The source of the name

As is known to all, our country has a very long history, thousands of years the complicated historical changes, makes the surname after several changes.With s and the environment is complex, name the specific source, there are many different view in history.In general, a surname origin has the following kinds:

(1) the totem as surname

The so-called totem, is primitive times people have some kind of animals, plants or inanimate objects as their relatives, ancestor, or guardian angel.Believe that they will not hurt themselves, but also can protect themselves, and can get their superhuman strength, courage and skills.Totem is a sign of groups to distinguish between groups.It is the primitive superstition certain animals or natural objects and their related or some mysterious link between clan, people treat them with respect, under normal circumstances shall not be hurt.Totem plays an important role in the primitive society, it is the earliest signs and symbols of social organization.It has the solidarity groups, are closely related, to maintain social organizations and the role of the difference between each other.At the same time through the totem sign, of totem recognition, protected by totem.Therefore, used to make this clan envisage or logo, finally evolved into the clan people use surnames.

(2) to place of residence as a surname

In place of residence as a last name, is the ancient name of one of the sources.Legend in ancient times, yao yu shun was born in market, they have a name for the yao surname.In the spring and autumn period, a surname of qi doctors were living in a surname, south, west, north guo guo guo, with a surname, south guo as the last name;Shut the doctor lives in Simon, Simon as surname.Qi city I live in the east, his son for my name;Lu ZhongMin live in, so after his people for the nangongshan name;Their childe then living in east gate, the son of his descendants in the east as the last name;The other, the left and the south east, the orientation of the also is to live as a surname.

(3) the fiefs by first name as a last name

In this way, the name is a fairly large proportion in the Chinese surname.Many of the sons of clan original name herod, in the name.Such as ji fa micro son in song for song, descendants of the song as the last name;Zhou Feng non son of name for qin, their children because of surname, qin;Ji fa brother uncle clever in YingChuan for Lai Guo, hence its origin name is lai.The ancient qin state a surname doctor to LuYi (now shaanxi province), then to take surname for LuShi principality.Also for the surname Chen, qi, lu, zheng, zhao, wei, South Korea, wu, zhou, Canon, guo, and xu's surname.

(4) in office as a surname

In the pre-qin period, many positions are hereditary, even lost the office later, their offspring with a name for the office to call the family, to show their social status.Shi's officer is surname, qin has noted, the nations as early as in the pre-qin period, shi's has been all over the Yellow River north and south and the Yangtze river basin, the official historian of the people in history after the name.Also, the yellow emperor's grandson, called swing, he created a bow and arrow, he did officer also called long bow, then the prime minister a word, the word synthesis becomes the surname.Not, it is said that in ancient times had the official position, it is of the office, in charge of water conservancy yu has served as a common so someone takes it in his descendants for the surname;Sheep herder, is in charge of the prison term of office, son WeiLing male descendants, generation are sheep herder officer, so for sheep herder family name;In ancient times people name is li, the officer of the heavens and the earth, rhodium was tending overweight in later generations.Arrived with xuan wang, li descendants Cheng Bo father Hugh, officer to horse, running the national army, Mr Zheng auxiliary, powerful, later Cheng Bo Hugh parent g flat Xu Fang, s, zhou royal family would allow him to office for, his descendants became SiMaShi.

(5) in the title for the name

In the history of our country more than three thousand years ago the state of jin, king cheng of zhou is the younger brother of tang suyu sealing.A surname and Hou Shi is from the state of jin.A surname of the spring and autumn period jin jin "hou and his younger brother was being murdered JinWu ccba, then moved to other countries, by their generations, and the surname ancestor's title to, this is the source of Hou Xing.

(6) or as a professional skill for the name

Or as a professional skill for the surname, also is a kind of common method.In ancient times, some level lower nobles in charge of a career in a work, such as the early years of the western zhou dynasty, ji namesake vassal states.In the spring and autumn period, wei emperor offspring in animal husbandry for a living, so he will shepherd as a surname.Also known as the priest's.

(7) writings.finally as surname

The so-called "Shi", it is imperial and noble status after death, others on the basis of the deeds of his life for the title.King qi JiXiang brothter of childe small white, male was killed in duct, the ju qi, become emperor qi, as one of the spring and autumn period and the five bully, after writings.finally as "huan", after the death of the duke.The descendants of the ordinary is still the huan surname.Song kingdom of the gentleman's royal, writings.finally as "huan", after the death of history says Song Huangong.Their offspring to Tui, renamed huan Tui, afterward also said huan's.

(8) ancient ethnic minorities and han nationality integration, use Chinese word for surname

O like huan Hou Shi compound surname and LuHuan three-word take a word "huan" for surnamed, etc.

(9) given by last name, taboo name instead

Such as datang Wang Chaoci to ministers of state has the difference with li, Mr. Wang Chaoci zhu;Chinese emperor liu, all constant name for mounted instead of taboo.Emperor jing of jin jin dynasty imperial ancestors, the division name is short of pen ShuaiShi instead.

(10) due to avoid killing the surname

As the late western zhou dynasty song dai public a son named childe imitation stone, word father emperor, Song Wu Stuart's then.Have long DE Sou keep horde offensive song kingdom at that time, the emperor father leading back beat back long DE ren, but his father and two sons also unfortunately died.Then south harmony Chui the son of emperor father to his grandfather's words for the surname, referred to as the emperor's father.The vi father emperor sun mencius, and huang father.Song qin destroy, huang father fled to lu., in the middle of the western han dynasty emperor father meet lineal huang luan, luxuriant since moved to shanxi lu ling, the last name of the father instead of just words (ancient word homophones general), and then become HuangFuShi, etc.

In the history of the commonly used instead of a personal name:

(1) the disciple or addressed on the later generations.As Mr Wang fuzhi gradually said mountain.

(2) before the surname plus adjectives refer to specific people sharing.Such as jin dynasty writer ruan ji, a plucked stringed instrument an uncle also called nguyen and small nguyen (" ruan "and" xiao ruan "thus became a synonym for" uncle ", "nephew").

(3) the surname several adding specific people.Such as "the yi lu" means shang yi zhi, lu shang zhou.

(4) in the tang dynasty also often in line first, together with the name, official position, according to people.Song dynasty also has this reveals, such as qin qin said.

These plays the role name place name, official position, etc., are mostly people, later generations to show respect or convenient use, I do not use.This is different.

Origin of surnames in the form of many, and in constant development, sharing different source or recruited the homology and so on, is very complex.As the years passed, the emergence of a new name., such as giving their children take men and women both parties two tone is synthetic compound surname, and added new for surname "family".