"Name" in modern Chinese is a word, but in the qin and han dynasties ago, last name and surname have obvious differences.Last name from matriarchal society, said the same last name the same maternal blood relationship.The earliest Chinese surname, mostly from the "female", such as: ginger, yao, si, Gui, won, said it was some old grandmother pass under different clan groups.'s, on the other hand, are produced after the last name is recognized by the patriarchal kinship as a result, it can only be established in the patriarchal paternalism when possible.XuanYuanShi, therefore, when we read "yellow emperor ji" and "yan mountain's, jiang", you can understand, the common ancestor of the Chinese nation yanhuang two emperor the original belong to two tribes according to maternal blood relationship or tribal alliance, a surname jiang, a family called her, and they respectively have said their patriarchal patriarchal leader said: mountain, xuanyuan.Name and surname have strict distinction and at the same time, using the situation shows that matriarchy have given way to patriarchy, but the influence of matrilineal society still exists, the effect has been to the spring and autumn period and the warring states period after dying off.

"Of" this is in the early northern song dynasty, qiantang (hangzhou) compiled by a scholar of poor elements, to common surname piece into four word of a verse, like a si, with reading and memory, and therefore, to this, very deep impact."Of four hundred and eleven was collected by supplement to five hundred and four surname, shan four hundred and forty-four of them, compound surname sixty.

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