What is the last name

Everyone has a family name, last name in the name of the person plays a very important role.General case, a person can be renamed, can even has several names, but it can not arbitrarily change the name, and each person is only a name.Last name is the sign of the family system, different systems with different family name.

As early as five thousand years ago, China's last name, and gradually expand, continue from generation to generation.The han nationality is the Chinese nation in the number of more people.It is made of xia, shang and on Wednesday the huaxia clan of evolved into the absorbed other nationalities, after the long fusion in the qin and han dynasties.

As we all know, after entering the civilized society, all system centered in male, male the social status of women is superior.But before that, we have experienced a matriarchal society, during this period, the status of women is very high, men are in a relatively minor position.This is determined by the level of productivity at that time, because the productivity is quite low, women in a dominant position in production activities, thereby in economic and political life is dominant.

Matriarchal society in the marriage relationship is a marriage, marriage is only between the different matriarchal clan, as an adult, women stay in their native, contemporary with other clan men formed a marriage relationship, that is to say, grown man must leave this clan, the clan and the clan of the other women live together.At that time people know who is his own mother, but I do not know who was his father, "to determine the lineage can only from my mother.Only admit that female lines ", therefore, so beside the word "raw" and "female", all the children of matriarchal society mother, inherit mother's surname, according to the literature, we first use the surname is for the purpose of the "marriage", "Ming lineage", "don't race".

Because women have high social status, and so many ancient family name with a "female", such as the last name is "ginger" yan emperor, huangdi name is "ji", YuShunXing "yao", "yi are the offspring of the last name" won "the offspring of the name is" good ", illustrates the surname and clan has a very close relationship.

We often say "name", "family name" is the "f", "f" is "family name"?Before the qin dynasty, last name and surname is different meaning, the meaning of the two.

Name origin early, also after the formation of stable;Origin's late and constantly changing.Name for the surname, out by the last name.Surname word ancient form of word is "person" and "life", which is born, born to name.Qin sharpening the curse ChuWen, beginning see surname word for word "woman" and "born" a combination of words, the glyph has finally been han xu shen setting, as knowing the word.'s words, as early as in the oracle., from xia-shang-zhou dynasties surname social functions is on behalf of the title race, with common kinship and surname is derived from the name of the branch.

Surname, the ancient pronunciation with "a", is a branch of the name is derived.Because, the reproduction of the people of a clan is divided into several teams, each has its own special title, that's surname.And last name, it comes from the same male ancestor of all belong to common symbols, and is the result of patriarchal clan society and future of slave society.

Starting from the late primitive society, male is slowly becoming important role in the production activities, will affect their status in family and society, gradually, the social status of men than women, the human society, the transition from matriarchal society to patriarchal clan society adult male in this clan in the production and life, and adult women leave the clan to clan and the clan in the other man live together.Increases day by day along with the future generations of breeding, a family's population is too much, to live together, many things will happen difficulty, this kind of situation is not conducive to the production and life, and not easy to leadership and management.So, some people had to be separated from a large family, live somewhere else.Since then coupled with the change of the identity and occupation, the descendants of a common ancestor gradually divided into several branches.

The earliest formed in the late primitive society.When the yellow emperor "胙 soil's life".Along with the collapse of the clan system and the class society, the formation of the national system, the reward give land to the habit of life's.Then, the surname, the source of formation appeared, appear in various forms of phenomenon.

On Monday, before the surname to the difference between the marriage, so the namesake, recruited, ordinary family name.There's surname to distinguish high and your, no's famous and rich.

Regulus's some from to one number, such as, gao Yang;Some come from to one writings.finally, such as text, wu;Some of name comes from, such as qi, lu, etc.;Some in the title, such as wang, hou, etc;Some from the office, such as sima, Stuart;Some from the professional, such as wu, tao;Some gets its name from the living place, such as Simon, a surname.

Surname with the surname is different, marriage can pass;Sharing not intermarry.The scope of surname scope is big,'s small.Clan can say's noble man, woman and low status, no surname, those who hold humble occupation and living people would not have surnames in the country.A person can have only one name (except han later), but can have several's at the same time.

The spring and autumn period and the warring states period, some noble reduced to subaltern, some even into slavery;And there are many original subaltern, political status and economic status improved, most slaves were also got the liberation, the people also began to have the surname, used to distinguish and surname system began to become chaotic.Western han dynasty, liu bang goes from civilians and dominate the world emperor, his etiquette also has quite a few comes from the underworld.Had been in the past few of celebrity liu family became scenery, the most honorable surname surnamed lu became the national status, many people with the surname Liu Weirong, while the pre-qin period on behalf of the family members of their aristocratic class, the identity of the surname completely lost the original dazzing glorious, everyone's as last name, last name and surname of the differences are minimal, from then on, regardless of the position of noble or humble, no matter what occupation, everyone have a last name, last name is the number of suddenly.Sima qian make shiji, simply put the surname mix into an organic whole, become an integral of the same overall.

Strictly speaking, now a lot of we believe that the family name, in the pre-qin period is essentially's.

Also before the Meiji restoration, Japan with China's warring states period before the situation is completely consistent, the majority of Japanese are famous no name yet.Meiji five years (1872), the Japanese government regulations, everyone in the country must have a name, a surname is the duty of citizens, in under the weight of the regulation, many of the people who had no name will give myself hastily took the surname, the poor usually have no culture, couldn't find the good name of inspiration, plus time is short, so the country there are many "watanabe", "panasonic" and "sakurai" Yiddish and last name.

In front of the origin of the name.After thousands of years of history, we how much of the world's most populous country name?This is a very difficult research problems.Because of the long history, in the process, constantly have new name under the new need to produce, also has some surnames in the process of development.

The pre-qin period the last name of the book "the the total income of 18 875 Fahrenheit.

The han dynasty books about surname "supplications article" income 130 surname, shan 127 of them, three compound surname.Because the book was the children's literacy textbooks, so in the process of writing, the author name because some difficult to read, write, or do not conform to the rhythm and discard them.So, probably the 130 surnames are not all that was last name.

Of the early tang dynasty "tang clan" of the communist party of China, included 293 surname, in the middle of the name "yuanhe surname code" included 1233.The number and the han dynasty when 130 are nearly one thousand, visible, surname rapidly increased in the tang dynasty.

The name of the song dynasty, even more, when the song dynasty compiled the book annals clan slightly, included surname 225, another book, author, name of solution name is included in 2568.

In the Ming dynasty, the book name 觹 Chen Shiyuan, there are altogether 3625 surnames;Have been recorded in literature of continued his 4657 surnames.

Wang Sucun in 1969, the Chinese surname mansion, collected by the surname to 7720.In 1984, the Chinese surnames assembly ", included 5730 surnames.In 1984, the Chinese name of the name in more than 5600.In the 1996's "big dictionary of Chinese surnames, statistics the name in Chinese characters recorded in all ages a total of 11969.

Now, the common surname in China around 300, the largest number of last name is zhang, it is said that there are one hundred million people, up and down is equivalent to the total population of the two countries of Britain and France.