduced into China about the han areas, and Buddhism, Taoism medicine, martial arts and folk have relations of qigong.In Tibetan areas and the teaching and some of the science of uniting the Tibetan Buddhism art, and formed a set of hidden secret system of yoga.Put forward the repair quality of China Buddhism zen zen, tiantai establish practice six tip door and advocated by the pure land Buddhism chanting samadhi, are affected by the Indian yoga.Chinese history books recorded in fitness related to Indian yoga, a northern and southern dynasties when the popular "yi jin jing", the tang dynasty of tianzhu massage method of brahman in the song dynasty, guiding method.

In terms of cultural science knowledge, brahman in performing sacrifice, explain the vedic establish and develop a lot of auxiliary called sacrifice to learn discipline, such as astronomy, philology, phonology, logic (hetuvidya), medical (d shirakawa, theory of longevity), technology (books on Ming), mathematics (altar), etc.The practical knowledge of science was introduced into China and Chinese culture communication.Such as qu haze sita out in 718 India's almanac "nine of the calendar", and made up a "kaiyuan accounted for by".In the sui and tang dynasties produced a variety of translation is the, algorithm and the brahmin ZhuXian prescriptions, etc.In the aspect of language and literature, Tibetan Sanskrit grammar is one of the most important classic "wave mene classics" and the epic ramayana (make).Chinese translation of "miscellaneous treasure of a" 10 luxury king margin "(ji and night and haze obsidian out in 427) and" six degrees of set of 46 "anonymous Wang Shengjing" (Kang Senghui out in 251) is the legend of the ramayana, earlier forms.