Guggenheim is a multi-ethnic and origin of the name, mainly from zhejiang ShengJing will collection area (now shaoxing, zhejiang province), ranked eighty-ninth in the list of today's last name, belongs to the most popular series, in Taiwan are not included in the top one hundred most popular, now a population of about two million eight hundred and thirty thousand, which accounts for about 0.17% of the total population.

Since four thousand years ago, gu clan people is the main breeding migration in jiangsu and zhejiang area along the Yangtze river downstream.Their progenitor was a king.Since the three guggenheim rise, until the sui and tang dynasties, guggenheim has been one of the four most popular Chinese jiangdong.After the tang dynasty, guggenheim is jiangsu, zhejiang and a fame of the most popular, especially in jiangsu area.Guggenheim, therefore, all previous dynasties celebrities from more than the south, and for generations, gradually all over the country.

1.Han period:

Greatly loss the power of the western han dynasty emperor wudi belligerency, in his later years he has been aware of the dangers of its policies, forced to in the form of a "crime is a letter to the" terminate the reckless expansion;Add from today's jiangsu and zhejiang to the south of the yunnan-guizhou for population accounts for most of the central plains people is still a strange land: hot, humid, lush jungle, epidemic diseases, people's living and production is not suitable for the north, so the han government rule here, in fact, only a few towns and the core region near the traffic line.Live in the southern mountainous hilly region YueZu has been according to the form of ancient tribal life reproduction.The YueZu is divided into many tribes, each other is not Chinese, known as the more;Development level also each different, the most advanced several powerful once established south, east and MinYueGuo.Therefore, Chinese government have to use what the most popular local governance, but also worry that the local power too, which in turn would endanger his rule, so they adopted a policy of play and pull, it can from the western han dynasty guggenheim seen the fate of the ups and downs.

Due to the official carrier, according to the system guggenheim genealogy records, after Mr Zhu, built after the shake, zhao.Gu Jiansheng three sons, the eldest son of province, through the examination, and no heirs.The second Gu Gui inheritance fathers.Han jianyuan three years (138 BC), east ou the throne reached the Ann zhu the fourth generations, its tribes began to attack by the author, then to the han for help.The Chinese government sent doctors ZhuFa will take the soldier zhuang east across the sea to support ou, the author of the idea.Pressured by the author that the more people have been forced to move within the central requirement, the emperor was named the chi YiHou, moved to the department of the jianghuai region.

The other, the more people the author from jianyuan six years (135 BC) attacked in south Vietnam, south of more emperor sent again big line Wang Hui invasion (now jiangxi), yu zhang big agriculture Han Anguo troops will take back the author.He sent his army and fujian king ying PingXian resistance.But ying's brother murdered ying, yu good united the clans and head to the han dynasty.Han then ordered the armistice, seal earlier king nirvikalpa grandson go jun ugly for the king to go ruled fujian the department.Due to the good brother kill self-reliance, refuses to accept, they have many many more than from the good, the han government sent the army division to go jun ugly and more good.

Yuan ding three years (114 BC), favor by the han dynasty more than good comeback, the attack on Chinese territory and killed three of the han government a captain.The han dynasty can only again, he sent his troops and sent cross sea general chapter Korea to other across the sea to attack;Also send ship general Yang to simply out of wulin, lieutenant Wang Wenshu MeiLing, more people also have great synergy, multi-channel rashly.The emperor yuan ding five years (112 BC) helped conquering other tribes, often from han people, as Wu Hou Gu Gui, inhabits gusu (now jiangsu suzhou).Yuan seal (110 BC) of the first year of the king of freedom, the winter yan Hou Wu Yang hou ao and design, built killed capricious more than good, a han by law shall be sealed and will be much more, which was created for wuxi hou.

Given YueZu ministries live in remote mountains, from clothing, when the central is difficult to control, Chinese government began to consider solved once and for all, then ordered the closure of the YueZu leaders led the leave the original settlement, the family migration to the jianghuai region, east of the original and the place was abandoned.This is a decisive significance in the history of the guggenheim, the guggenheim gens of drift from place to place before the end of the qin and han dynasties, returned to the ancestors pastly taihu plain, began a steady development, the jiangnan also became the guggenheim's real home.

Unlike those relying on the politics for the development of the family, family though born YueZu, but in the early man unrest after migration, wu house destroyed country suffering, in the later in the process of long-term historical choice and relearn, gradually by the developing pattern of art family heirloom.Because the first half of the history of political and economic center of China are located in the north, the south is relatively backward, and this is the right thing to do, obviously guggenheim later generations and therefore benefit from, family became a cultural prosperity of ethnic group, generations of outstanding talent emerge in endlessly, this is the most popular in jiangnan, and even the whole country in more prominent.

In this stage, the guggenheim clans lineage inheritance is roughly the clues, roughly from Ann Zhu Chuan iii to build, built in the third, the eldest son, no posterity;Jane gu ao (gu teach some family tree), active and also because the more likely the cutting seal, but the emperor wudi) and three years (90 BC) famous person wu method of event for winging sympathy, prince Edward, who were taken, the child eloth, more troops to sun MaoShi, history lost trail;The second Gu Gui one day everyone would fly through, nylon, dragon, dacheng, bond and become today's guggenheim authentic clique.

Gu Ao had two sons: the eldest son, the second Gu Guan.Despite the no test it;Gu Guan by letter to the government for a motto in Chinese when someone was (unlike qin's office by the aristocrat hereditary, the han dynasty according to blood and will double standard elected officer method, for a letter to the motto is recommended by the local government or bureaucrats can DE sage to local government in high rank) and may already be appointed the officer.According to some guggenheim genealogy, recalled Gu Guan had two sons: the eldest son dragon, the second Kun.The second son of both test, the eldest son of dragon followers of god (word) in the han jue (58 years BC) for four years as a surname.Give dacheng (subsets) Yu Hancheng (32 years BC) of the first year of emperor JianShi by for good light Paul grant a letter to the doctor.Dacheng, son of the state (word Trinidad) because knowledge of classical moral, in the eastern han dynasty GuangWuDi kenwood two years (AD 26 years) officer to fu.

Experience a stop-start guggenheim families in the western han dynasty period.Can see from the above spectrum: Ann zhu later generations to the fifth province it a cut, vi is gone eloth, vii and bases the two lost, to the tenth world only bond line times.

Empire of the western han dynasty last years, due to the establishment of greed, stupidity and inherent in China's feudal dynasty replaced the role of rhythm, ethnic, social, and of the internal contradictions of the ruling class, lead to court the power of mother follwed family's hands.Follwed is han emperor (the bottom fifth of the western han dynasty emperor) after the empress yuan of han family members, because after the death of emperor empress wang zhengjun etheric identity decided to state affairs for dozens of years, so many members of the family of men to enter the court, the wangs master confidential.Because in the process of ruling advocates a drastic reform to eliminate people's very hate all sorts of phenomenon of the dark, and the humble integrity, fairness, and personal charm, follwed prestige reached the top of the world.Nine years BC dealt follwed finally accepted the western han dynasty last emperor abdicated, established the "new".It's a pity that the fate of the new dynasty is bad, radical social reforms in just less than 15 years, in the people and against tyrannical and noble group collapsed.Replace XinMang is a member of the western han dynasty royal Liu Xiu, is the eastern han dynasty GuangWuDi.

Liu Xiu set up after the eastern han dynasty, on the one hand, with the forces of regional interests balance, on the other hand also to repair the depressed state by XinMang, began to pay attention to collect all kinds of talents, to enrich the bureaucratic class, expand the rule base.GuangWuDi kenwood five years (A.D. 29 years), from the south, the son of the guggenheim Gu Bang family gouin meditation (word) for flat jianghuai work into a surname.Well since this is Ann zhu guggenheim I of ten.

Han GuangWuDi Liu Xiu after the eastern han dynasty ushered in a period of stability and prosperity.According to a variety of guggenheim genealogy may, the son of the han period of followers in gouin gu zong (word Wen Wei) official court for a long time, old officer to the ancient, history, because of its loyalty talented, give a few staff, as every time I listen to their opinions.Despite all the son: gulin (air), the han its fifth years (AD 111) officer to temple too often.Despite the woods Gu Feng JiHong (word) in the huan xi emperor yanli nine years (AD 166) served as YingChuan satrap, his son Gu Tong (total).So in a relatively stable and peaceful hundred years later, the han huan of the spirit world.

Huan of the spirit world refers to the the second and the third emperor of the eastern han dynasty last emperor and emperor ruling period, the period of political corruption, mass starvation, and catch the rare natural disasters, so the situation is very volatile.

Politics has a prominent characteristics of the eastern han dynasty, the emperor is more youth acceded to the throne, so right for the queen mother dominated extremely easily.But the queen mother is a woman, grew up in giants corridors and ruling ability, so often reuse the parent home relatives, this is consorts.Consorts owing to lack of legitimacy and ruling legitimacy, and taken other bureaucrats, local strongmen, commending sage, and other countries the main rule group's political future, coupled with whomever they misbehave, so often a opposition, very unpopular.Are used to suppress or remove consorts to answer all opposition.Little emperors would not voluntarily after grow up to be a puppet uncle's house, because as a result of consorts of failure in the bureaucratic partisans are often the mother of the family, the emperor can not rely on.The emperor's side only trustworthy and interest only eunuchs grew up with him.Adult emperor with supreme imperial power, and then with the help of the eunuch nature can eliminate consorts regain power.After leading, in view of the eunuch "credit" and the officer had to succumb to the mother's family history, the emperor natural reuse eunuch contempt towards the officer, and formed a eunuch, authoritarian.

But the eunuch's body and mind are incomplete, their identity is only the emperor's slave, its power is high but it also lack of legitimacy, and no offspring, so only the pursuit of life to enjoy.Their pursuit of wealth and power than consorts.In order to keep the monopoly, the only way is to encourage the emperor enjoyment.Enjoy sex excessiveness, the emperor died young.Then appeared young emperor, new mother power in family, clearing the eunuch, and flight control failure.A new round of cycle again.Under this kind of vicious circle, the eastern han dynasty's state became more and more weak, the sell ranks and titles such as dark phenomenon;More serious is that the two sides in the struggle of collusion often ambitious general threatening to, so the dynasty in the worst case - troops involved in the political turning vortex.Witnessing these cases, some traditional officials and scholars began to use their prestige and dynasty orthodox ethics and values, fight through the letter and the other way around.Because the bureaucrats' often relations formed by local and shicheng, so when the power of the eunuch group will excuse the political rival gang up form cronies and crack down.In addition to arrest the leader of the main, the eunuch to crack down on the main means of the scholar-bureaucrat is "locked", namely, cancel its participation and official, this is called "debate"."Debate" the curse of the main parts of the ruling class at that time the landlord bureaucrats lose political privilege, certainly also shaken the basis of the basic rule of the eastern han dynasty.

At this time, as a light lu schoenberg Gu Tong especially like the dark world, are difficult to do something, and not willing to collaboration, heart of announcement, then quit their old sinecure, retirement at home in the Hollywood hills, family reunions, GengDou, also feel happy.Gu Tong scions in Shi Cheng Gu Rong is the only one.Gu Rong (from ZhongRong) is the father of the wind, in the chaotic times is not intentional to fame and wealth.Was in charge of the consorts and the minister DouWu ruling in order to struggle with the eunuch group, eager to expand private forces, so he called in jiangnan, guggenheim member secretariat Gu Rong as jingzhou in the negative, because the jingzhou rank position, status is very important, but Gu Rong euphemism still absolutely rejected, the family retirement in taihu lake dongting mountain.

Gu Rong has two people, regard to the Taoism (word), Gu Shu with flat (word).

2.In The Three Kingdoms, two jin, northern and southern dynasties

(1) The Three Kingdoms period:

Han because mother eunuch family take turns to authoritarian, parties, and natural disaster, the people's uprising and foreign threats, such as a variety of reasons, China has entered a famous warlord period in history.After a period of infighting, liu bei cao cao in the north and southwest and southeast of sun quanThe warThe survivors.Overall, warlords is unfortunate and cruel, but relative to the dark corrupt authoritarian unification dynasty, because of the competition for survival, especially when several regime regime in the period of the balance of power, the monarch relatively can listen to all sides, a good promotion of talent, committed to improve the way of rule, system will tend to be more reasonable.So in some ways, but a political efficient qingming festival period, otherwise the power will be stronger opponent annexation.

In hostile tripartite, sun quan's condition is relatively weaker.Because he had neither cao cao "were the emperor" political advantage and so powerful, consisting of the army, nor Liu Beihan room the clan's position, only rely on his father's unique strategic vision occupied jiangdong corner, temporarily avoid the geopolitical situation in the center of the war.But the situation is favorable price - southeast of remote, backward economy, the population is less, so long sun wu regime has been under as much as possible and Cao Liu two knot good policy.To sun quan, meanwhile, he was deeply understand the keys to stabilize its ruling, is to obtain the internal unity, outside.So sun quan from inside looking for the meaning of sage, guggenheim nature also with great influence in the southeast of attention.

Gu Rong's eldest son is attention to a reading, and proficient in augury authority at the time believed by people.In the ancient divination of originally is without scientific knowledge developed a means of explanation and understanding of the unknown.After in-depth study of modern history and anthropology, we already know that every nation of the ancient world, is difficult to distinguish between science and religion faith, or even religious superstition is the early form of science.Ancient Chinese people all believe that "never doubt", that is only in the experience and knowledge is difficult to determine important things using divination decision-making question, for example is a bit like similar circumstances today even the people who were very good modern science and technology education will pay never suspected.Because of this, in ancient China belongs to the augury of such "zhouyi" is the most humanistic colour and strongly oppose superstition of Confucianism as a philosophical schools.Therefore, have the skill not only requires a profound cultural knowledge, and must have a rich life experience.At that time to master it, reputation around the jiangnan region.He has also served as a sun quan, four county magistrate, achievement is good, so has been appointed former generals and ministers, wasteland.Regard to the younger brother Gu Shu west cao we also once served as the three.Fly in to have a child, two people muldrow characters (sigh), Gu Hui (beauty);Gu Shu also has one son Gu Ti (word).

While eastern jin period:

In all kinds of historical data, there are trace guggenheim seed mainly can be divided into the following several:

Gu, Gu Rong, the two are muldrow grandchild;

And, he is Gu Hui iv sun;

Is the sun of Gu Ti regardless of all.These four are the lineal descendants.

(3) : in the southern dynasty

Eastern jin dynasty, because family sima corruption, and the garrison forces is too large, privilege and conflict between countries has become increasingly fierce.As a result of the garrison political privilege, their children and grandchildren hereditary noble civilian, nothing original advantage of the political dynasty has gradually degraded;Cold, on the other hand, the family background of bureaucrats will gradually master the military, start over garrison forces.

North government army, the armed forces, a the most elite of the eastern, since at the water it is very important in the national politics life after the war.North house army generals to emperor wu of song humble origins, but extremely rich talent, at that moment, grasp the leadership of the army.Emperor wu of song has destroyed the south yan, later qin regime by force and internal competition, control of the state affairs and replacing jin song is established.Since the southern regime in nearly one hundred and seventy years after the song, qi, liang and Chen dynasties four, although garrison nominal position is still high, but the actual regime in cold bureaucratic landlords and general hands.

3.Sui and tang period:

Sui and tang dynasties, China has entered a period of brilliant.In this stage, the political center of China is still in the north of the Yellow River basin, but the economic center has already begun to transfer to the south.Historians generally believe that after the tang dynasty is after an lushan and a buffer region regime rule can still continue, one important reason is that economic central dynasty can also get the southern economic support.Another characteristic of this stage, it is the imperial take and replace the old rely on family choosing officers system.

Because after the sui and tang dynasties unified dynasty imperial examination system of election officials, as a cultural prosperity of the most popular, there are too many people regard clan members enter politics, around the officer, the family to follow;Plus the guggenheim population reproduction, wu land is narrow, so beginning after Gu Yewang, guggenheim distribution gradually to other places.A series of moves yuhang is roughly: the sui dynasty Gu Biao (hangzhou, zhejiang province today), tang gu even less a migrating with ancestor ancestral hall to luoyang;Do ha nam posterity a relocation of salt (now belong to the Shanghai jinshan county);A move RunZhou hon south (zhenjiang)...After the five dynasties guggenheim diaspora, has been difficult to one by one a real test.But wu gu, most concentrated, most people in clan of suzhou area as the guggenheim base areas the situation has not changed.

Tang Gaozu, emperor taizong and his son after him in taiyuan, eliminated the residual and governors of all stripes of the sui dynasty, established the tang dynasty, tang dynasty period of the basic guggenheim families are Gu Yewang copper is a descendant of the pit.

4.During the song and yuan dynasties:

Song and yuan period is the guggenheim low tide of historical development, and its main branches: will take the guggenheim, too xing guggenheim clan people, such as in the song and yuan dynasties migration can be found in some of the genealogy record.

5.Ming and qing period:

Ming and qing dynasties is the end of feudal society in China, China's population of this phase, the original political and economic system began to decline, so the political struggle is very fierce., on the other hand, due to the commodity economy in the south of the Yangtze river, especially the development of commodity economy, the Chinese southeast coastal region economy, cultural prosperity, there have been some previously no new ideas, new phenomenon, gu clan, there are people in this region Numbers well-entrenched, coupled with gu clan people progressive family tradition, loyalty, and so the timing, location, and emerged a large number of famous historical figures.A prominent scholar mainly concentrated in the loyal minister and two categories.

Gu clan of these characters is a great geographical and familial.By comparison, guggenheim still can be found in jiangnan, for important settlements, including suzhou, kunshan, wuxi, especially focused.This period is an age of the production of large Numbers of guggenheim genealogy, from these family history, can see some of the tribe of gu clan people roughly the migration route.But considering the guggenheim, the number of existing family whatever the number, can fully reflect the gu clan, development and evolution in the Ming and qing dynasties, in the meantime of clan distribution also has some interesting changes, namely the role of the family gradually give way to the regional role, this is consistent with the economic development and social progress.

In the history of the later development, compatriots because of various reasons, there are other ethnic brothers joined the clan group.

(1) the manchu:

From manchu a guggenheim, according to history books "annals, qing clan slightly" records, the qing does so on eight generations, "the name irgun roche, since eight generations, son to gu's".

Gu eight generations, word, originally is the manchu irgun roche, belong to manchuria we have got rich.His father Gu Na zen, serve in qing huang taiji and shunzhi dynasty.People close before Gu Na zen in the attack on the datong Ming army, because fight brave, be given number "TuLu" (meaning) for the warriors, awarded the hereditary niru chapter to Beijing.Promoted to a la frontal really soon.Early shun zhi period, qing soldiers off after Gu Na chan attended the pacify shaanxi, hunan, the qing jiangnan, zhejiang military action, promoted to third class, ha ha.Gu Na zen there are several people, including jue, gu su attack father into the second class, ha ha.

Gu eight generations is the second Gu Na zen.The young man's then the heavy righteousness, like reading, good at riding and shooting.Because of its origin as an adult was candidate as a guard army.Qing shunzhi sixteen years (AD 1659), gu eight generations expropriated in yunnan province, was awarded the post type of pen, soon because his eldest brother gu su Gu Foyue brother and son died, the eldest branch JueSi, by gu eight generations on the job, the new official department advice.In the fourteenth year of the reign of emperor kangxi (1675 AD), the qing emperor kangxi emperor inspection publicity officials, gu eight generations ranked first, promoted to the academician courtyard shi read the bachelor's degree.Later, Ming drops wu sangui arise and rebellion, fighting in hunan, and sent its subordinate plundered region of guangdong.General town south the headstrong in accordance with the figure from jiangxi province guangdong, garrison in shao states.Sixteen years (AD 1677), the qing emperor kangxi emperor life gu eight generations heralds the headstrong in accordance with the figure, the guangxi recovered after gu eight generations will stay headstrong in figure ations, followed him in guangxi.Qing guangxi governor Fu Honglie defeat by wu sangui will Wu Shicong, headstrong in accordance with the figure led soldiers stationed with him.Gu eight generations was ordered to patrol barracks, remind law knot camp boss messy, if the enemy to before and after will not accordingly.Indeed as expected Wu Shicong sneak attack, to defeat the qing army, had to return to wuzhou.Wu Shicong chase, fight the qing army, temporarily withdrew the enemy.

Gu eight generations keenly anticipate Wu Shicong will come again, command sergeant stepped up security.It was New Year's eve, Wu Shicong rate army thirty thousand into the attack, was defeated by gu eight generations.Seventeen years of the reign of emperor kangxi, along the way the army counter-offensive, meet with Wu Shicong army, only to find their headstrong in accordance with the figure fell ill, he will be handed control of eight generations.Gu eight generations and deputy commander-in-chief, crossing then, fight with Wu Shicong;Secretly and short radius around the enemy side, in the break through their right after the enemy on the left.Results Wu Shicong defeat, only rate remains of the great break through enemy blockade.Gu eight generation dispatching ride a pursuit, Wu Shicong cornered, only himself.Then attack the qing wu sangui holed up in nanning, wu jun general Ma Cheng meet wide (Yin) and wu sangui, boasts hundreds of army, PingXian and against the qing army.In the face of strong enemy, the army will be some fear.After the battle began, gu eight generations rushed, encourage the will die, finally defeated wu sangui.

In the eighteenth year of the reign of emperor kangxi, court officials achievements, gu eight generations for distinguished itself was rated as excellent;But college students songgotu don't like gu eight generations, wrote in his comments "impetuous" two words, and thus removed.Just because the headstrong in accordance with the fight to keep his official position.The following year, the headstrong in figure died in the army, gu eight generations change along with the general ping south tower conquests adlai was in charge of yunnan.Before the start of the campaign, gu eight generations think that should be taken outside the commanding heights after gaining advantage again.Boss followed by gu eight generations, a victory.Move troops, is entitled to shi gu eight generations about bachelor's position.

The twenty-third year of the reign of emperor kangxi, the emperor ordered eight generations unattended on study, and promoted does assistant minister;Five years later, he became does history.Later because the offending the emperor, was relieved of his ministers but still leave value on the study.The thirty-seventh year of the reign of emperor kangxi, gu eight generations because illness requires to retire.47 of the reign of emperor kangxi years (AD 1708), died from eight generations.

Gu eight generations unattended on the study, learn later yongzheng emperor had followed him.After the death of gu eight generations, because at ordinary times very clean unexpectedly poor without money undertaker, there were no acceded to the throne of yongzheng to festivals, and cuisine of things for him.Four years of yongzheng, restore his honors and titles, and add a teacher, writings.finally end;And because he is poor, reward gu eight generations of descendants.Yongzheng eight years to build a motto shrine, minister of the manchu people worship five people, gu eight generations rank third.The son of gu eight generations of yanyan father, from the participation has been deputy commander-in-chief when the officer.Gu eight Gu Cong generation grandson in the qing dynasty in the national history.

Since gu eight generations, we have got rich of manchu irgun roche this a last name guggenheim, gu eight surname for later ratification by generation of fathers.Manchu clan people distribution in the later, because the material is less, needs further research.

The essay hereby:

Hereby claim to be "yao on", "two jade firm", is mainly concentrated in the southern region of the hexi corridor in gansu province qi is given priority to with animal husbandry nation, in addition, there are some live in jiuquan yellow fort area.Yugur multilingual: altaic turkic of yao language, altaic engel Mongolian language and Chinese, also does not have the national characters, general provinces.Mainly through the history of the native folk historical data.

According to relevant data, yugu has its own name, which included a gu le.This name is later in written in Chinese characters regularly and he took the first word of harmonics, became a guggenheim.Because of the yugur guggenheim is relatively late, and the lack of historical materials, so that a gu clan origin and distribution of people are very difficult to textual research.

(3) xibo nationality:

Xibo is living in hulun buir prairie and nenjiang river basin, good riding and shooting, from generation to generation in hunting, fishing, for industry, also have a relatively developed rice is given priority to agriculture and animal husbandry.The middle of the 18th century some xibo qapqal moved west to xinjiang, xibo most now live in xinjiang qapqal xibe autonomous county and HuoCheng, gong county, etc.Xibo nationality of the other to stay in the northeast, in shenyang, original, yi county, eastern Bei Town, and Inner Mongolia, heilongjiang province of the nen river valley and other places also have the family life.

Believe in the more primitive religion in xibo nationality history, then also has converted to lamaism, xibo for more attention to their fathers' houses, also have the habit of the han nationality ancestors grave.

Xibo nationality has a the good name of firm's, similar to the yugur, firm the good's later in the process of localization and he took the surname of the first word of harmonics, the surname guggenheim.

6.Overseas immigrants:

The Chinese nation since ancient times is to develop the tradition.From han dynasty to open the western regions, the ocean trade in tang and song dynasty, zheng he's voyage is a good example.However, because China is humongous, until the late Ming dynasty before the population, population pressure is not particularly big, plus "parents in travel" holy example and inclination to Ann the customs, so there is no large-scale migration.Military northern nomadic ShiYiEr century empire took control of northern and northwestern China, through the silk road in central Asia.Song dynasty because of the compass and the development of navigation technology, Marine silk road extending gradually opened.Chinese is through business, sailing and travel, began a small amount of emigration.In the yuan dynasty, the setting up of an unprecedented huge, across Eurasia empire, so the traffic trade is also very rich.

The population of China is in time of peace has long been stable within one hundred million.In the late Ming dynasty, due to the economic development, population of nearly two hundred million, population pressure surge;In the mid qing dynasty, the population reached three hundred million.On the one hand, this phenomenon is that the government some measures such as the qing dynasty, taking the "booth butyl mu" policy, on the other hand production technology without a breakthrough and the introduction of high-yield crops are considerable.

Increased the population, making the population of China is highly tense relationship with resources and environment, especially in some areas such as fujian, guangdong, southeast coastal because is given priority to with mountain, to narrow the, again not like jiangnan has developed economy can convert a lot of labor, so great survival pressure.Ming and qing dynasties, due to political reasons and humble opinions adopted a policy of isolation, from a legal point of view, emigration is forbidden.However, to the expansion of overseas didn't stop.

Europe's big after sailing, Spain,grapesTeeth, the Netherlands, the UK and other western countries began to colonize southeast Asia.Due to the local population is less, and they set their sights on the kind and industrious and intelligent Chinese people in southeast Asia, introduced a large number of Chinese are in various ways, rubber plantation when workers at the local.For common cultural traditions and habits and customs, Chinese settlement appeared slowly, so some of the earliest Chinese community is formed.

In the next hundred years, overseas Chinese have experienced unimaginable hardships and tribulations: western colonists discrimination, the local people's misunderstanding, and corrupt government indifference, with their diligence and wisdom, and gradually spread to all over the world.According to statistics, Chinese overseas Chinese around the world has more than thirty-five million people, the distribution of the country almost all over the world, in recent years even less the Chinese eastern Europe, South America and all over their footprints.But the older generation of Chinese in southeast Asia still mostly, a new generation of immigrants in Japan and the United States the most.Early removed from the land of overseas Chinese, as much in places such as zhejiang, fujian and guangdong, zhejiang is gu clan of them more distribution in the region.